如何有效克服组织惰性?——基于双元学习的案例研究
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摘要
本文基于对中兴通讯股份有限公司(简称中兴通讯)的案例研究,构建了双元学习对组织惰性克服作用的关系机理.研究发现:组织惰性可以分为第一层次的组织惰性与第二层次的组织惰性;利用式学习能够克服第一层次的组织惰性,但会强化第二层次的组织惰性;探索式学习有利于克服两个层次的组织惰性;同时注重探索式学习与利用式学习的双元学习能有效克服两个层次的组织惰性,也更有利于组织的发展.
It conducted a case study on Zhongxing Telecommunication Equipment Corporation( ZTE) and constructed the mechanism of ambidextrous learning to overcome organization inertia. The findings are as follows: organizational inertia can be divided into two levels,first-level inertia and second-level inertia; exploitative learning can overcome firstlevel inertia,but it will strengthen second-level inertia; exploratory learning can get rid of two levels' inertia; ambidextrous learning can overcome first-level and second-level inertia more effectively,and also more conducive to the development of organization.
It conducted a case study on Zhongxing Telecommunication Equipment Corporation( ZTE) and constructed the mechanism of ambidextrous learning to overcome organization inertia. The findings are as follows: organizational inertia can be divided into two levels,first-level inertia and second-level inertia; exploitative learning can overcome firstlevel inertia,but it will strengthen second-level inertia; exploratory learning can get rid of two levels' inertia; ambidextrous learning can overcome first-level and second-level inertia more effectively,and also more conducive to the development of organization.
引文
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[27]林海芬,苏敬勤.管理创新效力提升机制:组织双元性视角[J].科研管理,2012,33(2):1-9.
[28]Kang S-C,Snell S A.Intellectual capital architectures and ambidextrous learning:A framework for human resource management[J].Journal of Management Studies,2009,46(1):65-92.
[29]焦豪.双元型组织竞争优势的构建路径:基于动态能力理论的实证研究[J].管理世界,2011(11):76-91.
[30]Quinn J B.Managing innovation:Controlled chaos[J].Harvard Business Review,1985,53(3):73-84.
[31]Zollo M,Winter S G.Deliberate learning and the evolution of dynamic capabilities[J].Organization Science,2002,13(3):339-351.
[32]冯海龙.组织学习、动态能力与企业战略变革[J].华东经济管理,2008,22(10):104-108.
[33]Yin R K.Case study research:Design and methods[M].2nd.UK:Sage Publications,1994.
[34]Eisenhardt K M.Building theories from case study research[J].Academy of Management Review,1989,14(4):532-550.
[35]彭新敏,吴晓波,吴东.基于二次创新动态过程的企业网络与组织学习平衡模式演化——海天1971—2010年纵向案例研究[J].管理世界,2011(4):138-149.
[36]Eisenhardt K M,Martin J A.Dynamic capabilities:What are they?[J].Strategic Management Journal,2000,21(10/11):1105-1121.
[37]王永健,谢卫红,蓝海林.IT能力与战略柔性:探索式学习与利用式学习的中介作用[J].经济管理,2012,34(11):64-73.
[38]朱朝晖.探索性学习、挖掘性学习和创新绩效[J].科学学研究,2008,26(4):860-867.
[39]张玉利,李乾文.公司创业导向、双元能力与组织绩效[J].管理科学学报,2009,12(1):137-152.
[2]Hannan M T,Freeman J.The population ecology view of organizations[J].American Journal of Sociology,1977,82(5):929-964.
[3]Tushman M L,O'Reilly C A.Ambidextrous organizations:Managing evolutionary and revolutionary change[J].California Management Review,1996,38(4):8-30.
[4]白景坤.组织惰性的生成与克服研究[D].大连:东北财经大学,2009.
[5]Easterby-Smith M,Prieto I M.Dynamic capabilities and knowledge management:An integrative role for learning?[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,2008,19(3):235-249.
[6]Levinthal D A,March J G.The myopia of learning[J].Strategic Management Journal,1993,14(S2):95-112.
[7]O'Reilly C A,Tushman M L.Ambidexterity as a dynamic capability:Resolving the innovator's dilemma[J].Research in Organization Behavior,2008,28(6):185-206
[8]Hodgkinson G P.Cognitive inertia in a turbulent market:The case of UK residential estate agents[J].Journal of Management Studies,1997,34(6):921-945.
[9]Sull D N.Why good companies go bad[J].Harvard Business Review,1999,77(4):42-52.
[10]Miller D,Chen M J.Sources and consequences of competitive inertia:A study of the US airline industry[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1994,39(1):1-23.
[11]Starbuck W H,Greve A,Hedberg B.Responding to crises[J].Journal of Business Administration,1978,9(2):111-137.
[12]许小东.组织惰性行为初研[J].科研管理,2000,21(4):56-60.
[13]Leonard-Barton D.Core capabilites and core rigidities:A paradox in managing new product development[J].Strategic Management Journal,1992,13(S1):111-125.
[14]David P A.Clio and the economics of QWERTY[J].American Economic Review,1985,75(2):332-337.
[15]Casamatta C,Guembel A.Managerial legacies,entrenchment,and strategic inertia[J].Journal of Finance,2010,65(6):2403-2436.
[16]Gilbert C G.Unbundling the structure of inertia:Resource versus routine rigidity[J].Academy of Management Journal,2005,48(5):741-763.
[17]Nedzinskas,Pundziene·A,Buoiute-Rafanaviciene S,et al.The impact of dynamic capabilities on SME performance in a volatile environment as moderated by organizational inertia[J].Baltic Journal of Management,2013,8(4):376-396.
[18]Godkin L.The zone of inertia:Absorptive capacity and organizational change[J].Leaning Organization:An International Journal,2010,17(3):196-207.
[19]刘海建,李虎,孙容容.竞争能力惰性、决策失灵与企业衰败[J].南京大学学报:哲学·人文科学·社会科学,2012,49(6):144-153.
[20]孟范祥.组织惯性对企业组织变革影响机理及系统动力学模型研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2010.
[21]March J G.Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning[J].Organization Science,1991,2(1):71-87.
[22]彼得·圣吉.第五项修炼——学习型组织的艺术与实务[M].2版.郭进隆,译.上海:三联书店,1998.
[23]Lichtenthaler U,Muethel M.The role of deliberate and experiential learning in developing capabilities:Insights from technology licensing[J].Journal of Engineering&Technology Management,2012,29(2):187-209.
[24]汪克夷,冯海龙.组织学习、惯性演化与企业战略变革[J].经济经纬,2009(5):92-95.
[25]蒋春燕.中国新兴企业自主创新陷阱的突破路径[J].中国工业经济,2006(4):73-80.
[26]Shimizu K,Hitt M A.Strategic flexibility:Organizational preparedness to reverse ineffective strategic decisions[J].Academy of Management Executive,2004,18(4):44-59.
[27]林海芬,苏敬勤.管理创新效力提升机制:组织双元性视角[J].科研管理,2012,33(2):1-9.
[28]Kang S-C,Snell S A.Intellectual capital architectures and ambidextrous learning:A framework for human resource management[J].Journal of Management Studies,2009,46(1):65-92.
[29]焦豪.双元型组织竞争优势的构建路径:基于动态能力理论的实证研究[J].管理世界,2011(11):76-91.
[30]Quinn J B.Managing innovation:Controlled chaos[J].Harvard Business Review,1985,53(3):73-84.
[31]Zollo M,Winter S G.Deliberate learning and the evolution of dynamic capabilities[J].Organization Science,2002,13(3):339-351.
[32]冯海龙.组织学习、动态能力与企业战略变革[J].华东经济管理,2008,22(10):104-108.
[33]Yin R K.Case study research:Design and methods[M].2nd.UK:Sage Publications,1994.
[34]Eisenhardt K M.Building theories from case study research[J].Academy of Management Review,1989,14(4):532-550.
[35]彭新敏,吴晓波,吴东.基于二次创新动态过程的企业网络与组织学习平衡模式演化——海天1971—2010年纵向案例研究[J].管理世界,2011(4):138-149.
[36]Eisenhardt K M,Martin J A.Dynamic capabilities:What are they?[J].Strategic Management Journal,2000,21(10/11):1105-1121.
[37]王永健,谢卫红,蓝海林.IT能力与战略柔性:探索式学习与利用式学习的中介作用[J].经济管理,2012,34(11):64-73.
[38]朱朝晖.探索性学习、挖掘性学习和创新绩效[J].科学学研究,2008,26(4):860-867.
[39]张玉利,李乾文.公司创业导向、双元能力与组织绩效[J].管理科学学报,2009,12(1):137-152.