潜艇居住舱室空调送风舒适度数值模拟评估
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摘要
[目的]潜艇舱室环境普遍较恶劣,需提高居住性,基于此,对采用球形布风器的潜艇舱室空调送风气流组织进行研究,评估舱室热舒适度。[方法]使用CATIA构建高精确度的舱室三维模型,采用计算流体力学(CFD)技术,根据实际边界条件,对舱室夏冬两季在水面和水下工况下的送风气流组织进行数值模拟,对使用球形布风器改变送风方向的夏季水面工况送风气流组织进行数值模拟,对各工况下舱室温度及速度分布进行分析对比,对舱室的舒适性评价指标(PMV)值进行计算分析。[结果]结果表明,在各工况下,舱室PMV值在-1～1之间;舱室内大部分区域气流速度分布较为均匀,速度适宜,小于0.3 m/s;舱室大部分区域温度较为均匀,夏季约为24.5～26℃,冬季约为22～23.5℃。[结论]采用球形布风器的潜艇典型住舱空调送风满足舒适性标准要求。
[Objectives] In response to the need for improved habitability arising from the harsh environment of submarine accommodation, this paper studies the conditioned air distribution for submarine accommodation equipped with spherical air distributors,and evaluate the thermal comfort of the accommodation.[Methods]A high-precision three-dimensional model of accommodation is constructed with CATIA,and according to the actual boundary conditions,the numerical simulation of air distribution in the accommodation under surface and underwater conditions in summer and winter,and the numerical simulation of the conditioned air distribution in the accommodation with spherical air distributors under summer surface condition are carried out by using the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)technology.Besides,the distribution of the air temperature and velocity in the accommodation under each working condition is analyzed and compared,and the PMV value of the accommodation is calculated and analyzed.[Results]It is shown that the PMV values of the accommodation are-1-1 under each working condition,the air velocity distribution in most areas of the accommodation is uniform,with the average air velocity of less than 0.3 m/s,and the temperature distribution in most areas of the accommodation is uniform,with average air temperature of about 24.5-26 ℃ in summer,and about 22-23.5 ℃ in winter.[Conclusions]The typical air conditioning comfort of the submarine accommodation equipped with spherical air distributors is up to the standard.
[Objectives] In response to the need for improved habitability arising from the harsh environment of submarine accommodation, this paper studies the conditioned air distribution for submarine accommodation equipped with spherical air distributors,and evaluate the thermal comfort of the accommodation.[Methods]A high-precision three-dimensional model of accommodation is constructed with CATIA,and according to the actual boundary conditions,the numerical simulation of air distribution in the accommodation under surface and underwater conditions in summer and winter,and the numerical simulation of the conditioned air distribution in the accommodation with spherical air distributors under summer surface condition are carried out by using the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)technology.Besides,the distribution of the air temperature and velocity in the accommodation under each working condition is analyzed and compared,and the PMV value of the accommodation is calculated and analyzed.[Results]It is shown that the PMV values of the accommodation are-1-1 under each working condition,the air velocity distribution in most areas of the accommodation is uniform,with the average air velocity of less than 0.3 m/s,and the temperature distribution in most areas of the accommodation is uniform,with average air temperature of about 24.5-26 ℃ in summer,and about 22-23.5 ℃ in winter.[Conclusions]The typical air conditioning comfort of the submarine accommodation equipped with spherical air distributors is up to the standard.
引文
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[2]吴显庆,钱付平,阚竟生,等.通风方式对室内热舒适性影响的数值模拟[J].制冷与空调,2015,29(1):16-21.WU X Q,QIAN F P,KAN J S,et al.Numerical simu.lation on indoor thermal comfort for different ventila.tion methods[J].Refrigeration and Air Conditioning,2015,29(1):16-21(in Chinese).
[3]连之伟,刘蔚巍.空调房间气流组织与人体热舒适[J].建筑热能通风空调,2006,25(5):22-26.LIAN Z W,LIU W W.Indoor air diffusion and human thermal comfort[J].Building Energy&Environment,2006,25(5):22-26(in Chinese).
[4]郭宝坤,李慧子,刘鑫,等.船用布风器冬季工况射流流场模拟及试验研究[J].制冷与空调,2016,16(12):26-30.GUO B K,LI H Z,LIU X,et al.Numerical and exper.imental research on jet flow field of marine air distribu.tor under winter condition[J].Refrigeration and Air Conditioning,2016,16(12):26-30(in Chinese).
[5]秦晓.舰船住舱气流组织数值研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2015.QIN X.The numerical studies on air distribution of shipcabin[D].Dalian:DalianMaritimeUniversity,2015.
[6]中国船舶工业集团公司.船舶设计实用手册-舾装分册[M].3版.北京:国防工业出版社,2013:610-623.
[7]ASHRAE.2005 ASHRAE handbook fundamentals[M].Atlanta,GA:ASHRAE,2005:811-812.
[8]中国人民解放军总装备部.舰船通用规范5组辅助系统:GJB 4000-2000[S].北京:中国人民解放军总装备部,2000:59-66.The General Armament Department of the PLA.Gener.al specifications for naval ships Part 5 auxiliary systems:GJB4000-2000[S].Beijing:The General Armament Department of the PLA,2000:59-66(in Chinese).
[9]李经.常规潜艇舱室大气环境控制技术与研究[J].舰船电子工程,2009,29(1):42-45.LI J.Study on the cabin atmosphere control technology of submarines[J].Ship Electronic Engineering,2009,29(1):42-45(in Chinese).
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