鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长10油层组沉积特征及物源
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摘要
鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组为大型拗陷湖盆沉积,长10油层组为延长组初始期沉积物。但其物源特征、沉积体系划分、沉积相类型等基础问题尚不清楚,严重制约了全盆地长10油层组的勘探发现。针对这些问题,作者采用了轻重矿物、锆石测年等分析方法,明确了长10油层组主要发育东北、西北、西南三大物源,根据物源特征沉积体系划分为东北、西北和西南沉积体系。综合野外露头、岩心、钻井、测井等资料揭示了长10主要发育河流—三角洲沉积,其中,西北沉积体系主要发育辫状河沉积,东北沉积体系发育曲河流—三角洲沉积,西南沉积体系发育辫状河—三角洲沉积,沉积中心位于太白—宜君一带,为浅湖相沉积。
The Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation was developed within a large depression basin deposits in the Ordos Basin. Chang 10 interval is the initial deposits of Yanchang Formation. However,its source characteristics,the division of sedimentary system and the type of sedimentary facies remain obscure,which,in turn,restricts the exploration and discovery of the Chang 10 interval in the Ordos Basin. Heavy and light minerals,together with zircon dating,suggest that three main provenances developed in the northeast,northwest and southwest of the Chang 10 interval in Ordos Basin. The sedimentary sys-tems were divided into the northeast,northwest and southwest depositional systems,on the basis of the source characteristics. Comprehensive outcrop,core,drilling,logging and other data reveal that Chang10 interval mainly contains fluvial and deltaic deposits. The northwestern depositional system is mainly composed of braided river deposits,while the northeastern depositional system is typified by meandering rivers and delta deposits. The southwestern depositional system is represented by braiding river deltas,with sedimentary center located in Taibai Yijun areas( mostly shallow lacustrine facies).
The Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation was developed within a large depression basin deposits in the Ordos Basin. Chang 10 interval is the initial deposits of Yanchang Formation. However,its source characteristics,the division of sedimentary system and the type of sedimentary facies remain obscure,which,in turn,restricts the exploration and discovery of the Chang 10 interval in the Ordos Basin. Heavy and light minerals,together with zircon dating,suggest that three main provenances developed in the northeast,northwest and southwest of the Chang 10 interval in Ordos Basin. The sedimentary sys-tems were divided into the northeast,northwest and southwest depositional systems,on the basis of the source characteristics. Comprehensive outcrop,core,drilling,logging and other data reveal that Chang10 interval mainly contains fluvial and deltaic deposits. The northwestern depositional system is mainly composed of braided river deposits,while the northeastern depositional system is typified by meandering rivers and delta deposits. The southwestern depositional system is represented by braiding river deltas,with sedimentary center located in Taibai Yijun areas( mostly shallow lacustrine facies).
引文
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王秀娟,李元昊.2013.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组砂岩回弹及其对成藏的作用.低渗透油气田,18(1):41-44.[Wang X J,Li YH.2013.Sandstone rebounding and its effects on oil migration and accumulation in Ordos basin Yanchang formation.Low Permeability Oil and Gas Field,18(1):41-44]
魏斌,魏红红,陈全红,赵虹.2003.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组物源分析.西北大学学报-自然科学版,33(4):447-450.[Wei B,Wei H H,Chen Q H,Zhao H.2003.Sediment provenance analysis of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin.Journal of Northwest University-Natural Science Edition,33(4):447-450]
杨华,张文正,蔺宏斌,吴凯,罗丽荣.2010.鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区长10油源及成藏条件分析.地球化学,39(3):274-279.[Yang H,Zhang W Z,Lin H B,Wu K,Luo L R.2010.Origin of Chang 10 oil reservoir in Northern Shaanxi region of Ordos Basin.Geochimica,39(3):274-279]
杨俊杰.2002.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律.北京:石油工业出版社.[Yang J J.2002.The Tectonic Evolution and Distribution of Oil and Gas in the Ordos Basin.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press]
姚泾利,李渭,王亚玲,姜亭,黄锦绣.2014.陕北地区延长组长101储集层成岩作用与成岩相.地质通报,33(11):1842-1852.[Yao J L,Li W,Wang Y L,Jiang T,Huang J X.2014.Diagenesis and diagenetic facies of the Chang 101Reservoir in northern Shaanxi Province.Geological Bulletin of China,33(11):1842-1852]
张茹,李文厚,张慧元,李春荣,贾春光.2011.安塞油田延长组长101油层段沉积微相特征分析.甘肃地质,20(1):68-74.[Zhang R,Li W H,Zhang H Y,Li C R,Jia C G.2011.Study on the features of sedimentary microfacies of chang 101section of yanchang formation in Ansai oilfield.Gansu Geology,20(1):68-74]
赵红格,刘池洋.2003.物源分析方法及研究进展.沉积学报,21(3):157-159.[Zhao H G,Liu C Y.2003.Approaches and prospects of provenance analysis.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,21(3):157-159]
Hoskin P W O,Schaltegger U.2003.The composition of zircon and igneous and metamorphic petrogenesis.The Mineralogical Society of A-merica,53(1):27-62.
何自新,杨华,袁效奇.2004.鄂尔多斯盆地地质剖面图集.北京:石油工业出版社.[He Z X,Yang H,Yuan X Q.2004.The Atlas of the Geological Section in the Ordos Basin.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press]
李士祥,刘显阳,韩天佑,黄锦绣,焦军.2011.陕北地区延长组长10油层组成藏特征.石油与天然气地质,32(5):698-709.[Li SX,Liu X Y,Han T Y,Huang J X,Jiao J.2011.Characteristics of hydrocarbon Yanchang Fm in the pooling in Chang-10 interval of the northern Shaanxi Province.Oil&Gas Geology,32(5):698-709]
李文厚,庞军刚,曹红霞,肖丽,王若谷.2009.鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世延长期沉积体系及岩相古地理演化.西北大学学报-自然科学版,39(3):501-506.[Li W H,Pang J G,Cao H X,Xiao L,Wang R G.2009.Depositional system and paleogeographic evolution of the late Triassic Yanchang Stage in Ordos Basin.Journal of Northwest University-Natural Science Edition,39(3):501-506]
李玉宏,孟祥振,罗然昊,刘凤妍,姜亭.2013.陕北地区三叠系延长组长10段油藏原油特征及其来源.西安科技大学学报,33(1):33-38.[Li Y H,Meng X Z,Luo R H,Liu F Y,Jiang T.2013.Reservoir crude oil features of the Chang 10 layer in the north of Shaanxi Province.Journal of Xi'An University of Science and Technology,33(1):33-38]
李元昊,王秀娟,梁艳,白嫦娥,王亚玲,邵晓洲.2016.陆相湖盆沉积中心迁移特征及主控因素:以鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组为例.低渗透油气田,3-4:12-16.[Li Y H,Wang X J,Liang Y,Bai C E,Wang Y L,Shao X Z.2016.The characters of depocenter migration and its roles to hydrocarbon accumulation in Terrestrial Lacustrine Basin:Taking the Yanchang formation of triassic in Ordos Basin as an example.Low Permeability Oil and Gas Fields,3-4:12-16]
毛光周,刘池洋.2011.地球化学在物源及沉积背景分析中的应用.地球科学与环境学报,33(4):337-348.[Mao G Z,Liu C Y.2011.Application of geochemistry in provenance and depositional setting analysis.Journal of Earth Sciences and environment,33(4):337-348]
宋凯,吕剑文,杜金良,王宏科.2002.鄂尔多斯盆地中部上三叠统延长组物源方向分析与三角洲沉积体系.古地理学报,4(3):59-65.[Song K,LüJ W,Du J L,Wang H K.2002.Source direction analysis and delta depositional systems of Yanchang formation of the upper Triassic in the central Ordos basin.Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition),4(3):59-65]
完颜容,李相博,刘化清,魏立花,廖建波,黄军平,黄思静.2011.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长10期沉积环境与沉积体系.沉积学报,29(6):1105-1113.[Wan Y R,Li X B,Liu H Q,Wei L H,Liao JB,Huang J P,Huang S J.2011.Depositional Environment and Sedimentary System of Chang 10 Stage Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,29(6):1105-1113]
王秀娟,李元昊.2013.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组砂岩回弹及其对成藏的作用.低渗透油气田,18(1):41-44.[Wang X J,Li YH.2013.Sandstone rebounding and its effects on oil migration and accumulation in Ordos basin Yanchang formation.Low Permeability Oil and Gas Field,18(1):41-44]
魏斌,魏红红,陈全红,赵虹.2003.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组物源分析.西北大学学报-自然科学版,33(4):447-450.[Wei B,Wei H H,Chen Q H,Zhao H.2003.Sediment provenance analysis of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin.Journal of Northwest University-Natural Science Edition,33(4):447-450]
杨华,张文正,蔺宏斌,吴凯,罗丽荣.2010.鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区长10油源及成藏条件分析.地球化学,39(3):274-279.[Yang H,Zhang W Z,Lin H B,Wu K,Luo L R.2010.Origin of Chang 10 oil reservoir in Northern Shaanxi region of Ordos Basin.Geochimica,39(3):274-279]
杨俊杰.2002.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律.北京:石油工业出版社.[Yang J J.2002.The Tectonic Evolution and Distribution of Oil and Gas in the Ordos Basin.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press]
姚泾利,李渭,王亚玲,姜亭,黄锦绣.2014.陕北地区延长组长101储集层成岩作用与成岩相.地质通报,33(11):1842-1852.[Yao J L,Li W,Wang Y L,Jiang T,Huang J X.2014.Diagenesis and diagenetic facies of the Chang 101Reservoir in northern Shaanxi Province.Geological Bulletin of China,33(11):1842-1852]
张茹,李文厚,张慧元,李春荣,贾春光.2011.安塞油田延长组长101油层段沉积微相特征分析.甘肃地质,20(1):68-74.[Zhang R,Li W H,Zhang H Y,Li C R,Jia C G.2011.Study on the features of sedimentary microfacies of chang 101section of yanchang formation in Ansai oilfield.Gansu Geology,20(1):68-74]
赵红格,刘池洋.2003.物源分析方法及研究进展.沉积学报,21(3):157-159.[Zhao H G,Liu C Y.2003.Approaches and prospects of provenance analysis.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,21(3):157-159]
Hoskin P W O,Schaltegger U.2003.The composition of zircon and igneous and metamorphic petrogenesis.The Mineralogical Society of A-merica,53(1):27-62.