鄂尔多斯盆地志丹—富县地区三叠系延长组长8油层组风暴沉积特征及意义
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摘要
根据露头勘查和岩心观察描述,系统分析了鄂尔多斯盆地志丹—富县地区延长组长8油层组风暴沉积的特征及沉积模式。分析表明,风暴岩的岩性以细砂岩和泥质粉砂岩为主,缺乏粗粒沉积,沉积构造主要包括截切构造、"V"字形泥砾、泥岩撕裂屑、冲刷面、丘状和洼状交错层理、浪成沙纹层理、波状交错层理、准同生变形构造等。风暴沉积序列在垂向上具备"似鲍马序列"的特征,自下而上可划分为底面侵蚀构造段(A段)、平行层理段(B段)、丘状和洼状交错层理段(C段)、浪成沙纹层理段(D段)、波状层理段(E段)和泥岩段(F段)。沉积序列主要包括5种类型,其中Ⅰ型的层理构造(A段—F段)发育齐全,Ⅱ型缺失丘状和洼状层理段、Ⅲ型缺失平行层理段、Ⅳ型缺失底面侵蚀构造和平行层理段、Ⅴ型仅发育浪成沙纹层理、波状层理段和泥岩层段。志丹—富县地区半深湖相的主要物源来自其NE方位的三角洲前缘沉积,根据风暴岩的沉积特征和搬运距离,可将志丹—富县地区发育的风暴岩划分为近源型和远源型2种类型。风暴岩的发现完善了志丹—富县地区沉积体系和沉积演化的认识,并可为古纬度与古环境的恢复、地层的划分与对比提供依据,拓展志丹—富县地区延长组油气勘探的新思路。
According to the outcrop survey and core observation,this study systematically analyzes the sedimentary characteristics and storm deposition model in Chang-8 oil layer,Yanchang Formation,Zhidan-Fuxian area,Ordos Basin.The analysis shows that the lithologies of tempestites are dominated by fine sandstone and argillaceous siltstone,and there are lacks of coarse grain sediments.The sedimentary structures of storm deposition mainly include the truncated structure,V-shaped mud-gravel,mudstone tearing debris,flushing surface,hummocky and swaley cross bedding,wave-ripple lamination,wavy cross bedding,penecontemporaneous structure,and etc.The storm deposition sequence has the characteristics of"Bouma-like sequence"in the vertical direction,which can be divided into five segments:the basal erosion structure(segment A),the parallel bedding(segment B),the hummocky and swaley cross bedding(segment C),wave-ripple lamination(segment D),wavy cross bedding(segment E)and mudstone(segment F)from bottom to top.The sedimentary sequences mainly consist of five types,thereinto typeⅠfully develops bedding structure(from segment A to segment F),typeⅡlacks the hummocky and swaley cross bedding,type Ⅲ lacks the parallel bedding,typeⅣlacks the basal erosion structure and parallel bedding,and type Ⅴ only develops wave-ripple lamination,wavy cross bedding and mudstone.The main provenance of the semi-deep lacustrine sediments in Zhidan-Fuxian area is derived from the northeast delta front.According to the sedimentary characteristics and transport distances of tempestite,the storm deposition developed in ZhidanFuxian area can be divided into proximal type and distal type.The discovery of storm deposition improves the understanding of sedimentary system in Zhidan-Fuxian area,provides a basis for the paleo-latitude and paleo-environment reconstruction and the stratigraphic division and correlation,develops a new idea for oil and gas exploration in Yanchang Formation,Zhidan-Fuxian area.
According to the outcrop survey and core observation,this study systematically analyzes the sedimentary characteristics and storm deposition model in Chang-8 oil layer,Yanchang Formation,Zhidan-Fuxian area,Ordos Basin.The analysis shows that the lithologies of tempestites are dominated by fine sandstone and argillaceous siltstone,and there are lacks of coarse grain sediments.The sedimentary structures of storm deposition mainly include the truncated structure,V-shaped mud-gravel,mudstone tearing debris,flushing surface,hummocky and swaley cross bedding,wave-ripple lamination,wavy cross bedding,penecontemporaneous structure,and etc.The storm deposition sequence has the characteristics of"Bouma-like sequence"in the vertical direction,which can be divided into five segments:the basal erosion structure(segment A),the parallel bedding(segment B),the hummocky and swaley cross bedding(segment C),wave-ripple lamination(segment D),wavy cross bedding(segment E)and mudstone(segment F)from bottom to top.The sedimentary sequences mainly consist of five types,thereinto typeⅠfully develops bedding structure(from segment A to segment F),typeⅡlacks the hummocky and swaley cross bedding,type Ⅲ lacks the parallel bedding,typeⅣlacks the basal erosion structure and parallel bedding,and type Ⅴ only develops wave-ripple lamination,wavy cross bedding and mudstone.The main provenance of the semi-deep lacustrine sediments in Zhidan-Fuxian area is derived from the northeast delta front.According to the sedimentary characteristics and transport distances of tempestite,the storm deposition developed in ZhidanFuxian area can be divided into proximal type and distal type.The discovery of storm deposition improves the understanding of sedimentary system in Zhidan-Fuxian area,provides a basis for the paleo-latitude and paleo-environment reconstruction and the stratigraphic division and correlation,develops a new idea for oil and gas exploration in Yanchang Formation,Zhidan-Fuxian area.
引文
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[2]AIGNER T.Schill-tempestite in oberen Muschelkalk(Trias,SW-Deutschland)[J].Neues Jahrbuch Geology and Palaontologie Abhandlungen,1979,157(2):326-343.
[3]JIANG Zaixing,LIU Hui,ZHANG Shanwen,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of large-scale lacustrine beach-bars and their formation in the Eocene Boxing sag of Bohai Bay Basin,East China[J].Sedimentology,2011,58(5):1087-1112.
[4]WANG Junhui,JIANG Zaixing,ZHANG Yuanfu.Subsurface lacustrine storm-seiche depositional model in the Eocene Lijin sag of the Bohai Bay Basin,East China[J].Sedimentary Geology,2015,328:55-72.
[5]李华启,姜在兴,邢焕清,等.四川盆地西部上三叠统须家河组二段风暴岩沉积特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(1):81-86.LI Huaqi,JIANG Zaixing,XING Huanqing,et al.Characteristics of storm deposits in Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation,Sichuan Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2003,24(1):81-86.
[6]魏小洁,姜在兴,李一凡,等.渤海湾盆地东营凹陷利津洼陷古近系沙河街组湖相风暴沉积特征及控制因素[J].古地理学报,2014,16(3):377-384.WEI Xiaojie,JIANG Zaixing,LI Yifan,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and controlling factors of lacustrine storm deposits of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Lijin sag,Dongying depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2014,16(3):377-384.
[7]魏钦廉,郑荣才,周刚,等.龙门山甘溪组谢家湾段风暴岩沉积特征及其意义[J].中国地质,2011,38(5):1282-1288.WEI Qinlian,ZHENG Rongcai,ZHOU Gang,et al.Clastic tempestite in Xiejiawan Member of Ganxi Formation within Longmenshan area and its significance[J].Geology in China,2011,38(5):1282-1288.
[8]冯娟萍,郭艳琴,余芳.鄂尔多斯盆地富县探区延长组物源与沉积体系分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2013,33(2):178-184.FENG Juanping,GUO Yanqin,YU Fang.Analysis on source and depositional systems of Yanchang Formation of Upper Triassic of Fuxian exploration area in Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2013,33(2):178-184.
[9]郭秋麟,武娜,陈宁生,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组第7油层组致密油资源评价[J].石油学报,2017,38(6):658-665.GUO Qiulin,WU Na,CHEN Ningsheng,et al.An assessment of tight oil resource in 7th oil reservoirs of Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(6):658-665.
[10]王建民,张三.鄂尔多斯盆地伊陕斜坡上的低幅度构造特征及成因探讨[J].地学前缘,2018,25(2):246-253.WANG Jianmin,ZHANG San.Exploring the characteristics and genesis of low amplitude structures on the Yishaan slope,Ordos Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2018,25(2):246-253.
[11]张明震,吉利明,杜宝霞,等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组陆相烃源岩中角质体组分新认识及生烃贡献[J].石油学报,2017,38(5):525-532.ZHANG Mingzhen,JI Liming,DU Baoxia,et al.New understanding to the cutinite from source rocks of Triassic Yanchang Formation and its hydrocarbon-generation contribution[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(5):525-532.
[12]吴浩,张春林,纪友亮,等.致密砂岩孔喉大小表征及对储层物性的控制---以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组为例[J].石油学报,2017,38(8):876-887.WU Hao,ZHANG Chunlin,JI Youliang,et al.Pore-throat size characterization of tight sandstone and its control on reservoir physical properties:a case study of Yanchang Formation,eastern Gansu,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(8):876-887.
[13]魏新善,傅强,淡卫东,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组成岩流体滞留效应与致密砂岩储层成因[J].石油学报,2018,39(8):858-868.WEI Xinshan,FU Qiang,DAN Weidong,et al.Diagenesis fluid stagnation effect and genesis of tight sandstone reservoir in Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(8):858-868.
[14]武富礼,李文厚,李玉宏,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组三角洲沉积及演化[J].古地理学报,2004,6(3):307-315.WU Fuli,LI Wenhou,LI Yuhong,et al.Delta sediments and evolution of the Yanchang Formation of Upper Triassic in Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2004,6(3):307-315.
[15]杨华,傅强,付金华.鄂尔多斯晚三叠世盆地沉积层序与油气成藏[M].北京:地质出版社,2007.YANG Hua,FU Qiang,FU Jinhua.Sedimentary sequence and oil&gas accumulation in Late Triassic Ordos Basin[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2007.
[16]吉利明,祝幼华.鄂尔多斯盆地西南部甘肃西峰地区延长组孢粉组合及古气候研究[J].微体古生物学报,2013,30(4):367-378.JI Liming,ZHU Youhua.Sporo-pollen assemblages and paleoclimate of the Yanchang Formation in the Xifeng area,southwestern Ordos Basin,Gansu province,NW China[J].Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,2013,30(4):367-378.
[17]郑宁,姜在兴,李廷栋,等.渤海湾盆地孤南洼陷沙三中亚段风暴沉积基本特征及其地质意义[J].中国地质,2010,37(4):1191-1198.ZHENG Ning,JIANG Zaixing,LI Tingdong,et al.Basic characteristics of tempestite sediments of Middle Sha 3 Formation in Gunan subsag of Bohai Bay Basin and their geological significance[J].Geology in China,2010,37(4):1191-1198.
[18]张哲,杜远生,舒雪松,等.鄂东南地区早三叠世风暴沉积序列及其环境意义[J].地质科学情报,2006,25(2):29-34.ZHANG Zhe,DU Yuansheng,SHU Xuesong,et al.Sedimentary successions of the Early Triassic tempestite in southeastern Hubei province and their environment significance[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2006,25(2):29-34.
[19]杨宝忠,杨坤光,夏文臣.鄂东黄石地区中上寒武统风暴岩的发现及意义[J].地质科技情报,2007,26(3):33-36.YANG Baozhong,YANG Kunguang,XIA Wenchen.Discovery of Middle-Upper Cambrian tempestites and its significance in Huangshi,eastern Hubei province[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2007,26(3):33-36.
[20]钟建华,倪良田,邵珠福,等.青岛灵山岛下白垩统风暴岩与风暴沉积的发现及意义[J].古地理学报,2016,18(3):381-398.ZHONG Jianhua,NI Liangtian,SHAO Zhufu,et al.Tempestites and storm deposites in the Lower Cretaceous from Lingshan island,Qingdao[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2016,18(3):381-398.
[21]唐武,王英民,袁文芳,等.塔北地区三叠系黄山街组湖相风暴沉积[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2013,44(10):4179-4186.TANG Wu,WANG Yingmin,YUAN Wenfang,et al.Lacustrine storm deposits of Triassic Huangshanjie Formation in northern Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2013,44(10):4179-4186.
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