镉对谷子幼苗的毒性作用
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摘要
为研究镉对谷子幼苗的毒性作用,以谷子长农44号为材料,采用50,200μmol/L Cd溶液水培幼苗,8 d后检测植株生长状况及氧化/抗氧化指标。结果表明,Cd胁迫后谷子幼苗根长和地上部分鲜质量显著降低,植株叶缘发黄,叶尖干枯;地上组织中O2-·生成速率提高,H2O2和MDA含量显著升高,过氧化物酶活性显著升高,过氧化氢酶活性略有升高,谷胱甘肽和半胱氨酸含量显著增加,超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性无明显改变。一定浓度的Cd胁迫可诱导谷子幼苗中活性氧水平升高,抑制植株生长发育,诱导植物抗氧化系统应答,即抗氧化分子合成增加、抗氧化酶系统激活,以提高谷子幼苗的Cd耐受性。
Effects of cadmium(Cd)on millet was studied by using Changnong 44 seedlings as the materials. After millet seedlings were treated with 50, 200 μmol/L Cd for 8 d, the growth status as well as oxidation and antioxidation indexes were detected. The results showed that the root length and the fresh quality of aboveground part of millet seedlings decreased significantly in Cd-treated groups,associated with leaf curling and less green. The superoxide anion formation rate increased, and the contents of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde increased significantly in Cd-treated groups. The activities of catalase and peroxidase, and the contents of glutathione and cysteine increased in Cd-treated groups, but the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase didn't change significantly. The results show that a certain concentrations of Cd can induce the increase of reactive oxygen species level in millet seedlings, inhibit plant growth and development, and induce plant antioxidant system response. The responses of antioxidant system in plants can improve the tolerance of millet seedlings to Cd stress.
Effects of cadmium(Cd)on millet was studied by using Changnong 44 seedlings as the materials. After millet seedlings were treated with 50, 200 μmol/L Cd for 8 d, the growth status as well as oxidation and antioxidation indexes were detected. The results showed that the root length and the fresh quality of aboveground part of millet seedlings decreased significantly in Cd-treated groups,associated with leaf curling and less green. The superoxide anion formation rate increased, and the contents of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde increased significantly in Cd-treated groups. The activities of catalase and peroxidase, and the contents of glutathione and cysteine increased in Cd-treated groups, but the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase didn't change significantly. The results show that a certain concentrations of Cd can induce the increase of reactive oxygen species level in millet seedlings, inhibit plant growth and development, and induce plant antioxidant system response. The responses of antioxidant system in plants can improve the tolerance of millet seedlings to Cd stress.
引文
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[3] RIZWAN M,ALI S,ALI B,et al. Zinc and iron oxide nanoparticles improved the plant growth and reduced the oxidative stress and cadmium concentration in wheat[J]. Chemosphere,2019,214:269-277.
[4]TKALEC M,CVJETKO P,PAVLICA M,et al. The effects of cadmium-zinc interactions on biochemical responses in tobacco seedlings and adult plants[J]. PLo S One,2014,9(1):e87582.
[5]杨颖丽,王文瑞,尤佳,等. Cd2+胁迫对小麦种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理生化特性的影响[J].西北师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,48(3):88-94.
[6]史静,潘根兴,夏运生,等.镉胁迫对两品种水稻生长及抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(5):832-837.
[7]黄运湘,廖柏寒,浪涛,等.镉处理对大豆幼苗生长及激素含量的影响[J].环境科学,2006,27(7):1398-1401.
[8] GARCIA J S,CORTEZ P A,BARBEIRA P S,et al. Short-term cadmium exposure induces gas exchanges,morphological and ultrastructural disturbances in mangrove,Avicennia schaueriana,young plants[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin,2018,131:122-129.
[9] WANG Y W,JIANG X H. Photosynthetic responses of Oryza sativa L. seedlings to cadmium stress:physiological,biochemical and ultrastructural analyses[J]. Bio Metals,2014,27:389-401.
[10]仪慧兰,杨其伟.镉对姐妹染色单体交换的影响[J].山西大学学报(自然科学版),1996,19(4):435-439.
[11]王亚丽,仪慧兰,韩彦莎. SO2对谷子幼苗根系镉胁迫的缓解作用[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(3):443-448.
[12]赵中秋,席梅竹. Cd对植物的氧化胁迫机理研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(Z1):47-51.
[13]HAN Y S,WU M Y,HAO L H,et al. Sulfur dioxide derivatives alleviate cadmium toxicity by enhancing antioxidant defence and reducing Cd2+uptake and translocation in foxtail millet seedlings[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safet,2018,157:207-215.
[14]王亚丽.谷子对黑穗病菌和镉胁迫的响应[D].太原:山西大学,2017.
[15]宋新华.植物体内的多功能蛋白酶:谷胱甘肽转移酶[J].山东科学,2007,20(3):49-55.
[16]乔欣荣,张继英.植物谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2016,32(9):7-13.
[17]REGSEGGER A,BRUNOLD C. Effect of cadmium on-glutamylcysteine synthesis in maize seedlings[J]. Plant Physiology,1992,99(2):428-433.