婚姻质量与亲子关系的主-客体互倚模型分析:儿童意志控制的调节
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摘要
目的:运用主-客体互倚模型考察婚姻质量和亲子关系的关系以及儿童意志控制的调节。方法:以307位学前儿童以及父母为对象,用夫妻双向适应量表、亲子关系量表和儿童行为问卷分别来测量父母婚姻质量、亲子关系和儿童的意志控制。结果:①父母婚姻质量均与自身亲子亲密显著正相关,与自身亲子冲突显著负相关;而与配偶亲子关系质量相关不显著。②相对于高意志控制儿童,低意志控制儿童的母亲的婚姻质量对其亲子亲密和亲子冲突的预测力度更强。结论:父母婚姻质量与亲子关系的关系主要表现为主体效应且母亲婚姻质量与亲子关系的关系会受到儿童意志控制的调节。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between parental marital quality and parent-child relationship and whether this relationship would be moderated by child effortful control. Methods: A total of 307 Chinese preschool children and their parents participated. The Dyadic Adjustment Scale was used to measure parental marital quality, and Child-Parent Relations Scale was used to measure parent-child relationship, and Child Behavior Questionnaire was used to assess children's effortful control. Results: ①After the family socioeconomic status and child gender were controlled, parental marital quality was positively associated with their own parent-child closeness, and negatively associated with parent-child conflict; ②Compared to children who had high effortful control, the strengths of associations between maternal marital quality and mother-child closeness and conflict were much stronger for children with low effortful control. Conclusion: Our findings support the spillover but not crossover effects across marital subsystem and parent-child system, and children's effortful control moderates such effects.
Objective: To investigate the relationship between parental marital quality and parent-child relationship and whether this relationship would be moderated by child effortful control. Methods: A total of 307 Chinese preschool children and their parents participated. The Dyadic Adjustment Scale was used to measure parental marital quality, and Child-Parent Relations Scale was used to measure parent-child relationship, and Child Behavior Questionnaire was used to assess children's effortful control. Results: ①After the family socioeconomic status and child gender were controlled, parental marital quality was positively associated with their own parent-child closeness, and negatively associated with parent-child conflict; ②Compared to children who had high effortful control, the strengths of associations between maternal marital quality and mother-child closeness and conflict were much stronger for children with low effortful control. Conclusion: Our findings support the spillover but not crossover effects across marital subsystem and parent-child system, and children's effortful control moderates such effects.
引文
1 Johnson BE, Ray WA. Family Systems Theory. New Jersey:John Wiley&Sons, Inc, 2016:337-339
2 Gerard JM, Krishnakumar A, Buehler C. Marital conflict,parent-child relations, and youth maladjustment a longitudinal investigation of spillover effects. Journal of Family Issues, 2006, 27(7):951-975
3 梁宗保,张光珍,邓慧华,等.从婚姻关系到亲子关系:父母情绪表达的中介作用.心理学报, 2013, 45(12):1355-1367
4 Kouros CD, Papp LM, Goeke-morey MC, et al. Spillover between marital quality and parent-child relationship quality:parental depressive symptoms as moderators. Journal of Family Psycholog, 2014, 28(3):315-325
5 Pedro MF, Ribeiro TM, Shelton KH. Marital satisfaction and partners’parenting practices:the mediating role of coparenting behavior. Journal of Family Psychology, 2012, 26(4):509-522
6 Kenny DA, Cook W. Partner effects in relationship research:conceptual issues, analytic difficulties, and illustrations.Personal Relationships, 1999, 6(4):433-448
7 Cook W, Kenny DA. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model:A model of bidirectional effects in developmental studies. International Journal of Behavioral Development,2005, 29(2):101-109
8 Gartstein MA, Bridgett DJ, Young BN, et al. Origins of effortful control:infant and parent contributions. Infancy, 2013,18(2):149-183
9 梁宗保,张安慰,张光珍,等.父母婚姻质量与儿童行为问题的追踪研究:儿童意志控制的调节作用.心理发展与教育, 2013, 29(5):525-532
10 Kevin M, David. Maternal reports of marital quality and preschoolers’positive peer relations:the moderating roles of effortful control, positive emotionality, and gender. Journal of Positive Psychology, 2009, 4(2):168-181
11 Ato E, Galián MD, Fernández-Vilar MA. The moderating role of children’s effortful control in the relation between marital adjustment and parenting. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 2015, 24(11):3341-3349
12 Roisman GI, Newman DA, Fraley RC, et al. Distinguishing differential susceptibility from diathesis-stress:recommendations for evaluating interaction effects. Development and Psychopathology, 2012, 24(2):389-409
13 Ormel J, Jeronimus BF, Kotov R, et al. Neuroticism and common mental disorders:meaning and utility of a complex relationship. Clinical Psychology Review, 2013, 33(5):686-697
14 Spanier GB. Measuring dyadic adjustment:New scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 1976, 38(1):15-28
15 Shigeto A, Mangelsdorf SC, Brown GL. Roles of family cohesiveness, marital adjustment, and child temperament in predicting child behavior with mothers and fathers. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 2012, 10:1-21
16 Chang L, Lansford JE, Schwartz D, et al. Marital quality, maternal depressed affect, harsh parenting, and child externalising in Hong Kong Chinese families. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2004, 28(4):311-318.
17 Pianta RC. Child-parent relationship scale.Unpublished Measure, 1992
18 张晓,陈会昌.关系因素与个体因素在儿童早期社会能力中的作用.心理发展与教育, 2008, 24(4):19-24
19 张晓,陈会昌,张桂芳.母子关系、师生关系与儿童入园第一年的问题行为.心理学报, 2008, 40(4):418-426
20 Rothbart MK, Ahadi SA, Hershey KL, et al. Investigations of temperament at three to seven years:the children’s behavior questionnaire. Child Development, 2001, 72(5):1394-1408
21 Bradley RH, Corwyn RF. Socioeconomic status and child development. Annual Review of Psychology, 2002, 53:371-399
22 Garcia RL, Kenny DA, Ledermann T. Moderation in the actor-partner interdependence model. Personal Relationships, 2015, 22(1):8-29
23 刘畅,伍新春.主客体互倚性的成对模式及其检验.心理发展与教育, 2017, 33(1):105-112
24 Liu C, Wu XC. Dyadic effects of marital satisfaction on coparenting in Chinese families:based on the actor-partner interdependence model. International Journal of Psychology,2018, 53(3):210-217
25 刘畅,伍新春.协同教养的研究缘起、结构与评估.中国临床心理学杂志, 2015, 23(1):32-37
26 Cummings EM, Merrilees CE, George MW. Fathers, marriages and families:Revisiting and updating the framework for fathering in family context. In M. Lamb(Ed.). The role of the father in child development(5th). Hoboken, NJ:Wiley,2010. 154-176
27 Wang MF, Liu L. Reciprocal relations between harsh discipline and children’s externalizing behavior in China:A 5-year longitudinal study. Child Development, 2017, 89(1):174-187
28 Ma JLC, Wong TKY, Lau YK, et al. The Effect of socioeconomic status and family structure on parental warmth and parental control in a Chinese context:Implications for social work practice. Asian Social Work and Policy Review, 2012,6:265-281
2 Gerard JM, Krishnakumar A, Buehler C. Marital conflict,parent-child relations, and youth maladjustment a longitudinal investigation of spillover effects. Journal of Family Issues, 2006, 27(7):951-975
3 梁宗保,张光珍,邓慧华,等.从婚姻关系到亲子关系:父母情绪表达的中介作用.心理学报, 2013, 45(12):1355-1367
4 Kouros CD, Papp LM, Goeke-morey MC, et al. Spillover between marital quality and parent-child relationship quality:parental depressive symptoms as moderators. Journal of Family Psycholog, 2014, 28(3):315-325
5 Pedro MF, Ribeiro TM, Shelton KH. Marital satisfaction and partners’parenting practices:the mediating role of coparenting behavior. Journal of Family Psychology, 2012, 26(4):509-522
6 Kenny DA, Cook W. Partner effects in relationship research:conceptual issues, analytic difficulties, and illustrations.Personal Relationships, 1999, 6(4):433-448
7 Cook W, Kenny DA. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model:A model of bidirectional effects in developmental studies. International Journal of Behavioral Development,2005, 29(2):101-109
8 Gartstein MA, Bridgett DJ, Young BN, et al. Origins of effortful control:infant and parent contributions. Infancy, 2013,18(2):149-183
9 梁宗保,张安慰,张光珍,等.父母婚姻质量与儿童行为问题的追踪研究:儿童意志控制的调节作用.心理发展与教育, 2013, 29(5):525-532
10 Kevin M, David. Maternal reports of marital quality and preschoolers’positive peer relations:the moderating roles of effortful control, positive emotionality, and gender. Journal of Positive Psychology, 2009, 4(2):168-181
11 Ato E, Galián MD, Fernández-Vilar MA. The moderating role of children’s effortful control in the relation between marital adjustment and parenting. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 2015, 24(11):3341-3349
12 Roisman GI, Newman DA, Fraley RC, et al. Distinguishing differential susceptibility from diathesis-stress:recommendations for evaluating interaction effects. Development and Psychopathology, 2012, 24(2):389-409
13 Ormel J, Jeronimus BF, Kotov R, et al. Neuroticism and common mental disorders:meaning and utility of a complex relationship. Clinical Psychology Review, 2013, 33(5):686-697
14 Spanier GB. Measuring dyadic adjustment:New scales for assessing the quality of marriage and similar dyads. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 1976, 38(1):15-28
15 Shigeto A, Mangelsdorf SC, Brown GL. Roles of family cohesiveness, marital adjustment, and child temperament in predicting child behavior with mothers and fathers. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 2012, 10:1-21
16 Chang L, Lansford JE, Schwartz D, et al. Marital quality, maternal depressed affect, harsh parenting, and child externalising in Hong Kong Chinese families. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2004, 28(4):311-318.
17 Pianta RC. Child-parent relationship scale.Unpublished Measure, 1992
18 张晓,陈会昌.关系因素与个体因素在儿童早期社会能力中的作用.心理发展与教育, 2008, 24(4):19-24
19 张晓,陈会昌,张桂芳.母子关系、师生关系与儿童入园第一年的问题行为.心理学报, 2008, 40(4):418-426
20 Rothbart MK, Ahadi SA, Hershey KL, et al. Investigations of temperament at three to seven years:the children’s behavior questionnaire. Child Development, 2001, 72(5):1394-1408
21 Bradley RH, Corwyn RF. Socioeconomic status and child development. Annual Review of Psychology, 2002, 53:371-399
22 Garcia RL, Kenny DA, Ledermann T. Moderation in the actor-partner interdependence model. Personal Relationships, 2015, 22(1):8-29
23 刘畅,伍新春.主客体互倚性的成对模式及其检验.心理发展与教育, 2017, 33(1):105-112
24 Liu C, Wu XC. Dyadic effects of marital satisfaction on coparenting in Chinese families:based on the actor-partner interdependence model. International Journal of Psychology,2018, 53(3):210-217
25 刘畅,伍新春.协同教养的研究缘起、结构与评估.中国临床心理学杂志, 2015, 23(1):32-37
26 Cummings EM, Merrilees CE, George MW. Fathers, marriages and families:Revisiting and updating the framework for fathering in family context. In M. Lamb(Ed.). The role of the father in child development(5th). Hoboken, NJ:Wiley,2010. 154-176
27 Wang MF, Liu L. Reciprocal relations between harsh discipline and children’s externalizing behavior in China:A 5-year longitudinal study. Child Development, 2017, 89(1):174-187
28 Ma JLC, Wong TKY, Lau YK, et al. The Effect of socioeconomic status and family structure on parental warmth and parental control in a Chinese context:Implications for social work practice. Asian Social Work and Policy Review, 2012,6:265-281