遇水释放易燃气体物质危险性识别技术的研究
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摘要
结合遇水放出易燃气体物质危险性识别的实际经验,研制全自动化的遇水释放易燃气体物质危险性检测仪。介绍检测仪的结构设计、工作原理以及关键技术。采用微负压差反馈收集技术实现化工产品遇水释放气体的精确收集和体积检测,采用自动注水实现对注水体积的精确控制,避免注水体积对放气速率检测的影响。对88%代森锰锌和镁铝粉两种典型样品进行遇水放气速率的测试,验证设备的准确性和稳定性。研究水温条件对化工产品遇水释放易燃气体速率的影响,结果表明,随着水温升高,反应速率加快,镁铝粉遇水放气速率逐步增大。
A fully automated gas release rate tester for hazard identification of substances which emits flammable gases in contact with water was developed based on the practical experience in identification. The structure design, working principle and key technology of the tester were introduced. The micro negative pressure collection technology was used to measure the volume of the flammable gas. Automatic water injection technology helps to control of the volume of reaction water, and to avoid the influence of water volume on test of gas release rate. The gas release rates of two typical samples as 88% Mancozeb and Magnesium Aluminium powder were measured by this tester to verify the accuracy and stability of this tester. The effect of water temperature on the gas release rate was studied. The results showed that the reaction rate was accelerated with the increase of water temperature.
A fully automated gas release rate tester for hazard identification of substances which emits flammable gases in contact with water was developed based on the practical experience in identification. The structure design, working principle and key technology of the tester were introduced. The micro negative pressure collection technology was used to measure the volume of the flammable gas. Automatic water injection technology helps to control of the volume of reaction water, and to avoid the influence of water volume on test of gas release rate. The gas release rates of two typical samples as 88% Mancozeb and Magnesium Aluminium powder were measured by this tester to verify the accuracy and stability of this tester. The effect of water temperature on the gas release rate was studied. The results showed that the reaction rate was accelerated with the increase of water temperature.
引文
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[2]国际海事组织.国际海运危险货物规则[S].
[3]国际航空运输协会.危险品规则[S].
[4]联合国.全球化学品统一分类和标签制度(全球统一制度)[S].
[5]联合国.关于危险货物运输的建议书(试验和标准手册)[S].
[6]陈寒根.遇水反应危险化学品灾害事故处置[J].消防科学与技术,2004,23(2):196-198.
[7]刘冠鹏,李凤生,郭效德.铝粉燃料与水反应的研究进展[J].固体火箭技术,2007,30(2):196-198.
[8]张健,刘峰,贾惠敏,等.遇水反应化学危险品灾害事故处置方法探讨[C].公共安全化学研究论丛,2006.
[9]高建明,曾明荣.我国危险化学品安全生产现状与对策[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2005,1(3):52-55.
[10]其乐格木,李静.遇水反应危险化学品的事故特点及应急处置对策[J].安全,2006,(5):33-36.
[11]国家安全监管总局.危险化学品目录[S].
[12]王德志,张金梅,高秀,等.镁硅铁遇水放出易燃气体反应动力学研究[J].化学与生物工程,2011,28(11):45-47.