红土镍矿绿色化综合利用
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摘要
根据红土镍矿的化学组成和矿物结构,设计了绿色化综合利用的工艺流程.将红土镍矿和硫酸氢铵混合焙烧,红土镍矿中的镁、铁、镍、铝等生成可溶于水的盐,硅以二氧化硅的形式存在,且不溶于水.将焙烧产物用水溶出,过滤,使镁、铁、镍、铝的盐与二氧化硅分离.根据镁、铁、镍、铝等生成沉淀的pH值不同,向溶液中加入NH_3等碱性物质,调pH值,把镁、铁、镍、铝等分离提取.硫酸根转化为硫酸氢铵,返回焙烧,实现循环利用.对工艺流程的各工序进行了实验研究,给出了优化的工艺条件.
A new path for the green and comprehensive utilization of nickel laterite was proposed based on the chemical compositions and mineral structures. The nickel laterite was roasted with the ammonium bisulfate,Mg,Fe,Ni and Al in the laterite were transformed into soluble sulfates,while silicon was insoluble. The roasted clinker was water leached with water and filtrated,so Mg,Fe,Ni and Al were separated out from Si. Adjusted the pH value through NH_3 or the other alkaline species,Mg,Fe,Ni and Al can be precipitated step by step. Meanwhile,the ammonium bisulfate can be also obtained and returned to the roasting process. An optimum technological condition was gotten through the experiments analysis.
A new path for the green and comprehensive utilization of nickel laterite was proposed based on the chemical compositions and mineral structures. The nickel laterite was roasted with the ammonium bisulfate,Mg,Fe,Ni and Al in the laterite were transformed into soluble sulfates,while silicon was insoluble. The roasted clinker was water leached with water and filtrated,so Mg,Fe,Ni and Al were separated out from Si. Adjusted the pH value through NH_3 or the other alkaline species,Mg,Fe,Ni and Al can be precipitated step by step. Meanwhile,the ammonium bisulfate can be also obtained and returned to the roasting process. An optimum technological condition was gotten through the experiments analysis.
引文
[1] Pickles C A. Drying kinetics of nickeliferous limonitic laterite ores[J]. Minerals Engineering,2003,16:1327-1338.
[2] Golightly J P. Nickeliferous laterite deposits[C]∥Economic geology 75th anniversary volume. 1981:710-735.
[3]牟文宁.红土镍矿高附加值绿色化综合利用的理论与工艺研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2009.(Mu wenning. Reaearch on theory and technology of high value-added and green utilization of nickeliferous laterite ore[D]. Shenyang:Northeastern University,2009.)
[4]蒋继波,王吉坤.红土镍矿湿法冶金工艺研究进展[J].湿法冶金,2008,28(1):3-11.(Jiang Jibo, Wang Jikun. Review on progresses for hydrometallurgy of laterite-nickel ore[J]. Hydrometallurgy of China,2008,28(1):3-11.)
[5] Guo Xueyi,Shi Wentang,Li Dong,et al. Leaching behavior of metals from limonitic laterite ore by high pressure acid leaching[J]. Hydrometallurgy,2011,21(1):191-195.
[6] Zhai Yuchun,Mu Wenning,Liu Yan,et al. A green process for recovering nickel from nickeliferous laterite ores[J]. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China,2010,20(S):65-77.
[7] Kaya S,Topkaya Y A. High pressure acid leaching of a refractory lateritic nickel ore[J]. Miner Eng,2011,24(11):1188-1197.
[8]陈家镛.湿法冶金手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005.(Chen Jiayong. Handbook of hydrometallurgy[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2005.)
[9]马荣骏.湿法冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2007.(Ma Rongjun. Principle of hydrometallurgy[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2007.)
[10]翟玉春.绿色冶金——资源绿色化、高附加值综合利用[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2015.(Zhai Yuchun. Green Metallurgy—comprehensive and highefficiency utilization of resources[M]. Changsha:Central South University Press,2015.)
[2] Golightly J P. Nickeliferous laterite deposits[C]∥Economic geology 75th anniversary volume. 1981:710-735.
[3]牟文宁.红土镍矿高附加值绿色化综合利用的理论与工艺研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2009.(Mu wenning. Reaearch on theory and technology of high value-added and green utilization of nickeliferous laterite ore[D]. Shenyang:Northeastern University,2009.)
[4]蒋继波,王吉坤.红土镍矿湿法冶金工艺研究进展[J].湿法冶金,2008,28(1):3-11.(Jiang Jibo, Wang Jikun. Review on progresses for hydrometallurgy of laterite-nickel ore[J]. Hydrometallurgy of China,2008,28(1):3-11.)
[5] Guo Xueyi,Shi Wentang,Li Dong,et al. Leaching behavior of metals from limonitic laterite ore by high pressure acid leaching[J]. Hydrometallurgy,2011,21(1):191-195.
[6] Zhai Yuchun,Mu Wenning,Liu Yan,et al. A green process for recovering nickel from nickeliferous laterite ores[J]. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China,2010,20(S):65-77.
[7] Kaya S,Topkaya Y A. High pressure acid leaching of a refractory lateritic nickel ore[J]. Miner Eng,2011,24(11):1188-1197.
[8]陈家镛.湿法冶金手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005.(Chen Jiayong. Handbook of hydrometallurgy[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2005.)
[9]马荣骏.湿法冶金原理[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2007.(Ma Rongjun. Principle of hydrometallurgy[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2007.)
[10]翟玉春.绿色冶金——资源绿色化、高附加值综合利用[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2015.(Zhai Yuchun. Green Metallurgy—comprehensive and highefficiency utilization of resources[M]. Changsha:Central South University Press,2015.)