北碚榕试管苗优质苗木的培育
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摘要
以北碚榕试管苗为材料,炼苗后采用可降解的无纺布育苗袋育苗,研究不同育苗基质(品氏营养土、蛭石、珍珠岩、林下腐殖土的不同体积混合物)、不同叶面追肥(0.5%～2%尿素、NPK复合肥和Hoagland营养液)对苗木生长和移栽成活率的影响.结果表明,最佳育苗基质为品氏营养土,试管苗移栽30d后株高增加1.90cm,叶片增加2.75枚,移栽成活率为96.29%;最适叶面追肥为1%尿素,喷施30d后(1次/3d),株高增加1.94cm,叶片增加3.2枚,移栽成活率达100%;株高7～9cm(叶龄5～8枚)的苗木,移栽田间30d后,株高增加1.4cm,叶片增加3.4枚,移栽存活率达96.25%,长势良好.
In this experiment,the test-tube seedlings of Ficus beipeiensis have been used as materials,the effects of different substrate(Pinkevitch nutrition soil,vermiculite,perlite,humus soil under the forest and their mixtures of different volumes)and foliar topdressing(0.5%-2% urea,NPK compound fertilizer and Hoagland nutrient solution)on seedling growth and transplanting survival rate have been studied by using biodegradable non-woven bag seedling breeding after the test-tube seedlings were refined.The results show that the optimum seedling substrate was Pinkevitch nutrition soil,the plant height increased by1.90 cm,the number of leaves increased by 2.75,and the survival rate of transplantation was 96.29%after the plantlets transplantation for 30days;the optimum foliar topdressing was 1%urea,the plant height increased by 1.94 cm,the number of leaves increased by 3.2,and the transplanting survival rate reached100%after foliar fertilization for 30days(once every 3days);after transplanting for 30 days,the seedlings with height of 7-9cm and 5-8leaves increased by 1.4cm,the number of leaves increased by 3.4,the survival rate reached 96.25%,and the seedlings grew well in the field.
In this experiment,the test-tube seedlings of Ficus beipeiensis have been used as materials,the effects of different substrate(Pinkevitch nutrition soil,vermiculite,perlite,humus soil under the forest and their mixtures of different volumes)and foliar topdressing(0.5%-2% urea,NPK compound fertilizer and Hoagland nutrient solution)on seedling growth and transplanting survival rate have been studied by using biodegradable non-woven bag seedling breeding after the test-tube seedlings were refined.The results show that the optimum seedling substrate was Pinkevitch nutrition soil,the plant height increased by1.90 cm,the number of leaves increased by 2.75,and the survival rate of transplantation was 96.29%after the plantlets transplantation for 30days;the optimum foliar topdressing was 1%urea,the plant height increased by 1.94 cm,the number of leaves increased by 3.2,and the transplanting survival rate reached100%after foliar fertilization for 30days(once every 3days);after transplanting for 30 days,the seedlings with height of 7-9cm and 5-8leaves increased by 1.4cm,the number of leaves increased by 3.4,the survival rate reached 96.25%,and the seedlings grew well in the field.
引文
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[2]邓洪平,李运婷,陈龙,等.北碚榕(Ficus beipeiensis S.S Chang)形态特征与花部显微特征研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(11):57-63.
[3]汪松,解焱.中国物种红色名录:第1卷:红色名录[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004:316.
[4]重庆市人民政府.重庆市人民政府关于公布重庆市重点保护野生植物名录(第一批)的通知(渝府发[2015]7号)[N/OL].(2015-02-13).http://www.cq.gov.cn/publicity/nylysl/ly/2318.
[5]齐亮.北碚榕繁殖技术研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2010.
[6]齐亮,李先源,李名杨.北碚榕扦插繁殖技术研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(6):2906-2907.
[7]张艳玲,唐澄莹,何夫,等.珍稀濒危植物北碚榕的组培快繁[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(4):471-475.
[8]汪云叶.北碚榕离体快速繁殖关键技术研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2018.
[9]扈延伍.苗木出圃的质量指标探讨[J].现代园艺,2018(8):217-217.
[10]杨丽.浅谈园林苗木质量标准与出圃[J].农技服务,2017,34(7):108,106.
[11]丁天茼,何建勇.姜英淑:新一轮百万亩造林工程需高质量苗木[J].绿化与生活,2018(7):25-28.
[12]李汉东.林业工程苗木培育及移植造林技术[J].时代农机,2018,45(4):27-27.
[13]甘钰年.容器育苗技术在林业生产中的应用[J].绿色科技,2018(7):99-100.
[14]林国祚,彭彦,谢耀坚.国内外容器苗控根技术研究[J].桉树科技,2012,29(2):47-52.
[15]卫星,吕琳,李贵雨,等.空气修根对水曲柳无纺布袋容器苗生长及根系发育的影响[J].林业科学,2016,52(9):133-138.
[16]王旭艳.不同基质、肥料及控根技术对浙江楠容器苗快速成型的影响[D].临安:浙江农林大学,2013.
[17]方保,赵正雄,刘彦中,等.漂浮育苗不同基质对烤烟苗生长的影响[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2015,40(8):53-57.
[18]陈曦,刘志洋.丹麦品氏托普基质对矮牵牛穴盘苗发芽和生长的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014(6):81-84.
[19]HEISKANEN J,LAHTI M,LUORANEN J,et al.Nutrient Loading Has a Transitory Effect on the Nitrogen Status and Growth of Outplanted Norway Spruce Seedlings[J].Silva Fennica,2009,43(2):249-260.
[20]刘景巍,郑德龙,王忠良,等.施用氮肥对紫杉幼树生长的影响[J].吉林林业科技,2018,47(3):7-8,44.