渤南区域中轻质油田相渗规律影响因素研究
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摘要
相渗透率研究是油田开发方案编制和生产管理不可缺少的基础工作,在注水开发油田中,由于中轻质油田相对稠油油田具有较长的无水采油期或低含水期,而常规的非稳态实验中相渗数据点在中高含水饱和度处较为集中,因此采用此方法获取的相渗数据直接应用到中轻质油田生产动态分析及数模拟合中误差较大。针对以上问题,对渤南区域中轻质油田分别采用稳态与非稳态两种实验方法获取相渗数据并开展研究,结果表明:当地层原油黏度小于6 m Pa·s时,两种实验方法结果差异较大,宜采用稳态法;当原油黏度高于6 m Pa·s时,差异可忽略不计,宜采用非稳态法代替稳态法。研究发现,非润湿相黏度、沉积相特征、润湿性、温度等因素对中轻质油藏相渗曲线形态及含水上升规律都有不同程度的影响,在油田开发研究中应综合考虑。
The relative permeability curve is the basis for studying the two-phase flow in reservoir. It is an indispensable and important data for numerical simulation and dynamic analysis of oilfields. At present,the researches on the relative permeability both domestic and overseas were mainly given priority to the methods of dealing with the relative permeability data or the application of the relative permeability curve,the paper about the experimental methods was likely rare. For the moment,the most immediate method for obtaining the data of relative permeability is the experimental of non-steady-state. This method is simple to operate with short time and has universal applicability. However,since the experimental points of nonsteady state method are often concentrated after oil and water both coming out,resulting in the data of the oil-water front are less. The impact is relatively small for the heavy oilfield,but for medium-light oil fields,it cannot be ignored. The viscosity ratio of water-oil in medium-light oil field is relatively high,the fractional flow rate curve has a stronger concave shape. Compared with the heavy oilfield,those oilfields have a longer water free production or lower water cut periods with same physical conditions and development methods. The non-steady state method application in medium-light oil field may cause deviation,resulting in difficulties to accurately understand the law of water rising. In this paper,the steady-state and unsteady state method were used to obtain the relative permeability data. The results show that the two methods are quite different when the viscosity of the crude oil in the formation is less than6 m Pa·s. Steady state method should be adopted. When the viscosity is higher than 6 m Pa · s,the difference can be ignored and non-steady state method should be adopted instead. Based on the abovementioned interpretation,the research on the main controlling factors influencing the relative permeability of medium-light oil fields was carried out. The results show that the viscosity of non-wetting phase,the characteristics of sedimentary facies, the temperature and wettability played important role on the phase-permeability curve and the law of water rising. This article dedicates to give a complete description on relative permeability curve in medium-light oil field,which is of great significance for numerical simulation and dynamic analysis.
The relative permeability curve is the basis for studying the two-phase flow in reservoir. It is an indispensable and important data for numerical simulation and dynamic analysis of oilfields. At present,the researches on the relative permeability both domestic and overseas were mainly given priority to the methods of dealing with the relative permeability data or the application of the relative permeability curve,the paper about the experimental methods was likely rare. For the moment,the most immediate method for obtaining the data of relative permeability is the experimental of non-steady-state. This method is simple to operate with short time and has universal applicability. However,since the experimental points of nonsteady state method are often concentrated after oil and water both coming out,resulting in the data of the oil-water front are less. The impact is relatively small for the heavy oilfield,but for medium-light oil fields,it cannot be ignored. The viscosity ratio of water-oil in medium-light oil field is relatively high,the fractional flow rate curve has a stronger concave shape. Compared with the heavy oilfield,those oilfields have a longer water free production or lower water cut periods with same physical conditions and development methods. The non-steady state method application in medium-light oil field may cause deviation,resulting in difficulties to accurately understand the law of water rising. In this paper,the steady-state and unsteady state method were used to obtain the relative permeability data. The results show that the two methods are quite different when the viscosity of the crude oil in the formation is less than6 m Pa·s. Steady state method should be adopted. When the viscosity is higher than 6 m Pa · s,the difference can be ignored and non-steady state method should be adopted instead. Based on the abovementioned interpretation,the research on the main controlling factors influencing the relative permeability of medium-light oil fields was carried out. The results show that the viscosity of non-wetting phase,the characteristics of sedimentary facies, the temperature and wettability played important role on the phase-permeability curve and the law of water rising. This article dedicates to give a complete description on relative permeability curve in medium-light oil field,which is of great significance for numerical simulation and dynamic analysis.
引文
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[9]李金宜,陈丹磬,朱文森,等.一种对残余油饱和度合理值范围的预判方法[J].断块油气田,2016,23(3):386-389.Li Jinyi,Chen Danqing,Zhu Wensen,et al.A Prejudge Way for Reasonable Value Range of Irreducible Oil Saturation[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2016,23(3):386-389.
[10]张金庆,孙福街,安桂荣.水驱油田含水上升规律和递减规律研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(6):82-85.Zhang Jinqing,Sun Fujie,An Guirong.Study on Incremental Law of Water Cut and Decline Law in Water Drive Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2011,18(6):82-85.
[11]张金庆,孙福街.相渗曲线和水驱曲线与水驱储量的关系[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(6):629-631.Zhang Jinqing,Sun Fujie.Quantitative Relationship Between Relative Permeability Curve,Water Drive Curve and Waterflood Reserve[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2010,31(6):629-631.
[12]刘吉余,徐浩,刘曼玉.根据相渗曲线研究不同砂体水淹层解释标准方法[J].西部探矿工程,2010,22(2):64-65.Liu Jiyu,Xu Hao,Liu Manyu.Standard Method for Interpreting Water Flood Layer of Different Sand Body According to Relative Permeability Curve[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2010,22(2):64-65.
[13]马艳丽,赵忠军,张振红,等.低渗低黏度油藏相渗曲线计算方法---丁型水驱特征曲线法[J].油气藏评价与开发,2012,(6):28-31.Ma Yanli,Zhao Zhongjun,Zhang Zhenhong,et al.Relative Permeability Curve Computing Method in Low Permeability and Viscosity Reservoirs-TypeⅣWater Drive Characteristic Curve Method[J].Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2012,(6):28-31.
[14]王守龙,李爱芬,彭锐罡,等,黏度比对稠油-水相相对渗透率曲线的影响[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(33):86-90.Wang Shoulong,Li Aifen,Peng Ruigang,et al.Effect of Oil Water Viscosity Ratio on Heavy Oil-Water Relative Permeability Curve[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(33):86-90.
[15]阳晓燕,杨胜来,李秀峦.稠油相对渗透率曲线影响因素分析[J].断块油气田,2011,18(6):758-760.Yang Xiaoyan,Yang Shenglai,Li Xiuluan.Affecting Factors of Relative Permeability Curve in Heavy Oil Reservoir[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2011,18(6):758-760.
[16]王波,宁正福.不同特征储层相渗曲线的网络模拟研究[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2012,14(1):57-60.Wang Bo,Ning Zhengfu.The Network Simulation Research About Relative Permeability Curves of the Reservoir with Different Characteristics[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science&Technology:Natural Science Edition,2012,14(1):57-60.
[17]冯其红,白军伟.驱替压力梯度对相渗曲线影响的网格模拟[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2011,30(2):84-88.Feng Qihong,Bai Junwei.Network Simulation on Effect of Displacement Pressure Gradient on Relative Permeability Curve[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2011,30(2):84-88.
[18]Xu Jianchun,Guo Chaohua,Jiang Ruizhong,et al.Study on Relative Permeability Characteristics Affected by Displacement Pressure Gradient:Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation[J].Fuel,2016,163:314-323.
[19]周显民,马启贵,徐盛家.油藏润湿性对水驱油效率的影响[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1994,13(1):70-71.Zhou Xianmin,Ma Qigui,Xu Shengjia.Effect of Reservoir Wettability on Waterflooding Efficiency[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,1994,13(1):70-71.
[20]童静.温度对LN油田相渗曲线的影响规律研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2016.Tong Jing.Study on the Influence Law of Temperature on the Phase Infiltration Curve of LN Oilfield[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2016.
[2]Krause M H,Benson S M.Accurate Determination of Characteristic Relative Permeability Curves[J].Advances in Water Resources,2015,83:376-388.
[3]高文君,姚江荣,公学成,等.水驱油田油水相对渗透率曲线研究[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(5):552-557.Gao Wenjun,Yao Jiangrong,Gong Xuecheng,et al.Study on Oil-Water Relative Permeability Curves in Water Flooding Oilfields[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(5):552-557.
[4]陈忠,殷宜平,陈浩.非稳态法计算油水相对渗透率的方法探讨[J].断块油气田,2005,12(1):41-43.Chen Zhong,Yin Yiping,Chen Hao.The Calculation Method of Oil-Water Relative Permeability by Unsteady-State[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2005,12(1):41-43.
[5]董大鹏.非稳态相渗实验数据的处理方法[J].西南石油大学学报:自然科学版,2014,36(6):110-116.Dong Dapeng.Processing Method to the Data of Relative Permeability in Unsteady State Displacement[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University:Science&Technology Edition,2014,36(6):110-116.
[6]彭彩珍,薛晓宁,王凤兰,等.非稳态法油水相对渗透率实验数据处理方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2018,37(2):74-78.Peng Caizhen,Xue Xiaoning,Wang Fenglan,et al.Experimental Data Processing Method of the Oil-Water Relative Permeabilities by Unsteady State Method[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2018,37(2):74-78.
[7]雷霄,查玉强,姜平,等.一种改进的油水相渗实验末端效应校正方法[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(5):49-53.Lei Xiao,Zha Yuqiang,Jiang Ping,et al.An Improved Correction Method for End-Effect in Oil-Water Relative Permeability Experiment[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(5):49-53.
[8]陈丹磬.基于常规孔渗定量预判束缚水饱和度合理值范围[J].断块油气田,2016,23(1):77-80.Chen Danqing.Reasonable Value Estimation of Irreducible Water Saturation by Porosity and Permeability Characteristics[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2016,23(1):77-80.
[9]李金宜,陈丹磬,朱文森,等.一种对残余油饱和度合理值范围的预判方法[J].断块油气田,2016,23(3):386-389.Li Jinyi,Chen Danqing,Zhu Wensen,et al.A Prejudge Way for Reasonable Value Range of Irreducible Oil Saturation[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2016,23(3):386-389.
[10]张金庆,孙福街,安桂荣.水驱油田含水上升规律和递减规律研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(6):82-85.Zhang Jinqing,Sun Fujie,An Guirong.Study on Incremental Law of Water Cut and Decline Law in Water Drive Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2011,18(6):82-85.
[11]张金庆,孙福街.相渗曲线和水驱曲线与水驱储量的关系[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(6):629-631.Zhang Jinqing,Sun Fujie.Quantitative Relationship Between Relative Permeability Curve,Water Drive Curve and Waterflood Reserve[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2010,31(6):629-631.
[12]刘吉余,徐浩,刘曼玉.根据相渗曲线研究不同砂体水淹层解释标准方法[J].西部探矿工程,2010,22(2):64-65.Liu Jiyu,Xu Hao,Liu Manyu.Standard Method for Interpreting Water Flood Layer of Different Sand Body According to Relative Permeability Curve[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2010,22(2):64-65.
[13]马艳丽,赵忠军,张振红,等.低渗低黏度油藏相渗曲线计算方法---丁型水驱特征曲线法[J].油气藏评价与开发,2012,(6):28-31.Ma Yanli,Zhao Zhongjun,Zhang Zhenhong,et al.Relative Permeability Curve Computing Method in Low Permeability and Viscosity Reservoirs-TypeⅣWater Drive Characteristic Curve Method[J].Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2012,(6):28-31.
[14]王守龙,李爱芬,彭锐罡,等,黏度比对稠油-水相相对渗透率曲线的影响[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(33):86-90.Wang Shoulong,Li Aifen,Peng Ruigang,et al.Effect of Oil Water Viscosity Ratio on Heavy Oil-Water Relative Permeability Curve[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(33):86-90.
[15]阳晓燕,杨胜来,李秀峦.稠油相对渗透率曲线影响因素分析[J].断块油气田,2011,18(6):758-760.Yang Xiaoyan,Yang Shenglai,Li Xiuluan.Affecting Factors of Relative Permeability Curve in Heavy Oil Reservoir[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2011,18(6):758-760.
[16]王波,宁正福.不同特征储层相渗曲线的网络模拟研究[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2012,14(1):57-60.Wang Bo,Ning Zhengfu.The Network Simulation Research About Relative Permeability Curves of the Reservoir with Different Characteristics[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science&Technology:Natural Science Edition,2012,14(1):57-60.
[17]冯其红,白军伟.驱替压力梯度对相渗曲线影响的网格模拟[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2011,30(2):84-88.Feng Qihong,Bai Junwei.Network Simulation on Effect of Displacement Pressure Gradient on Relative Permeability Curve[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2011,30(2):84-88.
[18]Xu Jianchun,Guo Chaohua,Jiang Ruizhong,et al.Study on Relative Permeability Characteristics Affected by Displacement Pressure Gradient:Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation[J].Fuel,2016,163:314-323.
[19]周显民,马启贵,徐盛家.油藏润湿性对水驱油效率的影响[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1994,13(1):70-71.Zhou Xianmin,Ma Qigui,Xu Shengjia.Effect of Reservoir Wettability on Waterflooding Efficiency[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,1994,13(1):70-71.
[20]童静.温度对LN油田相渗曲线的影响规律研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2016.Tong Jing.Study on the Influence Law of Temperature on the Phase Infiltration Curve of LN Oilfield[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2016.