基于UML和CPN的列控系统等级转换建模与分析
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摘要
针对列控系统的安全性和实时性要求,基于CTCS-3级列控系统需求规范中等级转换场景建立C2级向C3级转换的UML(统一建模语言)模型和有色Petri网(CPN)模型,分析了影响列车安全运行和行车效率的因素,即转换时长和转换成功率,验证了该建模方法的有效性。验证结果表明,UML和CPN模型相结合的方法适合于列控系统需求规范的验证。搭建的等级转换模型能够满足系统实时性要求。在保证切换成功率的前提下,列车运行速度与切换时间成反比,速度越高,切换时间越短;列车速度越高,对系统实时性要求也越高。
According to the security and real-time performance of the train control system,this paper established the unified modeling language( UML) and the colored Petri net( CPN) model of C2 to C3 transition based on the level transition scenario of the CTCS-3 level control system requirement specification. It analyzed the influence factors of the safty of train operation and traffic efficiency,that was,the time spent in the transition and the success rate of the level transition,and verified the validity of this modeling method. The results show that the combination of UML and CPN model is suitable for the specification of the requirements of the control system. The hierarchical conversion model can meet the real-time requirements of the system. In order to ensure the success rate of switching,the train running speed is inversely proportional to the switching time,the higher the speed,the shorter the switching time,the higher the train speed,the higher the real-time performance of the system.
According to the security and real-time performance of the train control system,this paper established the unified modeling language( UML) and the colored Petri net( CPN) model of C2 to C3 transition based on the level transition scenario of the CTCS-3 level control system requirement specification. It analyzed the influence factors of the safty of train operation and traffic efficiency,that was,the time spent in the transition and the success rate of the level transition,and verified the validity of this modeling method. The results show that the combination of UML and CPN model is suitable for the specification of the requirements of the control system. The hierarchical conversion model can meet the real-time requirements of the system. In order to ensure the success rate of switching,the train running speed is inversely proportional to the switching time,the higher the speed,the shorter the switching time,the higher the train speed,the higher the real-time performance of the system.
引文
[1]张友兵,唐涛.基于有色Petri网的CTCS-3级列控系统RBC切换的建模与形式化分析[J].铁道学报,2012,34(7):49-55.(Zhang Youbing,Tang Tao. The modeling and formal analysis of RBC handover for CTCS-3 train control system based on colored Petri nets[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2012,34(7):49-55.)
[2] Trowitzsch J,Zimmermann A. Using UML state machines and Petri nets for the quantitative investigation of ETCS[C]//Proc of the 1st International Conference on Performance Evaluation Methodolgies and Tools. New York:ACM Press,2006:article No. 34.
[3] Liu Jintao,Tang Tao,Zhao Lin,et al. Functional safety analysis method for CTCS level 3 based on hybrid automata[C]//Proc of the15th International Symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing. Washington DC:IEEE Computer Society,2012:7-12.
[4] Alur R,Etessami K,Yannakakis M. Inference of message sequence charts[J]. IEEE Trans on Software Engineering,2003,29(7):623-633.
[5]王元鹏,胡晓辉,陈永,等.应答器故障导致CTCS等级转换的建模与仿真[J].计算机工程与应用,2016,52(8):234-239.(Wang Yuanpeng,Hu Xiaohui,Chen Yong,et al. Modeling and simulation of transponder failure due to CTCS level conversion[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications,2016,52(8):234-239.)
[6]王建.基于随机Petri网的高铁列控系统C2/C3等级转换过程建模及仿真[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.(Wang Jian. Modeling and simulation of C2/C3 level transition in CTCS based on stochastic Petri net[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015.)
[7]梁楠,王海峰.基于SPN的CTCS-3级列控系统RBC实时性能分析[J].铁道学报,2011,33(2):67-71.(Liang Nan,Wang Haifeng. Real-time performance analysis of RBC system for CTCS level 3 using stochastic Petri networks[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2011,33(2):67-71.)
[8]康仁伟,王俊峰,吕继东.基于UPPAAL的高铁列控系统等级转换过程建模与验证[J].北京交通大学学报,2012,36(6):63-67.(Kang Renwei,Wang Junfeng,Lyu Jidong. UPPAAL-based modeling and verification of level transition process of high-speed railway train control system[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2012,36(6):63-67.)
[9]曹源.高速铁路列车运行控制系统的形式建模与验证方法研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2011.(Cao Yuan. The study on formal modeling and verification of high speed railway train control system[D]. Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2011.)
[10]赵晓宇,程瑞军,程雨,等.基于HUML的列控系统形式化建模与参数分析方法[J].铁道学报,2016,38(11):80-87.(Zhao Xiaoyu,Cheng Ruijun,Cheng Yu,et al. Formal modeling and parameter analysis method for train control system based on hybrid unified modeling language[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(11):80-87.)
[11]刘金涛,唐涛,赵林,等.基于UML模型的CTCS-3级列控系统功能安全分析方法[J].铁道学报,2013,35(10):59-66.(Liu Jintao,Tang Tao,Zhao Ling,et al. Functional safety analysis of CTCS-3 train control system based on UML model[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(10):59-66.)
[12]赵林,唐涛,刘金涛,等.基于UML扩展机制的列控系统建模方法研究[J].铁道学报,2012,34(12):64-70.(Zhao Lin,Tang Tao,Liu Jintao,et al. Research on train control systems modeling method using UML extensibility mechanisms[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2012,34(12):64-70.)
[13]杨柳倩,张友鹏.基于UML和有色Petri网的RBC切换场景的建模方法研究[J].计算机测量与控制,2012,20(4):1116-1119.(Yang Liuqian,Zhang Youpeng. Design of modeing of RBC handover based on UML and colored Petri nets[J]. Computer Measurement and Control,2012,20(4):1116-1119.)
[14]徐田华,赵红礼,唐涛.基于有色Petri网的ETCS无线通信可靠性分析[J].铁道学报,2008,30(1):38-42.(Xu Tianhua,Zhao Hongli,Tang Tao. Coloured-Petri-nets based reliability analysis of ETCS train radio communication[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2008,30(1):38-42.)
[15]江金龙,周献中,孙勇成,等.基于UML和Petri网的层次建模分析方法[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(2):290-293.(Jiang Jinlong,Zhou Xianzhong,Sun Yongcheng,et al. Hierarchical modeling analysis method based on UML and Petri net[J]. Journal of System Simulation,2006,18(2):290-293.)
[2] Trowitzsch J,Zimmermann A. Using UML state machines and Petri nets for the quantitative investigation of ETCS[C]//Proc of the 1st International Conference on Performance Evaluation Methodolgies and Tools. New York:ACM Press,2006:article No. 34.
[3] Liu Jintao,Tang Tao,Zhao Lin,et al. Functional safety analysis method for CTCS level 3 based on hybrid automata[C]//Proc of the15th International Symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing. Washington DC:IEEE Computer Society,2012:7-12.
[4] Alur R,Etessami K,Yannakakis M. Inference of message sequence charts[J]. IEEE Trans on Software Engineering,2003,29(7):623-633.
[5]王元鹏,胡晓辉,陈永,等.应答器故障导致CTCS等级转换的建模与仿真[J].计算机工程与应用,2016,52(8):234-239.(Wang Yuanpeng,Hu Xiaohui,Chen Yong,et al. Modeling and simulation of transponder failure due to CTCS level conversion[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications,2016,52(8):234-239.)
[6]王建.基于随机Petri网的高铁列控系统C2/C3等级转换过程建模及仿真[D].成都:西南交通大学,2015.(Wang Jian. Modeling and simulation of C2/C3 level transition in CTCS based on stochastic Petri net[D]. Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2015.)
[7]梁楠,王海峰.基于SPN的CTCS-3级列控系统RBC实时性能分析[J].铁道学报,2011,33(2):67-71.(Liang Nan,Wang Haifeng. Real-time performance analysis of RBC system for CTCS level 3 using stochastic Petri networks[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2011,33(2):67-71.)
[8]康仁伟,王俊峰,吕继东.基于UPPAAL的高铁列控系统等级转换过程建模与验证[J].北京交通大学学报,2012,36(6):63-67.(Kang Renwei,Wang Junfeng,Lyu Jidong. UPPAAL-based modeling and verification of level transition process of high-speed railway train control system[J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2012,36(6):63-67.)
[9]曹源.高速铁路列车运行控制系统的形式建模与验证方法研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2011.(Cao Yuan. The study on formal modeling and verification of high speed railway train control system[D]. Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2011.)
[10]赵晓宇,程瑞军,程雨,等.基于HUML的列控系统形式化建模与参数分析方法[J].铁道学报,2016,38(11):80-87.(Zhao Xiaoyu,Cheng Ruijun,Cheng Yu,et al. Formal modeling and parameter analysis method for train control system based on hybrid unified modeling language[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2016,38(11):80-87.)
[11]刘金涛,唐涛,赵林,等.基于UML模型的CTCS-3级列控系统功能安全分析方法[J].铁道学报,2013,35(10):59-66.(Liu Jintao,Tang Tao,Zhao Ling,et al. Functional safety analysis of CTCS-3 train control system based on UML model[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(10):59-66.)
[12]赵林,唐涛,刘金涛,等.基于UML扩展机制的列控系统建模方法研究[J].铁道学报,2012,34(12):64-70.(Zhao Lin,Tang Tao,Liu Jintao,et al. Research on train control systems modeling method using UML extensibility mechanisms[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2012,34(12):64-70.)
[13]杨柳倩,张友鹏.基于UML和有色Petri网的RBC切换场景的建模方法研究[J].计算机测量与控制,2012,20(4):1116-1119.(Yang Liuqian,Zhang Youpeng. Design of modeing of RBC handover based on UML and colored Petri nets[J]. Computer Measurement and Control,2012,20(4):1116-1119.)
[14]徐田华,赵红礼,唐涛.基于有色Petri网的ETCS无线通信可靠性分析[J].铁道学报,2008,30(1):38-42.(Xu Tianhua,Zhao Hongli,Tang Tao. Coloured-Petri-nets based reliability analysis of ETCS train radio communication[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society,2008,30(1):38-42.)
[15]江金龙,周献中,孙勇成,等.基于UML和Petri网的层次建模分析方法[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(2):290-293.(Jiang Jinlong,Zhou Xianzhong,Sun Yongcheng,et al. Hierarchical modeling analysis method based on UML and Petri net[J]. Journal of System Simulation,2006,18(2):290-293.)