高校重大科研项目团队心理资本对创新绩效的影响
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摘要
本研究通过对8所高校和4所研究所的127个重大科研项目团队(共580名成员)进行调查,重点对高校的105个重大科研项目团队(共498名成员)进行分析,结果发现:团队心理资本对团队创新绩效具有正向预测作用;团队责任心在团队心理资本与团队创新绩效关系中的中介效应不显著,而团队知识的中介效应显著;团队责任心和团队知识协同在团队心理资本与团队创新绩效关系中起链式中介效应。高校可从以下方面加强对高校重大科研项目团队的管理:在充分考虑研究者的学识和科研能力的同时,积极关注团队成员的心理资本水平和责任心水平;切实加强战略思维、系统思维和辩证思维,持续提升总揽全局的能力;切实加强对团队成员心理品质的建设;通过组会、"请进来、走出去"等方式不断推进重大科研项目团队内部、内部和外部间的知识协同。
This paper investigated 127 major R&D project teams(580 researchers)in 8 universities and4 institutes.We focused on the analysis of 105 major R&D project teams(498 researchers)in universities.The empirical results show that team psychological capital has a positive prediction effect on team innovation performance;team conscientiousness doesn′t play a mediation role in the relationship between team psychological capital and team innovation performance,but team knowledge plays a significant mediation role in the relationship;team conscientiousness and team knowledge collaboration have a chain mediation effect in the relationship between team psychological capital and team innovation performance.Colleges and universities could strengthen the management of major research project teams from the following aspects:while fully considering the knowledge and research ability of researchers,they should actively pay attention to the level of psychological capital and responsibility of team members;effectively strengthen strategic thinking,systematic thinking and dialectical thinking,and continuously enhance the ability of grasping the overall situation;effectively strengthen the construction of team members′psychological quality;and promotes the knowledge collaboration within,inside and outside of major research project teams through organizing meetings,inviting in and going out.
This paper investigated 127 major R&D project teams(580 researchers)in 8 universities and4 institutes.We focused on the analysis of 105 major R&D project teams(498 researchers)in universities.The empirical results show that team psychological capital has a positive prediction effect on team innovation performance;team conscientiousness doesn′t play a mediation role in the relationship between team psychological capital and team innovation performance,but team knowledge plays a significant mediation role in the relationship;team conscientiousness and team knowledge collaboration have a chain mediation effect in the relationship between team psychological capital and team innovation performance.Colleges and universities could strengthen the management of major research project teams from the following aspects:while fully considering the knowledge and research ability of researchers,they should actively pay attention to the level of psychological capital and responsibility of team members;effectively strengthen strategic thinking,systematic thinking and dialectical thinking,and continuously enhance the ability of grasping the overall situation;effectively strengthen the construction of team members′psychological quality;and promotes the knowledge collaboration within,inside and outside of major research project teams through organizing meetings,inviting in and going out.
引文
[1]习近平.在北京大学师生座谈会上的讲话[N].人民日报,2018-05-03(02).
[2]李林英,徐礼平.重大科研项目团队心理资本维度及与创新绩效的关系[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(20):132-138.
[3]于兆良,孙武斌.团队心理资本的开发与管理[J].科技管理研究,2011(2):157-160.
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[11]徐礼平,李林英.知识协同视角的高校重大科研项目团队创新绩效:个案剖析[J].现代教育管理,2018(6):29-34.
[12]李林英,徐礼平.团队创新气氛、诚信领导对团队创新绩效的影响——团队心理资本的中介作用[J].创新与创业管理,2017(1):127-141.
[13]王成利.变革型领导与知识型团队绩效关系研究:心理资本及组织公平感的中介作用[J].山东大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017(6):117-125.
[14] XIAO Q,YANG B Y,LI Q.Human capital,collective psychological capital and regional innovation:provincial evidence from China[M]∥XU J,FRY J,LEV B,et al.Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management.Heidelberg:Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2014:291-305.
[15] LUO X,CHEN W.The structure and effects of the collective psychological capital research[M]∥XU J,CRUZ-MACHADO V,LEV B,et al.Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management. Heidelberg:Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2014:1385-1395.
[16] MATHE-SOULEK K, SCOTT-HALSELL S,KIM S,et al.Psychological capital in the quick service restaurant industry:a study of unit-level performance[J].Journal of hospitality&tourism research,2014,41(7):823-845.
[17] KARLENZIG W.Tap into the power of knowledge collaboration[J].Customer interaction solutions,2002,20(11):22-23.
[18] EVA E,MARIA E.Organizational culture as the driver of dense intra-organizational networks[J].Journal of competitiveness,2011,2011(2):28-42.
[19]张积家.试论责任心的心理结构[J].教育研究与实验,1998(4):43-47.
[20]徐礼平,李林英.团队心理资本:内涵、测量、作用机理与研究展望[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(23):123-127.
[21] HUANG J L,RYAN A M.Beyond personality traits:a study of personality states and situational contingencies in customer service jobs[J].Personnel psychology,2011,64(2):451-488.
[22] MINBASHIAN A,WOOD R E,BECKMANN N.Task-contingent conscientiousness as a unit of personality at work[J].Journal of applied psychology,2010,95(5):793-806.
[23]赵国祥,王明辉,凌文辁.管理者责任心和工作绩效关系的研究[J].心理科学,2004,27(5):1261-1262.
[24] JUDGE T A,SIMON L S,HURST C,et al.What I experienced yesterday is who I am today:relationship of work motivations and behaviors to within-individual variation in the five-factor model of personality[J].Journal of applied psychology,2014,99(2):199-221.
[25] LEEUW A D,VALOIS P,AJZEN I,et al.Using the theory of planned behavior to identify key beliefs underlying pro-environmental behavior in high-school students:implications for educational interventions[J].Journal of environmental psychology,2015,42(6):128-138.
[26] JANSSEN O,YPEREN N.Employees′goal orientations,the quality of leader-member exchange,and the outcomes of job performance and job satisfaction[J].Academy of management journal,2004,47(3):368-384.
[27]李丹.基于中国企业基层员工团队的团队心理资本问卷的编制[D].上海:上海师范大学教育学院,2014:45.
[28]许强,郑晓丹.母子公司组织协同、知识协同与创新绩效的关系研究[J].科技进步与对策,2010,27(16):143-147.
[29] ENGLISH A,GRIFFITH R L,STEELMAN L A.Team performance:the effect of team conscientiousness and task type[J].Small group research,2004,35(6):643-665.
[30]卓琴.员工工作责任心结构及其问卷编制[D].南京:南京师范大学教育科学学院,2006:22.
[31] LOVELACE K,SHAPIRO D L,WEINGART L R. Maximizing cross-functional new product teams′innovativeness and constraint adherence:a conflict communications perspective[J].Academy of management journal,2001,44(4):779-793.
[32]柯江林,孙健敏,石金涛,等.企业R&D团队之社会资本与团队效能关系的实证研究——以知识分享与知识整合为中介变量[J].管理世界,2007(3):89-101.
[33]刘军.管理研究方法原理与应用[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2008:184.
[34] WALUMBWA F O,LUTHANS F,AVEY J B,et al.Authentically leading groups:the mediating role of collective psychological capital and trust[J].Journal of organizational behavior,2011,32(1):4-24.
[35] KIM H Y,KANG S,LEE J,et al.Wiki-based expert knowledge collaboration effects on performance of project members[J].Journal of the Korea society of IT services,2013,12(1):173-187.
[36]徐礼平,李林英.高校重大科研项目团队的特点、问题与对策[J].教育评论,2017(3):17-20.
[2]李林英,徐礼平.重大科研项目团队心理资本维度及与创新绩效的关系[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(20):132-138.
[3]于兆良,孙武斌.团队心理资本的开发与管理[J].科技管理研究,2011(2):157-160.
[4]曲江月.技术创业团队心理资本对创业绩效的影响研究[D].西安:西安电子科技大学经济与管理学院,2017:50.
[5]印田彬.团队心理资本对团队绩效的影响:团队学习氛围的调节作用[D].广州:广州大学工商管理学院,2017:46.
[6] GALLUCCI C.Districtwide instructional reform:using sociocultural theory to link professional learning to organizational support[J].American journal of education,2008,114(4):541-581.
[7] GAO S L,GUO Y L,CHEN J B.The performance of knowledge collaboration in virtual teams:an empirical study[J].International journal of multimedia&ubiquitous engineering,2014,9(8):193-212.
[8] Expand the Nobel Prize to award teams,not just individuals[EB/OL].(2012-10-01)[2018-11-05].https:∥www.scientificamerican.com/article/expand-nobel-prize-award-teams-not-just-individuals/.
[9] BARRICK M R,MOUNT M K,STRAUSS J P.Conscientiousness and performance of sales representatives:test of the mediating effects of goal setting[J].Journal of applied psychology,1993,78(5):715-722.
[10] LUTHANS F,AVOLIO B J,AVEY J B,et al.Positive psychological capital:measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction[J].Personnel psychology,2007,60(3):541-572.
[11]徐礼平,李林英.知识协同视角的高校重大科研项目团队创新绩效:个案剖析[J].现代教育管理,2018(6):29-34.
[12]李林英,徐礼平.团队创新气氛、诚信领导对团队创新绩效的影响——团队心理资本的中介作用[J].创新与创业管理,2017(1):127-141.
[13]王成利.变革型领导与知识型团队绩效关系研究:心理资本及组织公平感的中介作用[J].山东大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2017(6):117-125.
[14] XIAO Q,YANG B Y,LI Q.Human capital,collective psychological capital and regional innovation:provincial evidence from China[M]∥XU J,FRY J,LEV B,et al.Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management.Heidelberg:Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2014:291-305.
[15] LUO X,CHEN W.The structure and effects of the collective psychological capital research[M]∥XU J,CRUZ-MACHADO V,LEV B,et al.Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management. Heidelberg:Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2014:1385-1395.
[16] MATHE-SOULEK K, SCOTT-HALSELL S,KIM S,et al.Psychological capital in the quick service restaurant industry:a study of unit-level performance[J].Journal of hospitality&tourism research,2014,41(7):823-845.
[17] KARLENZIG W.Tap into the power of knowledge collaboration[J].Customer interaction solutions,2002,20(11):22-23.
[18] EVA E,MARIA E.Organizational culture as the driver of dense intra-organizational networks[J].Journal of competitiveness,2011,2011(2):28-42.
[19]张积家.试论责任心的心理结构[J].教育研究与实验,1998(4):43-47.
[20]徐礼平,李林英.团队心理资本:内涵、测量、作用机理与研究展望[J].科技进步与对策,2016,33(23):123-127.
[21] HUANG J L,RYAN A M.Beyond personality traits:a study of personality states and situational contingencies in customer service jobs[J].Personnel psychology,2011,64(2):451-488.
[22] MINBASHIAN A,WOOD R E,BECKMANN N.Task-contingent conscientiousness as a unit of personality at work[J].Journal of applied psychology,2010,95(5):793-806.
[23]赵国祥,王明辉,凌文辁.管理者责任心和工作绩效关系的研究[J].心理科学,2004,27(5):1261-1262.
[24] JUDGE T A,SIMON L S,HURST C,et al.What I experienced yesterday is who I am today:relationship of work motivations and behaviors to within-individual variation in the five-factor model of personality[J].Journal of applied psychology,2014,99(2):199-221.
[25] LEEUW A D,VALOIS P,AJZEN I,et al.Using the theory of planned behavior to identify key beliefs underlying pro-environmental behavior in high-school students:implications for educational interventions[J].Journal of environmental psychology,2015,42(6):128-138.
[26] JANSSEN O,YPEREN N.Employees′goal orientations,the quality of leader-member exchange,and the outcomes of job performance and job satisfaction[J].Academy of management journal,2004,47(3):368-384.
[27]李丹.基于中国企业基层员工团队的团队心理资本问卷的编制[D].上海:上海师范大学教育学院,2014:45.
[28]许强,郑晓丹.母子公司组织协同、知识协同与创新绩效的关系研究[J].科技进步与对策,2010,27(16):143-147.
[29] ENGLISH A,GRIFFITH R L,STEELMAN L A.Team performance:the effect of team conscientiousness and task type[J].Small group research,2004,35(6):643-665.
[30]卓琴.员工工作责任心结构及其问卷编制[D].南京:南京师范大学教育科学学院,2006:22.
[31] LOVELACE K,SHAPIRO D L,WEINGART L R. Maximizing cross-functional new product teams′innovativeness and constraint adherence:a conflict communications perspective[J].Academy of management journal,2001,44(4):779-793.
[32]柯江林,孙健敏,石金涛,等.企业R&D团队之社会资本与团队效能关系的实证研究——以知识分享与知识整合为中介变量[J].管理世界,2007(3):89-101.
[33]刘军.管理研究方法原理与应用[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2008:184.
[34] WALUMBWA F O,LUTHANS F,AVEY J B,et al.Authentically leading groups:the mediating role of collective psychological capital and trust[J].Journal of organizational behavior,2011,32(1):4-24.
[35] KIM H Y,KANG S,LEE J,et al.Wiki-based expert knowledge collaboration effects on performance of project members[J].Journal of the Korea society of IT services,2013,12(1):173-187.
[36]徐礼平,李林英.高校重大科研项目团队的特点、问题与对策[J].教育评论,2017(3):17-20.