不同施硼方式对枳橙砧木生理生化特性的影响
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摘要
以枳橙砧木为试验材料,设置根施与叶施2种施硼方式,研究不同施硼方式对枳橙砧木的农艺性状、干物质积累量、不同器官各元素(B、K、Ca、Mg)含量以及叶片中糖类、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)和叶片伤害率的影响。结果表明:叶施硼显著增加枳橙幼苗茎和叶的干物质质量、总干物质质量和株高,并促进根系的生长;叶片中的B含量提高126.5%,1.3%的B在茎中转移积累,但叶施硼使枳橙根部B含量降低11.1%;叶片中K、Ca、Mg含量均显著高于对照。根施硼各元素(B、K、Ca、Mg)含量均显著高于叶施硼处理(除叶片外);叶片中糖类、MDA、Pro含量和叶片伤害率在施硼后均下降。因此,叶施硼在维持叶片各元素平衡、糖类物质合成和提高叶片抗逆性方面有较好的效果,但叶施硼会降低根系硼含量、加重根系缺硼。
Trifoliate orange was used to set the foliar application and root application with H3BO3.The effects of different ways of applying boron on agronomic traits of trifoliate orange,dry matter accumulation,the contents of boron(B),potassium(K),calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg)in different parts,and contents of the sugar,malondialdehyde(MDA),proline(Pro)and the injured rate in the leaves were studied.The results showed that different fertilization methods led to quite different results.Foliar boron significantly increased dry weight of stem and leaf of trifoliate orange seedling,total dry weight and height,and promoted the growth of root.Concentration of boron in leaves increased by 126.5%.There was 1.3% boron in stems metastasis and accumulation.Foliar applied boron made boron content decrease by 11.1%in trifoliate orange roots.Contents of K,Ca and Mg in leaves under foliar boron were significantly higher than that of CK.Contents of elements were significantly higher by root giving boron than that by foliar boron(except leaf).Contents of sugar,MDA,Pro and injury rates in leaves decreased after applying boron.Foliar boron had a good effect in maintaining the balance of the elements in leaves,carbohydrate synthesis and improving the stress resistance of leaves.It can reduce the content of boron in root and aggravate boron deficiency.
Trifoliate orange was used to set the foliar application and root application with H3BO3.The effects of different ways of applying boron on agronomic traits of trifoliate orange,dry matter accumulation,the contents of boron(B),potassium(K),calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg)in different parts,and contents of the sugar,malondialdehyde(MDA),proline(Pro)and the injured rate in the leaves were studied.The results showed that different fertilization methods led to quite different results.Foliar boron significantly increased dry weight of stem and leaf of trifoliate orange seedling,total dry weight and height,and promoted the growth of root.Concentration of boron in leaves increased by 126.5%.There was 1.3% boron in stems metastasis and accumulation.Foliar applied boron made boron content decrease by 11.1%in trifoliate orange roots.Contents of K,Ca and Mg in leaves under foliar boron were significantly higher than that of CK.Contents of elements were significantly higher by root giving boron than that by foliar boron(except leaf).Contents of sugar,MDA,Pro and injury rates in leaves decreased after applying boron.Foliar boron had a good effect in maintaining the balance of the elements in leaves,carbohydrate synthesis and improving the stress resistance of leaves.It can reduce the content of boron in root and aggravate boron deficiency.
引文
[1]董肖昌,姜存仓,刘桂东,等.低硼胁迫对根系调控及生理代谢的影响研究进展[J].华中农业大学学报,2014,33(3):133-137.
[2]KAUCH I H,KUMAZAWA K.Anatomical responses of root tips to boron deficiency:Ⅲ.Effect of boron deficiency on elongation of root tips and their morphological characteristics[J].Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,1976,22:53-57.
[3]王瑞东,姜存仓,刘桂东,等.硼胁迫下植物生理调控机制的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(18):12-16.
[4]李艳婷,李秀英,肖艳,等.叶面肥的营养机理及应用研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(1):162-172.
[5]LIU G D,WANG R D,WU L S,et al.Boron distribution and mobility in Navel orange grafted on citrange and trifoliate orange[J].Plant and Soil,2012,360:123-133.
[6]SHOKROLLAH H,ABDULLAH T L,SIJAM K,et al.Potential use of selected citrus rootstocks and interstocks against HLB disease[J].Crop Protection,2011,30:521-525.
[7]朱世平,陈娇,刘小丰,等.15种柑橘砧木出苗期耐盐碱性评价[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,3(6):47-52.
[8]王瑞东,姜存仓,刘桂东,等.赣南脐橙产区果园土壤有效硼含量的现状与分析[J].中国南方果树,2011,4(4):1-3,7.
[9]刘桂东,姜存仓,王运华,等.硼对两种不同砧木“纽荷尔”脐橙叶片硼形态影响的差异[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(5):982-989.
[10]GARCA-LUIS A,OLIVEIRA M E M,BORDN Y,et al.Dry matter accumulation in citrus fruit is not limited by transport capacity of the pedicel[J].Annals of Botany,2002,90:755-764.
[11]王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[12]张君,危常州,梁远航,等.陆地棉对叶面施硼的吸收和分配[J].棉花学报,2012,24(4):331-335.
[13]YAMAUCHI T,HARA T,SONODA Y.Effects of boron deficiency and calcium supply on the calcium metabolism in tomato plant[J].Plant and Soil,1986,93(2):223-230.
[14]CAKMAK I,KURZ H,MARSCHNER H.Short-term effects of boron,germanium and high light intensity on membrane permeability in boron deficient leaves of sunflower[J].Physiologia Planetarium,1995,95(1):11-18.
[15]DELL B,HUANG L.Physiological response of plant to low boron[J].Plant and Soil,1997,193:103-120.
[16]刘武定,皮美美,吴礼树.棉花硼、钾营养相互关系的研究[J].土壤学报,1987,24(1):43-50.
[17]王震宇,张福锁,王贺,等.缺硼与低温对黄瓜幼苗—些生理反应的影响[J].植物生理学报,1998,11(1):831-841.
[18]FERROL N,BELVER A,ROLDAN M,et al.Effects of boron on proton transport and membrane properties of sunflower(Helianthus annus L.)cell microtomes[J].Plant Physiology,1993,103:763-769.
[19]年夫照,石磊,徐芳森,等.硼镁营养对不同硼效率甘蓝型油菜品种苗期硼形态的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2004,10(6):633-637.
[20]刘桂东,姜存仓,王运华,等.缺硼条件下两种不同砧木“纽荷尔”脐橙矿质元素含量变化的比较[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(1):180-185.
[21]肖佳欣,严翔,彭抒昂,等.赣南华盛顿脐橙果实发育中几种矿质营养含量动态的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(1):134-138.
[22]盛鸥,严翔,彭抒昂,等.纽荷尔脐橙果实发育期叶片不同形态硼含量与缺硼的关系[J].园艺学报,2007,34(5):1103-1110.
[23]沈洪波,陈学森,张艳敏.果树抗寒性的遗传与育种研究进展[J].果树学报,2002,19(5):292-297.
[24]杨洪兵,韩振海,徐雪峰.NaCl和等渗聚乙二醇对苹果属植物游离脯氨酸含量的影响[J].植物生理学通讯,2005,41(20):157-162.
[2]KAUCH I H,KUMAZAWA K.Anatomical responses of root tips to boron deficiency:Ⅲ.Effect of boron deficiency on elongation of root tips and their morphological characteristics[J].Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,1976,22:53-57.
[3]王瑞东,姜存仓,刘桂东,等.硼胁迫下植物生理调控机制的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(18):12-16.
[4]李艳婷,李秀英,肖艳,等.叶面肥的营养机理及应用研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(1):162-172.
[5]LIU G D,WANG R D,WU L S,et al.Boron distribution and mobility in Navel orange grafted on citrange and trifoliate orange[J].Plant and Soil,2012,360:123-133.
[6]SHOKROLLAH H,ABDULLAH T L,SIJAM K,et al.Potential use of selected citrus rootstocks and interstocks against HLB disease[J].Crop Protection,2011,30:521-525.
[7]朱世平,陈娇,刘小丰,等.15种柑橘砧木出苗期耐盐碱性评价[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,3(6):47-52.
[8]王瑞东,姜存仓,刘桂东,等.赣南脐橙产区果园土壤有效硼含量的现状与分析[J].中国南方果树,2011,4(4):1-3,7.
[9]刘桂东,姜存仓,王运华,等.硼对两种不同砧木“纽荷尔”脐橙叶片硼形态影响的差异[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(5):982-989.
[10]GARCA-LUIS A,OLIVEIRA M E M,BORDN Y,et al.Dry matter accumulation in citrus fruit is not limited by transport capacity of the pedicel[J].Annals of Botany,2002,90:755-764.
[11]王学奎.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[12]张君,危常州,梁远航,等.陆地棉对叶面施硼的吸收和分配[J].棉花学报,2012,24(4):331-335.
[13]YAMAUCHI T,HARA T,SONODA Y.Effects of boron deficiency and calcium supply on the calcium metabolism in tomato plant[J].Plant and Soil,1986,93(2):223-230.
[14]CAKMAK I,KURZ H,MARSCHNER H.Short-term effects of boron,germanium and high light intensity on membrane permeability in boron deficient leaves of sunflower[J].Physiologia Planetarium,1995,95(1):11-18.
[15]DELL B,HUANG L.Physiological response of plant to low boron[J].Plant and Soil,1997,193:103-120.
[16]刘武定,皮美美,吴礼树.棉花硼、钾营养相互关系的研究[J].土壤学报,1987,24(1):43-50.
[17]王震宇,张福锁,王贺,等.缺硼与低温对黄瓜幼苗—些生理反应的影响[J].植物生理学报,1998,11(1):831-841.
[18]FERROL N,BELVER A,ROLDAN M,et al.Effects of boron on proton transport and membrane properties of sunflower(Helianthus annus L.)cell microtomes[J].Plant Physiology,1993,103:763-769.
[19]年夫照,石磊,徐芳森,等.硼镁营养对不同硼效率甘蓝型油菜品种苗期硼形态的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2004,10(6):633-637.
[20]刘桂东,姜存仓,王运华,等.缺硼条件下两种不同砧木“纽荷尔”脐橙矿质元素含量变化的比较[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(1):180-185.
[21]肖佳欣,严翔,彭抒昂,等.赣南华盛顿脐橙果实发育中几种矿质营养含量动态的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(1):134-138.
[22]盛鸥,严翔,彭抒昂,等.纽荷尔脐橙果实发育期叶片不同形态硼含量与缺硼的关系[J].园艺学报,2007,34(5):1103-1110.
[23]沈洪波,陈学森,张艳敏.果树抗寒性的遗传与育种研究进展[J].果树学报,2002,19(5):292-297.
[24]杨洪兵,韩振海,徐雪峰.NaCl和等渗聚乙二醇对苹果属植物游离脯氨酸含量的影响[J].植物生理学通讯,2005,41(20):157-162.