深度贫困地区农村社区治理的逻辑策略与经验启示——以云南省怒江州为例
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摘要
深度贫困地区农村社区治理与治理模式转型升级是社区自身内部发展需要与国家外部推动的综合结果。一直以来,云南省怒江州存在多维贫困因素并存、整体经济发展薄弱、基础公共设施滞后、社区公共服务受限、人口素质普遍偏低、脱贫攻坚缺乏动力、建设经费严重缺乏、基层工作力量不足等困难和问题。近年来,怒江州始终将脱贫攻坚战略与农村社区治理相结合,以社区治理加速脱贫,以脱贫战略优化社区治理,有效厘清农村社区治理与脱贫攻坚的双向互促关系。整体来看,怒江州通过理念转换、资源利用、平台搭建、机制保障、技术创新等五个维度,促进农村社区治理与脱贫攻坚相结合,是改善深度贫困地区农村社区治理效能、提升脱贫攻坚工作效率的有效方式,为我国深度贫困地区的农村社区治理与脱贫攻坚工作提供具有探讨性和借鉴性的思路及方法。
The transformation and upgrading of rural community governance and governance models in deeply impoverished areas is a comprehensive result of the internal development needs of the community and the external promotion of the country.For a long time,there have been many difficulties and problems in the development of Nujiang Prefecture of Yunnan Province,such as coexistence of multi-dimensional poverty factors,weak overall economic development,lagging public infrastructure,limited community public services,generally low population quality,lack of motivation for poverty alleviation,serious lack of construction funds and insufficient grassroots work force.In recent years,Nujiang Prefecture has been combining poverty alleviation strategies with rural community governance,accelerating poverty alleviation through community governance,constantly optimizing community governance through poverty alleviation strategies,and effectively clarifying the mutual promotion relationship between rural community governance and poverty alleviation.On the whole,by five dimensions of concept transformation,resource utilization,platform building,mechanism guarantee and technical innovation,Nujiang Prefecture promotes the combination of rural community governance and poverty alleviation.This is an effective way to improve the efficiency of rural community governance in deeply impoverished areas,which will improve the working efficiency of poverty alleviation,and provide ideas and methods of discussion and reference for rural community governance and poverty alleviation in deeply impoverished areas in China.
The transformation and upgrading of rural community governance and governance models in deeply impoverished areas is a comprehensive result of the internal development needs of the community and the external promotion of the country.For a long time,there have been many difficulties and problems in the development of Nujiang Prefecture of Yunnan Province,such as coexistence of multi-dimensional poverty factors,weak overall economic development,lagging public infrastructure,limited community public services,generally low population quality,lack of motivation for poverty alleviation,serious lack of construction funds and insufficient grassroots work force.In recent years,Nujiang Prefecture has been combining poverty alleviation strategies with rural community governance,accelerating poverty alleviation through community governance,constantly optimizing community governance through poverty alleviation strategies,and effectively clarifying the mutual promotion relationship between rural community governance and poverty alleviation.On the whole,by five dimensions of concept transformation,resource utilization,platform building,mechanism guarantee and technical innovation,Nujiang Prefecture promotes the combination of rural community governance and poverty alleviation.This is an effective way to improve the efficiency of rural community governance in deeply impoverished areas,which will improve the working efficiency of poverty alleviation,and provide ideas and methods of discussion and reference for rural community governance and poverty alleviation in deeply impoverished areas in China.
引文
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(6)赵昌文,郭晓鸣.贫困地区扶贫模式:比较与选择[J].中国农村观察,2000(6):65.
(7)沈红.扶贫传递与社区自组织[J].社会学研究,1997(5):32.
(1)彭多意.论少数民族农村社区治理能力建设---以云南k彝族村为例[J].云南行政学院学报,2007(3):108.
(2)何泽中.探索农村基层治理与脱贫致富结合之路[J].当代中国史研究,2011(1):27.
(3)陈惠敏.贫困地区精准扶贫与农村社区协同发展的思考[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016(9):10.
(4)吕方,梅琳.“精准扶贫”不是什么?---农村转型视阈下的中国农村贫困治理[J].新视野,2017(2):37.
(1)中国政府网.中办国办印发意见支持深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚[EB/OL].(2017-11-21).http:∥www.gov.cn/xinwen/2017-11/21/content_5241334.html.
(2)中华人民共和国民政部网.民政部关于推进深度贫困地区民政领域脱贫攻坚工作的意见[EB/OL].(2018-04-07).http:∥xxgk.mca.gov.cn:8081/n1360/150394.html.
(1)赵煜.云南农村社区治理个案研究[J].云南行政学院学报,2006(4):128.
(1)黄承伟.党的十八大以来脱贫攻坚理论创新和实践创新总结[J].中国农业大学学报(社会科学版),2017(5):6.
(1)Labonne J,Chase R S.Do community-driven development projects enhance social capital?Evidence from the Philippines[J].Journal of Development Economics,2011,96(2):348.
(2)贾俊雪,秦聪,刘勇政.“自上而下”与“自下而上”融合的政策设计---基于农村发展扶贫项目的经验分析[J].中国社会科学,2017(9):68.
(3)左停,赵梦媛,金菁.突破能力瓶颈和环境约束:深度贫困地区减贫路径探析---以中国“四省藏区”集中连片深度贫困地区为例[J].贵州社会科学,2018(9):145.
(4)中国政府网.中办国办印发意见支持深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚[EB/OL].(2017-11-21).http:∥www.gov.cn/xinwen/2017-11/21/content_5241334.htm.
(5)人民网.在深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚座谈会上的讲话[EB/OL].(2017-08-31).http:∥politics.people.com.cn/n1/2017/0831/c1024-29507971.html.
(6)赵昌文,郭晓鸣.贫困地区扶贫模式:比较与选择[J].中国农村观察,2000(6):65.
(7)沈红.扶贫传递与社区自组织[J].社会学研究,1997(5):32.
(1)彭多意.论少数民族农村社区治理能力建设---以云南k彝族村为例[J].云南行政学院学报,2007(3):108.
(2)何泽中.探索农村基层治理与脱贫致富结合之路[J].当代中国史研究,2011(1):27.
(3)陈惠敏.贫困地区精准扶贫与农村社区协同发展的思考[J].中国农业资源与区划,2016(9):10.
(4)吕方,梅琳.“精准扶贫”不是什么?---农村转型视阈下的中国农村贫困治理[J].新视野,2017(2):37.
(1)中国政府网.中办国办印发意见支持深度贫困地区脱贫攻坚[EB/OL].(2017-11-21).http:∥www.gov.cn/xinwen/2017-11/21/content_5241334.html.
(2)中华人民共和国民政部网.民政部关于推进深度贫困地区民政领域脱贫攻坚工作的意见[EB/OL].(2018-04-07).http:∥xxgk.mca.gov.cn:8081/n1360/150394.html.
(1)赵煜.云南农村社区治理个案研究[J].云南行政学院学报,2006(4):128.
(1)黄承伟.党的十八大以来脱贫攻坚理论创新和实践创新总结[J].中国农业大学学报(社会科学版),2017(5):6.