基于矢量像差理论的离轴反射光学系统初始结构设计
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摘要
传统的离轴反射光学系统初始结构设计方法是先求取轴对称反射光学系统结构,然后通过光瞳离轴、视场离轴或二者结合的方法实现无遮拦设计.由于同轴光学系统像差分布规律不适用于离轴光学系统,因此离轴后的反射光学系统结构像差较大,而且系统无遮拦设计过程复杂.本文提出了一种基于矢量像差理论的离轴反射光学系统初始结构设计方法,可以直接获取光瞳离轴、视场离轴或二者结合的无遮拦离轴反射光学系统初始结构.该方法可以获得较好的离轴反射光学系统初始结构供光学设计软件进一步优化.针对面阵探测器,设计了一个长波红外离轴三反光学系统,通过光瞳离轴和视场离轴实现无遮拦设计,光学系统成像质量好,反射镜不存在倾斜和偏心,光学系统易于装调.
The traditional method of designing the initial configuration of off-axis reflective optical system is to first obtain the initial configuration of coaxial reflective optical system, and then achieve the unobscured design with an offset aperture stop or a biased input field, or both. Because the aberration distribution of coaxial reflective optical system is not applicable to the off-axis reflective optical system, the obtained unobscured off-axis reflective optical system has large aberration, and the unobscured design process is complicated. In this paper we present a method of designing an initial configuration of off-axis reflective optical system based on vector aberration theory. With this design method, a good unobscured initial configuration of off-axis reflective optical system can be directly obtained by using an offset aperture stop or a biased input field, or both. Based on the vector aberration theory and gaussian brackets, the third-order aberration coefficient is derived for off-axis reflective optical system. Initial configuration performance is important for optical design, especially for the complicated optical system design. The selection of initial configuration highly affects the final system imaging performance, fabrication difficulty and alignment difficulty. An error function is established to evaluate the performance of off-axis reflective optical system, and it consists of aberration coefficients and other constraints.The genetic algorithm is a highly parallel, random and adaptive global optimization algorithm. To obtain a good initial configuration for the off-axis reflective optical system, the genetic algorithm is used to search for the initial configuration with minimum residual aberration. This method can obtain a good initial configuration of off-axis reflective optical system for further optimization. The benefit of this design method is demonstrated by designing an off-axis three-mirror optical system. For the focal plane array, a long-wave infrared off-axis threemirror optical system is designed. A good initial configuration is obtained with the proposed method, which achieves the unobscured design by using an offset aperture stop and a biased input field. To improve the performance of initial configuration, the obtained initial configuration is optimized with the optical design software. The designed optical system has good imaging quality. As the mirrors are free from the tilts and decenters, the designed optical system is aligned easily.
The traditional method of designing the initial configuration of off-axis reflective optical system is to first obtain the initial configuration of coaxial reflective optical system, and then achieve the unobscured design with an offset aperture stop or a biased input field, or both. Because the aberration distribution of coaxial reflective optical system is not applicable to the off-axis reflective optical system, the obtained unobscured off-axis reflective optical system has large aberration, and the unobscured design process is complicated. In this paper we present a method of designing an initial configuration of off-axis reflective optical system based on vector aberration theory. With this design method, a good unobscured initial configuration of off-axis reflective optical system can be directly obtained by using an offset aperture stop or a biased input field, or both. Based on the vector aberration theory and gaussian brackets, the third-order aberration coefficient is derived for off-axis reflective optical system. Initial configuration performance is important for optical design, especially for the complicated optical system design. The selection of initial configuration highly affects the final system imaging performance, fabrication difficulty and alignment difficulty. An error function is established to evaluate the performance of off-axis reflective optical system, and it consists of aberration coefficients and other constraints.The genetic algorithm is a highly parallel, random and adaptive global optimization algorithm. To obtain a good initial configuration for the off-axis reflective optical system, the genetic algorithm is used to search for the initial configuration with minimum residual aberration. This method can obtain a good initial configuration of off-axis reflective optical system for further optimization. The benefit of this design method is demonstrated by designing an off-axis three-mirror optical system. For the focal plane array, a long-wave infrared off-axis threemirror optical system is designed. A good initial configuration is obtained with the proposed method, which achieves the unobscured design by using an offset aperture stop and a biased input field. To improve the performance of initial configuration, the obtained initial configuration is optimized with the optical design software. The designed optical system has good imaging quality. As the mirrors are free from the tilts and decenters, the designed optical system is aligned easily.
引文
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[2]Jiang Z Y, Li L, Huang Y F 2009 Chin. Phys. B 18 2774
[3]Fuerschbach K, Davis G E, Thompson K P, Rolland J P 2014Opt. Lett. 39 2896
[4]Meng Q Y, Wang H Y, Wang K J, Wang Y, Ji Z H, Wang D2016 Appl. Opt. 55 8962
[5]Nie Y F, Gross H, Zhong Y, Duerr F 2017 Appl. Opt. 56 5630
[6]Liu J, Liu W Q, Kang Y S, LüB, Feng R, Liu H, Wei Z L2013 Acta Opt. Sin. 33 1022002(in Chinese)[刘军,刘伟奇,康玉思,吕博,冯睿,柳华,魏忠伦2013光学学报33 1022002]
[7]Xu F G, Huang W, Xu M F 2016 Acta Opt. Sin. 36 1222002(in Chinese)[徐奉刚,黄玮,徐明飞2016光学学报361222002]
[8]Li D X, Lu Z W, Sun Q, Liu H, Zhang Y C 2007 Acta Phys.Sin. 56 5766(in Chinese)[李东熙,卢振武,孙强,刘华,张云翠2007物理学报56 5766]
[9]Xia C Q, Zhong X, Jin G 2015 Acta Opt. Sin. 35 0922002(in Chinese)[夏春秋,钟兴,金光2015光学学报35 0922002]
[10]Thompson K P 2005 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 22 1389
[11]Sun J X, Pan G Q, Liu Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 094203(in Chinese)[孙金霞,潘国庆,刘英2013物理学报62 094203]
[12]Wang Y, Zhang X, Wang L J, Wang C 2014 Chin. Phys. B23 014202
[13]Schmid T, Rolland J P, Rakich A, Thompson K P 2010 Opt.Express 18 17433
[14]Zhong Y, Gross H 2017 Opt. Express 25 10016
[15]Shi H D, Jiang H L, Zhang X, Wang C, Liu T 2016 Appl.Opt. 55 6782
[16]Pang Z H, Fan X W, Ren G R, Ding J T, Xu L, Feng L J2016 Infrared Laser Eng. 45 0618002(in Chinese)[庞志海,樊学武,任国瑞,丁蛟腾,徐亮,凤良杰2016红外与激光工程450618002]
[17]Thompson K P 1980 Ph. D. Dissertation(Tucson:University of Arizona)
[18]Qiu L J, Fu L Y, Dong Q, Gu J Y 2018 J. Ordan. Equip.Eng. 39 88(in Chinese)[邱立军,付霖宇,董琪,顾钧元2018兵器装备工程学报39 88]
[19]Yan F, Zhang X J 2009 Opt. Express 17 16809
[20]Zhou G Y, Chen Y X, Wang Z G, Song H W 1999 Appl. Opt.