家兔福利散养与笼养比较研究
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摘要
为了探讨福利散养与笼养模式对肉兔生产性能、兔肉理化指标和血液生理生化指标的影响,试验采用单因子设计,选择健康的体重相近的断奶伊拉商品兔97只,随机分成2组,分别采用笼养和福利散养模式饲养。对照组为笼养组,共有48只试验兔;试验组为福利散养组,共有49只试验兔,饲养在7 m2的散养空间。两组试验兔饲喂相同的饲粮,试验期为45 d,测定体重、死亡数、血液生理生化指标、屠宰指标及兔肉理化指标等,并进行了经济效益分析。结果表明:散养组试验兔平均日增重显著低于笼养组(P<0. 05)。散养组试验兔死亡率高于笼养组,与笼养组相比,散养组试验兔死亡率提高了14. 03%。散养组与笼养组试验兔血液生理指标之间差异不显著(P>0. 05);散养组试验兔血液胆固醇含量显著高于笼养组(P<0. 05),其他血液生化指标差异不显著(P>0. 05)。屠宰指标两组间差异不显著(P>0. 05)。散养组与笼养组兔肉化学指标差异不显著(P>0. 05),散养组兔肉p H值极显著高于笼养组(P<0. 01),肉色较笼养组鲜红;散养对试验兔肉质TPA指标影响不显著,但散养有改善兔肉口感的趋势;散养组兔肉鲜味氨基酸含量低于笼养组。另外,经计算福利散养的经济效益较笼养高16. 33%。说明福利散养不仅为家兔提供足够的生存空间,使家兔能够充分表达其生活习性,还有利于养殖者经济效益的提高。
In order to ascertain the influences of welfare free-range and cage mode on production performance and Physiological and biochemical indicators of meat rabbit,using one factor experimental design,healthy and similar weight 97 weaning white rabbits were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups,which were cage group and welfare free-range group. The control group is cage group,containing 48 rabbits in all. the experimental group is welfare free-range group.The rabbits were fed in a 7 m2 space,stocking density was 7 rabbits per square meter,rabbits of two groups were fed with same diet,the experimental period is 45 d. The body weight,the mortality rate,blood physiological and biochemical indicators,slaughtering performance indicators,physical and chemical indicators of meat were measured,and the economic benefit is analyzed.The results showed that: The average daily gain of the free-range group was significantly lower than cage group( P<0. 05). The death rate of the free-range group was higher than cage groups,the death rate in the free-range group were increased by 14. 03% compared with the cage group. The free-range group and cage group had no significant difference on blood physiological indicators( P>0. 05); blood cholesterol of free-range group was significantly higher than cage group( P<0. 05),other blood biochemical indexes had no significant differences in two groups( P> 0. 05).There was no significant difference on slaughtering performance in two groups( P>0. 05).The free-range group and cage group had no significant difference on chemical indexs of meat( P>0. 05).The pH velue of free-range group was extremely higher than cage group( P< 0. 01),meat is more redder in welfare free-range group than in cage group.The free-range stocking have no significant influence on meat TPA index.The freerange could improve the taste of the meat. The meat flavor amino acid content of welfare free-range group is lower than cage group. The welfare free-range group could improve the economic benefits( 16. 33%) than that in cage group. It indicated that the welfare free-range groups could not only supported living space which can fully express the life habits,but also could improve the economic benefits.
In order to ascertain the influences of welfare free-range and cage mode on production performance and Physiological and biochemical indicators of meat rabbit,using one factor experimental design,healthy and similar weight 97 weaning white rabbits were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups,which were cage group and welfare free-range group. The control group is cage group,containing 48 rabbits in all. the experimental group is welfare free-range group.The rabbits were fed in a 7 m2 space,stocking density was 7 rabbits per square meter,rabbits of two groups were fed with same diet,the experimental period is 45 d. The body weight,the mortality rate,blood physiological and biochemical indicators,slaughtering performance indicators,physical and chemical indicators of meat were measured,and the economic benefit is analyzed.The results showed that: The average daily gain of the free-range group was significantly lower than cage group( P<0. 05). The death rate of the free-range group was higher than cage groups,the death rate in the free-range group were increased by 14. 03% compared with the cage group. The free-range group and cage group had no significant difference on blood physiological indicators( P>0. 05); blood cholesterol of free-range group was significantly higher than cage group( P<0. 05),other blood biochemical indexes had no significant differences in two groups( P> 0. 05).There was no significant difference on slaughtering performance in two groups( P>0. 05).The free-range group and cage group had no significant difference on chemical indexs of meat( P>0. 05).The pH velue of free-range group was extremely higher than cage group( P< 0. 01),meat is more redder in welfare free-range group than in cage group.The free-range stocking have no significant influence on meat TPA index.The freerange could improve the taste of the meat. The meat flavor amino acid content of welfare free-range group is lower than cage group. The welfare free-range group could improve the economic benefits( 16. 33%) than that in cage group. It indicated that the welfare free-range groups could not only supported living space which can fully express the life habits,but also could improve the economic benefits.
引文
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[3]温靖,顾为望,杨海英.SPF级新西兰兔血液生理生化指标的测定[J].动物医学进展,2005,26(1):81-83.
[4]王玉山.黄芪对肉仔鸡增重的影响[J].中国家禽,1995(5):14-15.
[5]杨桂芹,孙佳易,郭东新,等.饲粮纤维源及粗纤维水平对肉兔颗粒饲料质量、生长性能和肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(10):3084-3093.
[6]袁政委.中草药添加剂对獭兔生产性能及肉品质和毛皮质量的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2009.
[7]王乐成,余冰,蔡景义,等.日粮脂质对家兔肉品质的影响概述[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(3):51-55.
[8]李里特.食品物性学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001.
[9]羿庆燕.不同质量等级延边黄牛肉品质的比较研究[D].延吉:延边大学,2013.
[10]刘汉丽,张红霞,韩玲,等.甘南牦牛肉成熟过程中剪切力、钙激活酶变化规律分析[J].畜牧兽医杂志,2013,32(1):31-32.