基于有限元方法的储层地应力修正研究
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摘要
地应力是油气储层评价的基础参数,传统常用的单井地应力求解往往只依托于测井数据及岩石力学实验,未考虑整体力学模型中地层岩石非均质性对地应力的影响。研究以准噶尔盆地中部4区块董11井为例,采用整体力学模型分析的方法对目的储层地应力进行修正。根据地层岩石的物理性质及岩石力学参数对井场周围地区进行划分及整体三维建模,并用ANSYS有限元软件对其整体模型进行力学分析,从而对地应力计算结果进行修正,得出研究区目的层地应力分布情况。研究结果表明,修正后的地应力值与修正前的地应力值在地层薄弱(坚硬)层段水平最小主应力值相差16%～17%左右,水平最大主应力值相差22%～23%左右。修正后的地应力可以很好地体现地层在沉积过程中造成的岩石物理性质非均质性对地应力非均质性的影响,反映了储层地应力的真实变化特征。
Ground stress is the basic parameter for oil and gas reservoir evaluation. The traditional solution of ground stress of single well usually relies on logging data and rock mechanics experiments, without considering the effect of formation rock heterogeneity on ground stress in the whole mechanical model. Therefore, Well Dong 11 in Block 4 in the middle of the Junggar Basin is taken as an example to correct the ground stress of the target reservoir with the analysis method of global mechanics model in this study, then the division of the area around the well site and 3 D modeling of the whole well were based on the physical properties of formation rocks and rock mechanics parameters, and the ground stress distribution situation of the target in the study area was obtained with the correction in calculation results of ground stress through mechanical analysis of the integrated model by using the finite element software ANSYS. The results show that the difference value of the level interval minimum principal stress between before correction and after correction in the weak(firm) stratum is about 16%～17%, and that of the maximum principal stress value is about 22%～23%. The corrected ground stress can well reflect the influence of the heterogeneity of rock physical properties on the heterogeneity of ground stress, and reflect the real variation characteristics of reservoir ground stress.
Ground stress is the basic parameter for oil and gas reservoir evaluation. The traditional solution of ground stress of single well usually relies on logging data and rock mechanics experiments, without considering the effect of formation rock heterogeneity on ground stress in the whole mechanical model. Therefore, Well Dong 11 in Block 4 in the middle of the Junggar Basin is taken as an example to correct the ground stress of the target reservoir with the analysis method of global mechanics model in this study, then the division of the area around the well site and 3 D modeling of the whole well were based on the physical properties of formation rocks and rock mechanics parameters, and the ground stress distribution situation of the target in the study area was obtained with the correction in calculation results of ground stress through mechanical analysis of the integrated model by using the finite element software ANSYS. The results show that the difference value of the level interval minimum principal stress between before correction and after correction in the weak(firm) stratum is about 16%～17%, and that of the maximum principal stress value is about 22%～23%. The corrected ground stress can well reflect the influence of the heterogeneity of rock physical properties on the heterogeneity of ground stress, and reflect the real variation characteristics of reservoir ground stress.
引文
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[13] YIN S,ZHOU W,SHAN Y M,et al.Assessment of the geostress field of deep-thick gypsum cap rocks:A case study of Paleogene Formation in the southwestern Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2017,154:76-90.
[14] 秦向辉,谭成轩,孙进忠,等.地应力与岩石弹性模量关系试验研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(6):1690-1695.QIN Xianghui,TAN Chengxuan,SUN Jinzhong,et al.Experimental study of relation between in-situ crustal stress and rock elastic modulus[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(6):1690-1695.(in Chinese with English abstract)
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[16] 李静,刘震,张媛,等.基于多元线性回归方法的地应力研究[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(25):6163-6165,6171.LI Jing,LIU Zhen,ZHANG Yuan,et al.The research of crustal stress distribution by using multivariate linear regression[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2010,10(25):6163-6165,6171.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[17] 孙连环,鲍洪志,杨顺辉.准噶尔盆地中部区块地应力求取研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(2):18-20.SUN Lianhuan,BAO Hongzhi,YANG Shunhui.Investigation of terrestrial stress in middle Zhunger basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2007,35(2):18-20.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[18] 闫相祯,王保辉,杨秀娟,等.确定地应力场边界载荷的有限元优化方法研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(10):1485-1490.YAN Xiangzhen,WANG Baohui,YANG Xiujuan,et al.Finite element optimization method of boundary load of in-situ stress field[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(10):1485-1490.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19] 侯明勋,葛修润.三维地应力计算模型研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(10):2017-2021.HOU Mingxun,GE Xiurun.Study on a calculation model for 3D in-situ rock stress tensor[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(10):2017-2021.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[20] 刘爱华,杨清,吴均平.ANSYS三维地应力场数值模拟方法应用研究[J].地质力学学报,2013,19(2):133-142.LIU Aihua,YANG Qing,WU Junping.A practical ANSYS 3-D numerical simulation method for in-situ stress field[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2013,19(2):133-142.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[2] LIAN P Q,CHENG L S,DENG B Z.Simulation of ground stress field and fracture anticipation with effect of pore pressure[J].Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics,2011,56(1):34-41.
[3] 钟城,秦启荣,周吉羚,等.现今地应力对富有机质页岩断层封闭性的研究——以川东南丁山地区龙马溪组为例[J].地质力学学报,2018,24(4):452-464.ZHONG Cheng,QIN Qirong,ZHOU Jiling,et al.Study on fault sealing of organic-rich shale by present stress:a case study of Longmaxi Formation in Dingshan Area,Southeast Sichuan[J].,2018,24(4):452-464.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[4] 杨红,许亮,何衡,等.利用测井、压裂资料求取储层地应力的方法[J].断块油气田,2014,21(4):509-512.YANG Hong,XU Liang,HE Heng,et al.Method for obtaining ground stress of reservoir using logging and fracturing data[J].Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field,2014,21(4):509-512.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] 余雄鹰,王越之,李自俊.声波法计算水平主地应力值[J].石油学报,1996,17(3):59-63.YU Xiongying,WANG Yuezhi,LI Zijun.Calculation of horizontal principal in-situ stress with acoustic wave method[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1996,17(3):59-63.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[6] 李静,查明,刘振.基于声波测井资料的地应力分布研究——以饶阳凹陷任北奥陶系潜山为例[J].岩土力学,2011,32(9):2765-2770.LI Jing,ZHA Ming,LIU Zhen.Research on crustal stress distribution based on acoustic logging data——Taking North Region of Renqiu Ordovician Buried Hill of Raoyang Depression for example[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(9):2765-2770.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] 闫萍.利用测井资料计算地应力及其在山前构造带的应用研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2007.YAN Ping.The earth stress calculation using well logging data and its applied research in piedmont structure[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum,2007.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] 闫萍,孙建孟,苏远大,等.利用测井资料计算新疆迪那气田地应力[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(5):611-614.YAN Ping,SUN Jianmeng,SU Yuanda,et al.The earth stress calculation using well logging data in Dina gas field of Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2006,27(5):611-614.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9] 冉利民.镇泾油田地应力研究及其应用[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2014.RAN Limin.The study of formation stress and its application in the Zhenjing Oil field[D].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences,2014.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[10] 张景和,刘翔鄂,刘勇谦.利用岩石声发射Kaiser效应测地应力的新方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1987,6(4):347-356.ZHANG Jinghe,LIU Xiange,LIU Yongqian.A new method for gauging Geostress in rock by Kaiser’s effect of acoustic emission[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1987,6(4):347-356.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] 鲍洪志,孙连环,于玲玲,等.利用岩石声发射Kaiser效应求取地应力[J].断块油气田,2009,16(6):94-96.BAO Hongzhi,SUN Lianhuan,YU Lingling,et al.Obtainment of ground stress by Kaiser effect of rock acoustic emission[J].Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field,2009,16(6):94-96.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] 杨秀娟,张敏,闫相祯.基于声波测井信息的岩石弹性力学参数研究[J].石油地质与工程,2008,22(4):39-42.YANG Xiujuan,ZHANG Min,YAN Xangzhen.Study on acoustic logging-based rock elasticity parameters[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2008,22(4):39-42.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] YIN S,ZHOU W,SHAN Y M,et al.Assessment of the geostress field of deep-thick gypsum cap rocks:A case study of Paleogene Formation in the southwestern Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2017,154:76-90.
[14] 秦向辉,谭成轩,孙进忠,等.地应力与岩石弹性模量关系试验研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(6):1690-1695.QIN Xianghui,TAN Chengxuan,SUN Jinzhong,et al.Experimental study of relation between in-situ crustal stress and rock elastic modulus[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(6):1690-1695.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[15] 刘之的,夏宏泉,陈平.岩石泊松比的测井计算方法研究[J].测井技术,2004,28(6):508-510.LIU Zhidi,XIA Hongquan,CHEN Ping.On calculating method of the rock Poisson ratio using well logging data[J].Well Logging Technology,2004,28(6):508-510.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16] 李静,刘震,张媛,等.基于多元线性回归方法的地应力研究[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(25):6163-6165,6171.LI Jing,LIU Zhen,ZHANG Yuan,et al.The research of crustal stress distribution by using multivariate linear regression[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2010,10(25):6163-6165,6171.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[17] 孙连环,鲍洪志,杨顺辉.准噶尔盆地中部区块地应力求取研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(2):18-20.SUN Lianhuan,BAO Hongzhi,YANG Shunhui.Investigation of terrestrial stress in middle Zhunger basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2007,35(2):18-20.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[18] 闫相祯,王保辉,杨秀娟,等.确定地应力场边界载荷的有限元优化方法研究[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(10):1485-1490.YAN Xiangzhen,WANG Baohui,YANG Xiujuan,et al.Finite element optimization method of boundary load of in-situ stress field[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(10):1485-1490.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[19] 侯明勋,葛修润.三维地应力计算模型研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(10):2017-2021.HOU Mingxun,GE Xiurun.Study on a calculation model for 3D in-situ rock stress tensor[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(10):2017-2021.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[20] 刘爱华,杨清,吴均平.ANSYS三维地应力场数值模拟方法应用研究[J].地质力学学报,2013,19(2):133-142.LIU Aihua,YANG Qing,WU Junping.A practical ANSYS 3-D numerical simulation method for in-situ stress field[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2013,19(2):133-142.(in Chinese with English abstract)