伴生气在原油生产过程的回收利用
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摘要
安塞油田2017年伴生气总量约65.64×10~4m~3/d,其中利用部分包括一级利用(轻油、液化气)和二级利用(燃烧加热、燃气发电、CNG站),利用率为79.0%。未利用部分包括放空燃烧和储油罐挥发,另外还存在一级利用装置利用率低、井组伴生气回收手段不足等问题。将油田伴生气进行回收利用不但具有可观的经济效益,而且还有重要的环保意义。2018年安塞油田成立了伴生气综合利用领导小组,全面开展伴生气资源普查,建立井组定压阀集气、站点压缩机增压分输、集中区域轻烃厂回收、分散小区域混烃回收等模式,通过安装定压阀、优化同步回转装置、集气管线利旧、敷设集气管线实现油气增(自)压分输,确保伴生气全面回收。2018年伴生气回收利用率达到89.5%,年综合创效1571万元。今后要进一步找出不同开发阶段气量的变化规律,加大井下油气混采、地面油气混输技术论证和攻关,进一步推进原油稳定与伴生气综合利用工作,实现原油稳定率及伴生气综合利用率均达到95%以上。同时要建立健全各项管理制度、操作规程和应急救援体系,从源头规范伴生气回收方案设计等。
The total associated gas in Ansai Oilfield was about 65.64 ×10~4 m~3/d in 2017.Among them,the associated gas utilized was for primary utilization(light oil and liquefied petroleum gas) and secondary utilization(combustion heating,gas power generation and CNG station),with a utilization rate of 79.0%,and the associated gas unutilized was for flaring and the volatilization of oil tanks.Also there were such problems as the low utilization rate of primary utilization unit and the lack of recovery means for well group associated gas.The recovery and utilization of oilfield associated gas has not only considerable economic benefits but also impor-tant environmental significance.In 2018,a leading group was established in Ansai Oilfield for the comprehensive utilization of associated gas.An investigation was carried out on associated gas resources,some modes such as gas collection by constant pressure valve in well groups,pressurized transmission by station compressors,recovery of light hydrocarbon in centralized areas and recovery of mixed hydrocarbons in decentralized small areas were established,and the pressurized transmission of oil and gas was achieved by installing constant pressure valves,optimizing synchronous slewing devices,reusing gas collection pipelines and laying gas collection pipelines,so as to ensure the full recovery of associated gas.In 2018,the recovery rate of associated gas reached 89.5% and the annual comprehensive economic benefit was 15.71 million yuan.In the future,it is necessary to further find out the variation law of gas volume in different development stages,enhance the demonstration and technological research on underground oil and gas mixed production technology and surface oil and gas mixed transportation technology,further promote crude oil stabilization and the comprehensive utilization of associated gas,and improve the stability of crude oil and the comprehensive utilization rate of associated gas to higher than 95%.At the same time,it is necessary to establish and improve various management systems,operational procedures and emergency rescue systems,and to standardize the design of associated gas recovery plan from the source.
The total associated gas in Ansai Oilfield was about 65.64 ×10~4 m~3/d in 2017.Among them,the associated gas utilized was for primary utilization(light oil and liquefied petroleum gas) and secondary utilization(combustion heating,gas power generation and CNG station),with a utilization rate of 79.0%,and the associated gas unutilized was for flaring and the volatilization of oil tanks.Also there were such problems as the low utilization rate of primary utilization unit and the lack of recovery means for well group associated gas.The recovery and utilization of oilfield associated gas has not only considerable economic benefits but also impor-tant environmental significance.In 2018,a leading group was established in Ansai Oilfield for the comprehensive utilization of associated gas.An investigation was carried out on associated gas resources,some modes such as gas collection by constant pressure valve in well groups,pressurized transmission by station compressors,recovery of light hydrocarbon in centralized areas and recovery of mixed hydrocarbons in decentralized small areas were established,and the pressurized transmission of oil and gas was achieved by installing constant pressure valves,optimizing synchronous slewing devices,reusing gas collection pipelines and laying gas collection pipelines,so as to ensure the full recovery of associated gas.In 2018,the recovery rate of associated gas reached 89.5% and the annual comprehensive economic benefit was 15.71 million yuan.In the future,it is necessary to further find out the variation law of gas volume in different development stages,enhance the demonstration and technological research on underground oil and gas mixed production technology and surface oil and gas mixed transportation technology,further promote crude oil stabilization and the comprehensive utilization of associated gas,and improve the stability of crude oil and the comprehensive utilization rate of associated gas to higher than 95%.At the same time,it is necessary to establish and improve various management systems,operational procedures and emergency rescue systems,and to standardize the design of associated gas recovery plan from the source.
引文
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