超声波辅助溶剂处理废白土技术的实验研究
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摘要
采用超声波辅助复合溶剂脱附萃取工艺提取废白土中的油,考察超声波频率、溶剂用量、处理温度、时间、处理次数对废白土中油分回收率的影响,并与传统的搅拌处理工艺相比较。结果表明:以100 g废白土(含油31.2 g)为例,超声波处理的最佳工艺条件为超声波频率68 kHz、溶剂用量80 mL、温度30℃、时间10 min,非极性溶剂抽提2次、混合溶剂抽提2次;在最佳工艺条件下,总油分回收量可达30.4 g;要达到相同的效果,传统搅拌工艺需要更高的温度、更长的处理时间和更多的溶剂;回收的理想油符合基础油特性,再生白土的吸附能力大部分得到恢复,可用于润滑油补充精制。超声波辅助溶剂处理废白土工艺技术上可行,每处理1 t白土可得经济效益4 799元。
The feasibility of solvent technology treatment of oily spent clay by ultrasonic assisted was studied.The influences of the ultrasonic frequency,solvent dosage,treatment temperature and time as well as treatment times on the oil yield were investigated.The results indicated that the optimal treatment conditions were as follows:temperature 30 ℃,extract time 10 min,100 g spent clay(containing 31.2 g of oil),ultrasonic frequency 68 kHz,solvent dosage 80 mL,twice extract with nonpolar solvent,and then extract with a mixed solvent two times.Under these conditions,the total oil recovery amount was 30.4 g.For the same effect,a higher temperature and longer treatment time and more solvents are required just with traditional stirring method.The ideal oil extracted from spent clay possessed characteristics as naphthenic base oil;the regenerated clay recovered most of its adsorption capacity,and could be reused for lubricating oil refining.It is concluded that the ultrasonic assisted solvent treatment of spent clay is technically feasible and economically advantageous.
The feasibility of solvent technology treatment of oily spent clay by ultrasonic assisted was studied.The influences of the ultrasonic frequency,solvent dosage,treatment temperature and time as well as treatment times on the oil yield were investigated.The results indicated that the optimal treatment conditions were as follows:temperature 30 ℃,extract time 10 min,100 g spent clay(containing 31.2 g of oil),ultrasonic frequency 68 kHz,solvent dosage 80 mL,twice extract with nonpolar solvent,and then extract with a mixed solvent two times.Under these conditions,the total oil recovery amount was 30.4 g.For the same effect,a higher temperature and longer treatment time and more solvents are required just with traditional stirring method.The ideal oil extracted from spent clay possessed characteristics as naphthenic base oil;the regenerated clay recovered most of its adsorption capacity,and could be reused for lubricating oil refining.It is concluded that the ultrasonic assisted solvent treatment of spent clay is technically feasible and economically advantageous.
引文
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[2] 魏安池,林敏刚,李喜红,等.水剂法回收废白土中油脂的研究[J].中国油脂,2002,27(4):33-35
[3] 莫娅南,郭大光.表面活性剂法回收废白土中的油分[J].辽宁石油化工大学学报,2006,26(1):19-25
[4] 钟国晋,杜文书.回收废白土中油脂的工艺实践[J].中北大学学报(自然科学版),2007,28(5):439-441
[5] King J W,List G R,Johnson J H.Supercritical carbon dioxide extracion of spent bleaching clays[J].Supercritical Fluids,1992,5(1):38-41
[6] 朱宪,李立新,王海明,等.炼油厂废白土的综合利用及其中蜡和油的回收研究[J].上海科技大学学报,1994,17(2):173-177
[7] 王贵领,赵经贵,张薇,等.用废白土制备4A分子筛的研究[J].北方环境,2002(4):36-38
[8] 朱宪,杨超,张彰,等.用炼油厂废白土制备有机膨润土的研究[J].中国环境科学,1999,19(6):514-517
[9] 杨继生,徐辉.超声波处理油泥砂脱油实验研究[J].石油学报(石油加工),2010,26(2):300-304
[10] 孙微微,孙明珠,董立坤.超声波在油砂分离中的应用[J].化学工业与工程,2009,26(6):511-513
[11] Li Zhong,Xu Kefeng,Li Xiangbin.Effect of ultrasound on desorption kinetics of phenol from polymeric resin[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2006,13(3):225-231
[12] Chakma S,Moholkar V S.Mechanistic features of ultrasonic desorption of aromatic pollutants[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2011,175(1):356-367
[13] 高丽.炼油废白土的回收再利用技术研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2011