风电叶片单/双轴测试及其全场三维变形分析
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摘要
进行了风电叶片单/双轴静载试验,采用数字图像相关技术监测其全场三维变形。结果表明,在各荷载工况下,风电叶片的三维位移分布具有良好规律,应变分布则无明显规律。在三个方向位移中,平面外位移远大于平面内位移。单/双轴荷载作用下,风电叶片三维位移存在显著差异,且位移差值随加载等级增大而增大。在风电叶片全场范围内,双轴荷载作用下的挥舞方向位移大于同级单轴荷载作用下的挥舞方向位移。在叶根至74%叶长(100cm)区段内,双轴荷载作用下的摆振方向位移大于同级单轴荷载作用下的摆振方向位移;而在74%叶长至叶尖区段内,则反之。在叶根至41%叶长(55cm)区域内,单双轴各工况下的展向位移几乎接近于0;而在41%叶长至叶尖区域内,双轴荷载作用下的展向位移大于同级单轴荷载作用下的展向位移。
A wind turbine blade was tested for the full-field 3D deformations under uniaxial and biaxial static loads by making use of digital image correlation technique. The results showed that the 3D displacements of the wind turbine blade are well distributed while the strains are not. Among the three displacements,the out-of-plane displacement is much larger than the in-plane displacement. The 3D displacements of the wind turbine blade induced by the biaxial loads differ significantly from their counterparts induced by uniaxial loads,and the differences increase as the load increases. In the full field of the wind turbine blade,the flapwise displacements under biaxial loading are greater than that under uniaxial loading of the same level. From the root up to 74% of the blade length( 100cm),the edgewise displacements under dual-axis loading are larger than those under single-axis loading,while it is contrary in the rest part of the blade. The spanwise displacements generated by uniaxial and biaxial loading are almost 0 in the region of 0 ~ 41% of the blade length. In the rest region of the blade,the spanwise displacements under biaxial loading are greater than that under uniaxial loading of the same level.
A wind turbine blade was tested for the full-field 3D deformations under uniaxial and biaxial static loads by making use of digital image correlation technique. The results showed that the 3D displacements of the wind turbine blade are well distributed while the strains are not. Among the three displacements,the out-of-plane displacement is much larger than the in-plane displacement. The 3D displacements of the wind turbine blade induced by the biaxial loads differ significantly from their counterparts induced by uniaxial loads,and the differences increase as the load increases. In the full field of the wind turbine blade,the flapwise displacements under biaxial loading are greater than that under uniaxial loading of the same level. From the root up to 74% of the blade length( 100cm),the edgewise displacements under dual-axis loading are larger than those under single-axis loading,while it is contrary in the rest part of the blade. The spanwise displacements generated by uniaxial and biaxial loading are almost 0 in the region of 0 ~ 41% of the blade length. In the rest region of the blade,the spanwise displacements under biaxial loading are greater than that under uniaxial loading of the same level.
引文
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[16]孙伟,何小元.数字图像相关方法在土木测试领域中的实验研究[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2009,41(2):271-275.
[17]豆红尧,周华飞,秦良忠,等.风电叶片全场三维变形测试及分析[J].太阳能学报,已录用.
[18]Branner K,Berring P,Berggreen C,et al.Torsional performance of wind turbine blades-part II:numerical validation[A].Sixteenth International Conference on Composite Materials[C].Kyoto,Japan:2007.
[2]IEC 61400-22,Wind Turbines Part 22:Comformity testing and certification[S].
[3]Le Blanc B.,Niezrecki C.,Avitabile P.,et al.Full-field inspection of a wind turbine blade using three-dimensional digital image correlation[J].Proceedings of SPIE,2011,7979.
[4]Jensen F.M.,Falzon B.G.,Ankersen J.,et al.Structural testing and numerical simulation of a 34 m composite wind turbine blade[J].Composite Structures,2006,76(1-2):52-61.
[5]曹人靖,刘道兴.水平轴风力机风轮静态结构特性试验研究[J].太阳能学报,2001,22(4):436-439.
[6]李海波.风力机叶片静力测试与分析[J].电网与清洁能源,2013,4(29):100-104.
[7]杨婷,邓文超,杨贺,等.风电叶片静载荷应变测试试验[J].实验室研究与探索,2011,11(30):33-35,39.
[8]Malhotra P.,Hyers R.W.,Manwell J.F.,et al.A review and design study of blade testing systems for utility-scale wind turbines[J].Renewable and sustainable energy review,2012,16(1):284-292.
[9]GB/T 25384-2010,风力发电机组风轮叶片全尺寸结构试验[S].
[10]Yamaguchi,I..A laser-speckle strain gauge[J].Journal of Physics E:Scientific Instruments,1981,14(11):1270-1273.
[11]Peters W.H.,Ranson W.F.Digital image techniques in experimental stress analysis[J].Optical Engineering,1982,21(3):427-431.
[12]金观昌,孟利波,陈俊达,等.数字散斑相关技术进展及应用[J].实验力学,2006,21(6):689-702.
[13]冯雪,谢惠民,詹世革,等.第一届全国实验力学青年学者学术研讨会简介[J].力学进展,2011,41(2):235-237.
[14]姚学锋,林碧森,简龙晖,等.立体摄影术与数字散斑相关方法相结合应用研究三维变形场[J].光学技术,2003,29(4):473-476,479.
[15]佘跃心.土体变形测量的图像相关技术研究进展[J].建筑科学,2005,21(3):39-43.
[16]孙伟,何小元.数字图像相关方法在土木测试领域中的实验研究[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2009,41(2):271-275.
[17]豆红尧,周华飞,秦良忠,等.风电叶片全场三维变形测试及分析[J].太阳能学报,已录用.
[18]Branner K,Berring P,Berggreen C,et al.Torsional performance of wind turbine blades-part II:numerical validation[A].Sixteenth International Conference on Composite Materials[C].Kyoto,Japan:2007.