劈裂注浆复合土体三维等效弹性模型理论研究
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摘要
劈裂注浆可以有效改善土体的变形参数,大大降低土体在受力状态改变时的变形量,对劈裂注浆后复合土体的等效变形参数进行研究十分重要。在综合分析劈裂注浆扩散机制和工程应用实际的基础上,基于均质化理论提出了劈裂注浆后复合土体的三维单元体几何模型,按等效原则给出了浆-土体积及受力分配关系模型图;接着基于横向各向同性本构关系推导了模型的等效弹性模量和等效泊松比的解析解。然后采用有限元方法取得了模型特定条件下的等效弹性模量和等效泊松比,并与解析结果进行对比分析。最后把模型和相应的解析结果引入Flac~(3D)岩土工程专业分析软件,结合一个热力隧道工程实例对隧道劈裂注浆后关键位置的沉降进行预测分析,并与实测值进行了对比。研究表明:对所提出的计算模型,解析计算与有限元方法计算结果吻合度较高,说明了解析结果的正确性;基于该模型及其解析结果得到的隧道开挖后的沉降预测值与实测值具有良好的一致性,说明所提出的模型和相应的解析计算方法具有一定的可靠性和实用性。
Fracturing grouting could effectively improve elastic deformation properties of soils,and thus the soil deformation induced by excavation will be greatly reduced,so it is important to study the equivalent elastic properties of the composite soils.By investigating the fracturing-grouting mechanism and some case histories comprehensively,a three-dimensional geometric model is firstly proposed for composite soils with fracturing grouting based on homogenization theory.A volume ratio and stress distribution diagram of grout-soil is developed following equivalent principle.Then the analytical solutions of the equivalent elastic modulus and equivalent Poisson's ratio of the proposed model are derived based on transversely isotropic constitutive law.The same elastic parameters of this model for specific conditions are calculated by finite element method(FEM).At the same time,the FEM results are compared with the analytical solutions.The Flac3 D is employed to predict the ground settlements of a heat-supplying tunnel using the proposed model and its analytical solutions.The predicted results are then compared with monitoring data.The study shows that:the analytical solutions of the proposed model highly agree with FEM results;the proposed model and its analytical solutions are reliable and valid for engineering practice.
Fracturing grouting could effectively improve elastic deformation properties of soils,and thus the soil deformation induced by excavation will be greatly reduced,so it is important to study the equivalent elastic properties of the composite soils.By investigating the fracturing-grouting mechanism and some case histories comprehensively,a three-dimensional geometric model is firstly proposed for composite soils with fracturing grouting based on homogenization theory.A volume ratio and stress distribution diagram of grout-soil is developed following equivalent principle.Then the analytical solutions of the equivalent elastic modulus and equivalent Poisson's ratio of the proposed model are derived based on transversely isotropic constitutive law.The same elastic parameters of this model for specific conditions are calculated by finite element method(FEM).At the same time,the FEM results are compared with the analytical solutions.The Flac3 D is employed to predict the ground settlements of a heat-supplying tunnel using the proposed model and its analytical solutions.The predicted results are then compared with monitoring data.The study shows that:the analytical solutions of the proposed model highly agree with FEM results;the proposed model and its analytical solutions are reliable and valid for engineering practice.
引文
[1]李术才,张伟杰,张庆松,等.富水断裂带优势劈裂注浆机制及注浆控制方法研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(3):744-752.LI Shu-cai,ZHANG Wei-jie,ZHANG Qing-song,et al.Research on advantage-fracture grouting mechanism and controlled grouting method in water-rich fault zone[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(3):744-752.
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[3]王哲,龚晓楠,程永辉,等.劈裂注浆法在运营铁路软土地基处理中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(9):1619-1623.WANG Zhe,GONG Xiao-nan,CHENG Yong-hui,et al.Application of fracturing grouting method to treat soft foundation of operating railway[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(9):1619-1623.
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[5]黄明利,管晓明,吕奇峰.基于弹性力学的诱导劈裂注浆机制分析[J].岩土力学,2013,34(7):2059-2064.HUANG Ming-li,GUAN Xiao-ming,LüQi-feng.Mechanism analysis of induced fracture grouting based on elasticity[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(7):2059-2064.
[6]张淼,邹金锋,陈嘉祺,等.非对称荷载作用下土体劈裂注浆压力分析[J].岩土力学,2013,34(8):2255-2283.ZHANG Miao,ZOU Jin-feng,CHEN Jia-qi,et al.Analysis of soil fracturing grouting pressure under asymmetric loads[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(8):2255-2283.
[7]BEZUIJEN A,TE GROTENHUIS R,VAN TOL A F,et al.Analytical model for fracture grouting in sand[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2011,137(6):611-620.
[8]RIKARD G,H?KAN S.Fracture–fracture interaction during grouting[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2010,25(3):199-204.
[9]邹金峰,徐望国,罗强,等.饱和土中劈裂灌浆压力研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(7):1802-1806.ZOU Jin-feng,XU Wang-guo,LUO Qiang,et al.Study on grouting pressure of fracture grouting in saturated soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(7):1802-1806.
[10]邹金锋,罗恒,李亮,等.考虑中主应力时土体劈裂灌浆力学机制的大变形分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(9):2515-2520.ZOU Jin-feng,LUO Heng,LI Liang,et al.Mechanism analysis of fracture grouting in soil with large strain considering intermediate principal stress[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(9):2515-2520.
[11]邹金锋,李亮,杨小礼,等.土体劈裂灌浆力学机理分析[J].岩土力学,2006,27(4):625-628.ZOU Jin-feng,LI Liang,YANG Xiao-li,et al.Mechanism analysis of fracture grouting in soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(4):625-628.
[12]邹金锋,李亮,杨小礼.劈裂注浆扩散半径及压力衰减分析[J].水利学报,2006,37(3):314-319.ZOU Jin-feng,LI Liang,YANG Xiao-li.Penetration radius and pressure attenuation law in fracturing grouting[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(3):314-319.
[13]李鹏,张庆松,张霄,等.基于模型试验的劈裂注浆机制分析[J].岩土力学,2014,35(11):3221-3230.LI Peng,ZHANG Qing-song,ZHANG Xiao,et al.Analysis of fracture grouting mechanism based on model test[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(11):3221-3230.
[14]程盼,邹金锋,李亮,等.冲积层中劈裂注浆现场模型试验[J].中国地质大学学报(地球科学),2013,38(3):649-654.CHENG Pan,ZOU Jin-feng,LI Liang,et al.Experiment of fracture grouting in alluvium with physical model[J].Journal of China University of Geosciences(Earth Science),2013,38(3):649-654.
[15]刘振兴.基于平面模型下致密土体劈裂灌浆机理的试验研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2011.LIU Zhen-xing.Fracture grouting mechanism and experiment study in compact soil based on plane-strain mode[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2011.
[16]王起才,张戎令.劈裂注浆浆液走势与不同压力下土体位移试验研究[J].铁道学报,2011,33(12):107-111.WANG Qi-cai,ZHANG Rong-ling.Experimental research on the trend of slurry about fracturing grouting and soil displacement in different pressure[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2011,33(12):107-111.
[17]TAKATA T,SEKI H,MATSUMOTO T,et al.Field tests on improvement effects of fracture grouting in residential areas[J].Architectural Institute of Japan Journal of Technology and Design,2010,16(33):483-488.
[18]张忠苗,邹健,贺静漪,等.黏土中压密注浆及劈裂注浆室内模拟试验分析[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(12):1818-1824.ZHANG Zhong-miao,ZOU Jian,HE Jing-yi,et al.Laboratory tests on compaction grouting and fracture grouting of clay[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(12):1818-1824.
[19]CHEN T L,ZHANG L Y,ZHANG D L.An FEM/VOF hybrid formulation for fracture grouting modelling[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2014,58(5):14-27.
[20]孙锋,张顶立,陈铁林,等.土体劈裂注浆过程的细观模拟研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(3):474-480.SUN Feng,ZHANG Ding-li,CHEN Tie-lin,et al.Meso-mechanical simulation of fracture grouting in soil[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(3):474-480.
[21]唐智伟,赵成刚.注浆抬升地层的机制、解析解及数值模拟分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(6):1512-1516.TANG Zhi-wei,ZHAO Cheng-gang.Mechanisms of ground heave by grouting and analytical solutions&numerical modeling[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(6):1512-1516.
[22]SCHWEIGER H F,KUMMERER C,OTTERBEIN R,et al.Numerical modeling of settlement compensation by means of fracture grouting[J].Soils and Foundations,2004,44(1):71-86.
[23]钱宝源.软粘土经劈裂注浆后其压缩模量的计算[J].宁波大学学报,2007,20(3):385-387.QIAN Bao-yuan.Computation of compression modulus for fracture grouting of soft clay[J].Journal of Ningbo University,2007,20(3):385-387.
[24]郭炎伟,贺少辉,管晓明,等.劈裂注浆复合土体平面等效弹性模型理论研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(8):2193-2200.GUO Yan-wei,HE Shao-hui,GUAN Xiao-ming,et al.Theoretical study on equivalent plane elastic model of composite soils with fracturing grouting[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(8):219-2200.
[25]陈惠发.Elasticity and Plasticity(英文版)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.CHEN Hui-fa.Elasticity and plasticity(English version)[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2005.
[26]刘振宇,叶燎原,潘文.等效体积单元(RVE)在砌体有限元分析中的应用[J].工程力学,2003,20(2):31-35.LIU Zhen-yu,YE Liao-yuan,PAN wen.Application of representative volume element in the finite element analysis of masonry structures[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(2):31-35.
[27]中国建筑科学研究院.JGJ 79-2012,建筑地基处理技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.China Academy of Building Research.JGJ 79-2012Technical code for ground treatment of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2012.
[28]湖南省建筑工程集团总公司.JGJ 211-2010,建筑工程水泥-水玻璃双液注浆技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.Hunan Construction Engineering Group.JGJ 211-2010Technical specification for cement-silicate grouting in building engineering[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2010.
[29]WU Cheng-qing,HAO Hong.Derivation of 3D masonry properties using numerical homogenization technique[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,2006,66(11):1717-1737.
[30]ITASCA F.Fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in3-dimensions,version 3.0,manual[M].Minnesota:Itasca,1997.
[31]董淑棉,郭炎伟.注浆止水技术在热力工程竖井施工中的应用[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(2):182-187.DONG Shu-mian,GUO Yan-wei.Application of grouting for stopping water in shaft excavation for thermal engineering[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014,51(2):182-187.
[2]孙锋,张顶立,王臣,等.劈裂注浆抬升既有管道效果分析及工程应用[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):932-938.SUN Feng,ZHANG Ding-li,WANG Chen,et al.Analysis of raising pipeline by fracture grouting and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(3):932-938.
[3]王哲,龚晓楠,程永辉,等.劈裂注浆法在运营铁路软土地基处理中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(9):1619-1623.WANG Zhe,GONG Xiao-nan,CHENG Yong-hui,et al.Application of fracturing grouting method to treat soft foundation of operating railway[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(9):1619-1623.
[4]周书明,陈建军.软流塑淤泥质地层地铁区间隧道劈裂注浆加固[J].岩土工程学报,2002,24(2):222-224.ZHOU Shu-ming,CHEN Jian-jun.Hydrofracture grouting in soft flowing mucky ground for a metro tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2002,24(2):222-224.
[5]黄明利,管晓明,吕奇峰.基于弹性力学的诱导劈裂注浆机制分析[J].岩土力学,2013,34(7):2059-2064.HUANG Ming-li,GUAN Xiao-ming,LüQi-feng.Mechanism analysis of induced fracture grouting based on elasticity[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(7):2059-2064.
[6]张淼,邹金锋,陈嘉祺,等.非对称荷载作用下土体劈裂注浆压力分析[J].岩土力学,2013,34(8):2255-2283.ZHANG Miao,ZOU Jin-feng,CHEN Jia-qi,et al.Analysis of soil fracturing grouting pressure under asymmetric loads[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(8):2255-2283.
[7]BEZUIJEN A,TE GROTENHUIS R,VAN TOL A F,et al.Analytical model for fracture grouting in sand[J].Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2011,137(6):611-620.
[8]RIKARD G,H?KAN S.Fracture–fracture interaction during grouting[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2010,25(3):199-204.
[9]邹金峰,徐望国,罗强,等.饱和土中劈裂灌浆压力研究[J].岩土力学,2008,29(7):1802-1806.ZOU Jin-feng,XU Wang-guo,LUO Qiang,et al.Study on grouting pressure of fracture grouting in saturated soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(7):1802-1806.
[10]邹金锋,罗恒,李亮,等.考虑中主应力时土体劈裂灌浆力学机制的大变形分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(9):2515-2520.ZOU Jin-feng,LUO Heng,LI Liang,et al.Mechanism analysis of fracture grouting in soil with large strain considering intermediate principal stress[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(9):2515-2520.
[11]邹金锋,李亮,杨小礼,等.土体劈裂灌浆力学机理分析[J].岩土力学,2006,27(4):625-628.ZOU Jin-feng,LI Liang,YANG Xiao-li,et al.Mechanism analysis of fracture grouting in soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(4):625-628.
[12]邹金锋,李亮,杨小礼.劈裂注浆扩散半径及压力衰减分析[J].水利学报,2006,37(3):314-319.ZOU Jin-feng,LI Liang,YANG Xiao-li.Penetration radius and pressure attenuation law in fracturing grouting[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2006,37(3):314-319.
[13]李鹏,张庆松,张霄,等.基于模型试验的劈裂注浆机制分析[J].岩土力学,2014,35(11):3221-3230.LI Peng,ZHANG Qing-song,ZHANG Xiao,et al.Analysis of fracture grouting mechanism based on model test[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(11):3221-3230.
[14]程盼,邹金锋,李亮,等.冲积层中劈裂注浆现场模型试验[J].中国地质大学学报(地球科学),2013,38(3):649-654.CHENG Pan,ZOU Jin-feng,LI Liang,et al.Experiment of fracture grouting in alluvium with physical model[J].Journal of China University of Geosciences(Earth Science),2013,38(3):649-654.
[15]刘振兴.基于平面模型下致密土体劈裂灌浆机理的试验研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2011.LIU Zhen-xing.Fracture grouting mechanism and experiment study in compact soil based on plane-strain mode[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2011.
[16]王起才,张戎令.劈裂注浆浆液走势与不同压力下土体位移试验研究[J].铁道学报,2011,33(12):107-111.WANG Qi-cai,ZHANG Rong-ling.Experimental research on the trend of slurry about fracturing grouting and soil displacement in different pressure[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2011,33(12):107-111.
[17]TAKATA T,SEKI H,MATSUMOTO T,et al.Field tests on improvement effects of fracture grouting in residential areas[J].Architectural Institute of Japan Journal of Technology and Design,2010,16(33):483-488.
[18]张忠苗,邹健,贺静漪,等.黏土中压密注浆及劈裂注浆室内模拟试验分析[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(12):1818-1824.ZHANG Zhong-miao,ZOU Jian,HE Jing-yi,et al.Laboratory tests on compaction grouting and fracture grouting of clay[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(12):1818-1824.
[19]CHEN T L,ZHANG L Y,ZHANG D L.An FEM/VOF hybrid formulation for fracture grouting modelling[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2014,58(5):14-27.
[20]孙锋,张顶立,陈铁林,等.土体劈裂注浆过程的细观模拟研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(3):474-480.SUN Feng,ZHANG Ding-li,CHEN Tie-lin,et al.Meso-mechanical simulation of fracture grouting in soil[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(3):474-480.
[21]唐智伟,赵成刚.注浆抬升地层的机制、解析解及数值模拟分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(6):1512-1516.TANG Zhi-wei,ZHAO Cheng-gang.Mechanisms of ground heave by grouting and analytical solutions&numerical modeling[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(6):1512-1516.
[22]SCHWEIGER H F,KUMMERER C,OTTERBEIN R,et al.Numerical modeling of settlement compensation by means of fracture grouting[J].Soils and Foundations,2004,44(1):71-86.
[23]钱宝源.软粘土经劈裂注浆后其压缩模量的计算[J].宁波大学学报,2007,20(3):385-387.QIAN Bao-yuan.Computation of compression modulus for fracture grouting of soft clay[J].Journal of Ningbo University,2007,20(3):385-387.
[24]郭炎伟,贺少辉,管晓明,等.劈裂注浆复合土体平面等效弹性模型理论研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(8):2193-2200.GUO Yan-wei,HE Shao-hui,GUAN Xiao-ming,et al.Theoretical study on equivalent plane elastic model of composite soils with fracturing grouting[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(8):219-2200.
[25]陈惠发.Elasticity and Plasticity(英文版)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.CHEN Hui-fa.Elasticity and plasticity(English version)[M].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2005.
[26]刘振宇,叶燎原,潘文.等效体积单元(RVE)在砌体有限元分析中的应用[J].工程力学,2003,20(2):31-35.LIU Zhen-yu,YE Liao-yuan,PAN wen.Application of representative volume element in the finite element analysis of masonry structures[J].Engineering Mechanics,2003,20(2):31-35.
[27]中国建筑科学研究院.JGJ 79-2012,建筑地基处理技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.China Academy of Building Research.JGJ 79-2012Technical code for ground treatment of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2012.
[28]湖南省建筑工程集团总公司.JGJ 211-2010,建筑工程水泥-水玻璃双液注浆技术规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.Hunan Construction Engineering Group.JGJ 211-2010Technical specification for cement-silicate grouting in building engineering[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2010.
[29]WU Cheng-qing,HAO Hong.Derivation of 3D masonry properties using numerical homogenization technique[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering,2006,66(11):1717-1737.
[30]ITASCA F.Fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in3-dimensions,version 3.0,manual[M].Minnesota:Itasca,1997.
[31]董淑棉,郭炎伟.注浆止水技术在热力工程竖井施工中的应用[J].现代隧道技术,2014,51(2):182-187.DONG Shu-mian,GUO Yan-wei.Application of grouting for stopping water in shaft excavation for thermal engineering[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2014,51(2):182-187.