基于OMA隧道爆破振动下砌体结构的安全评价
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摘要
以成渝客运专线新红岩隧道上方二层砌体结构为例,采用OMA(运行模态分析)方法研究了砌体结构在隧道爆破引起的地面振动作用下的安全性。结果表明:采用电子雷管爆破相比非电雷管能够有效降低地面振速,峰值振速最多降低约67%;二层砌体结构前4阶固有频率位于9~25Hz,有限元模型修正后其固有频率与实验值的误差明显减小,使其更加符合实际;非线性动力分析表明砌体结构门、窗的角部、砌体与混凝土材料的交界处及底层主应力集中程度高,但砌体的主压应力和主拉应力均小于规范值,表明砌体在爆破振动作用下是安全的,而且电子雷管更适用于结构安全性要求高的隧道爆破;现场调研发现砌体楼房在隧道爆破振动下没有发生损伤,表明基于OMA方法进行隧道爆破振动下砌体结构的安全评价是可行的。
Taking the two-layer masonry structure above the Xinhongyan tunnel of Chengdu-Chongqing passenger dedicated line as an example,the safety of the masonry structure under the ground vibration caused by tunnel blasting was studied by OMA(Operational Modal Analysis).The results showed that the velocity of the peak vibration was reduced about 67%at most using the electronic detonator blasting compared with that of the non-electric detonator.The natural frequency of the first four order masonry structure was 9to 25 Hz.The error between the natural frequency and the experimental value was obviously reduced after updating the finite element model.The nonlinear dynamic analysis showed that the concentration of the main stress in masonry structure gate,the corner of the window,the junction of the masonry and the concrete material were high,but the main compressive stress and the main tensile stress of the masonry were both smaller than the gauge value,which indicated that the masonry was safe.The electronic detonator was more suitable for the tunnel blasting with high structural safety requirements.The scene investigation found that there was no damage on the masonry under building the tunnel blasting vibration,it was feasible to evaluate the safety of masonry structure under tunnel blasting vibration based on OMA.
Taking the two-layer masonry structure above the Xinhongyan tunnel of Chengdu-Chongqing passenger dedicated line as an example,the safety of the masonry structure under the ground vibration caused by tunnel blasting was studied by OMA(Operational Modal Analysis).The results showed that the velocity of the peak vibration was reduced about 67%at most using the electronic detonator blasting compared with that of the non-electric detonator.The natural frequency of the first four order masonry structure was 9to 25 Hz.The error between the natural frequency and the experimental value was obviously reduced after updating the finite element model.The nonlinear dynamic analysis showed that the concentration of the main stress in masonry structure gate,the corner of the window,the junction of the masonry and the concrete material were high,but the main compressive stress and the main tensile stress of the masonry were both smaller than the gauge value,which indicated that the masonry was safe.The electronic detonator was more suitable for the tunnel blasting with high structural safety requirements.The scene investigation found that there was no damage on the masonry under building the tunnel blasting vibration,it was feasible to evaluate the safety of masonry structure under tunnel blasting vibration based on OMA.
引文
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[14]中华人民共和国建设部.砌体结构设计规范:GB50003-2001[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.The Ministry of Construction of People's Republic of China.Masonry structure design code:GB 50003-2001[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2001.
[2]田玉滨,李朝,张春巍.爆炸荷载作用下配筋砌体结构的动力响应[J].爆炸与冲击,2012,32(6):658-662.TIAN Y B,LI Z,ZHANG C W.Dynamic response of reinforced masonry structure under blast load[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2012,32(6):658-662.
[3]杨佑发,崔波.框架结构爆破地震的损伤评估[J].振动与冲击,2009,28(10):191-194.YANG Y F,CUI B.Damage assessment of frame structure of blasting earthquake[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2009,28(10):191-194.
[4]魏海霞,陈士海.爆破地震波三要素对多层砌体结构弹塑性地震响应的影响[J].爆炸与冲击,2011,31(1):55-61.WEI H X,CHEN S H.Effects of three main factors of blasting seismic waves on elastic-plastic seismic response of multistory masonry buildings[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2011,31(1):55-61.
[5]申永康,邵建华,陈建锋.建筑结构爆破地震反应弹塑性精细时程分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2008,28(1):92-96.SHEN Y K,SHAO J H,CHEN J F.Precise integration analysis on blast seismic elasto-plastic responses of structures[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2008,28(1):92-96.
[6]董陇军,李夕兵,赵国彦,等.露天采矿爆破振动对砌体结构破坏效应预测的Fisher判别模型及应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):750-756.DONG L J,LI X B,ZHAO G Y,et al.Fisher discriminant analysis model and its application to predicting destructive effect of masonry structure under blasting vibration of open pit mine[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):750-756.
[7]中国生,熊正明.基于小波包能量谱的建(构)筑物爆破地震安全评估[J].岩土力学,2010,31(5):1 522-1 528.ZHONG G S,XIONG Z M.Safety assessment of structure by blasting seism based on wavelet packet energy spectra[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(5):1 522-1 528.
[8]李洪涛,杨兴国,卢文波,等.基于等效峰值能量的建筑物爆破振动安全评价探讨[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(5):821-825.LI H T,YANG X G,LU W B,et al.Safety assessment for structures under blasting vibration based on equivalent peak energy[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(5):821-825.
[9]ALEMDAR B,AHMET C A,MEHMET.Safety assessment of structures for near-field blast-induced ground excitations using operational modal analysis[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2012,39(2):23-36.
[10]夏益霖.基于实验模态参数的结构有限元模型修正[J].振动与冲击,1993,12(1):61-65,32.XIA Y L.Finite element structural model updating based on experiment modal parameters[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,1993,12(1):61-65,32.
[11]范立础,袁万城,张启伟.悬索桥结构基于敏感性分析的动力有限元模型修正[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(1):9-14.FAN L C,YUAN W C,ZHANG Q W.Sensitivity based FE model updating of a suspension bridge[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2000,33(1):9-14.
[12]殷海涛,姜金辉,张方,等.基于实验模态参数及结构动力学优化设计的有限元建模[J].国外电子测量技术,2012,31(9):18-22.YIN H T,JIANG J H,ZHANG F,et al.Finite element modeling based on experimental modal parameters and structural dynamics optimization[J].Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology,2012,31(9):18-22.
[13]CHENG Q W,HONG H,YONG L.Dynamic response and damage analysis of masonry structures and masonry infilled RC frames to blast ground motion[J].Engineering Structures,2005(27):323-333.
[14]中华人民共和国建设部.砌体结构设计规范:GB50003-2001[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.The Ministry of Construction of People's Republic of China.Masonry structure design code:GB 50003-2001[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2001.