基于组合拍卖的B2C电商物流配送研究
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摘要
随着B2C电商网上购物的盛行,物流配送成为电商运营瓶颈,物流供需不平衡导致第三方物流间的竞争愈加激烈。在电商运营过程中,物流成本占整体成本比重较大。在B2C电商环境下,根据电商物流配送特征引进VCG和PDV 2种拍卖机制,对B2C电商产生的交易订单进行组合拍卖,由第三方物流完成运输配送服务,在VCG拍卖的基础上运用原始对偶算法解决竞拍获胜者的决策问题,实现PDV拍卖。在拍卖模型中,运用矩阵表示合理分配情况,实现电商物流成本最小化、第三方物流效益最大化和资源合理分配。通过2种拍卖算例分析得出,在拍卖过程中对于第三方物流来说PDV较VCG拍卖更占优势,第三方物流可以在获利更多的情况下,泄露更少的竞拍信息。
Logistics costs account for a big part of the total costs of the booming e-commerce. But with excessive supply of third-party logistics outsourcing service in the market, logistics impedes e-commerce's further development. This paper puts forwarded an auction model based on VCG and PDV to outsource delivery service of B2 C e-commerce orders. With this model, on the basis of a VCG auction, the winning bidders can be picked up by using the primal dual algorithm, which is actually a PDV auction process. In this model, a matrix is used to lower the logistics costs paid by e-commerce suppliers to increase profits earned by third-party logistics providers and to allocate the resources rationally. With a case analysis under the two auction types, this paper concludes that PDV auctions proves more effective than VCGs from the third-party logistics providers' perspective since they can make more profits and reveal less information.
Logistics costs account for a big part of the total costs of the booming e-commerce. But with excessive supply of third-party logistics outsourcing service in the market, logistics impedes e-commerce's further development. This paper puts forwarded an auction model based on VCG and PDV to outsource delivery service of B2 C e-commerce orders. With this model, on the basis of a VCG auction, the winning bidders can be picked up by using the primal dual algorithm, which is actually a PDV auction process. In this model, a matrix is used to lower the logistics costs paid by e-commerce suppliers to increase profits earned by third-party logistics providers and to allocate the resources rationally. With a case analysis under the two auction types, this paper concludes that PDV auctions proves more effective than VCGs from the third-party logistics providers' perspective since they can make more profits and reveal less information.
引文
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[2]李艳菊.基于AHP的电商物流模式与决策研究[J].物流技术,2015,34(1):164-165.LI Yan-ju.Research on Decision-making Concerning E-commerce Logistics Modes based on AHP[J].Logistics Technology,2015,34(1):164-165.
[3]高莹.基于组合拍卖的物流运输服务问题研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2011.
[4]REMLI N,REKIK M.A Robust Winner Determination Problem for Combinatorial Transportation Auctions Under Uncertain Shipment Volumes[J].Transportation Research Part C:Emerging Technologies,2013(35):204-217.
[5]韩平,王勇,罗富碧.基于多属性组合拍卖的物流作业分包[J].工业工程,2008,11(1):90-91.HAN Ping,WANG Yong,LUO Fu-bi.Logistics Tasks Subcontract based on Multiple Attribute Combinatorial Auction[J].Dustrial Engneering Journal,2008,11(1):90-91.
[6]陈李钢.电商下的组合拍卖机制设计与模型优化研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006.
[7]XU S X,CHENG M,HUANG G Q.Efficient Intermodal Transportation Auctions for B2B E-commerce Logistics with Transaction Costs[J].Transportation Research Part B,2015(80):326-328.
[8]周乐欣.组合拍卖理论在物流交易中的应用[D].武汉:武汉大学,2010.
[9]王青燕.基于传统快消品电商的铁路物流发展探讨[J].铁道运输与经济,2017,39(9):84-87,96.WANG Qing-yan.Discussion on the Development of Railway Logistics based on Traditional Fast Consumer Goods[J].Railway Transport and Economy,2017,39(9):84-87,96.
[10]AUSUBELLM,MILGROMP R.Ascending Price Vickrey Auction[J].Gamesand Economic Behavior,2002,55(2):215-241.
[11]XU S X,HUANG G Q.Efficient Auction for Distributed Transportation Procurement[J].Transportation Research Part B,2014(65):47-64.