秋水仙素对二倍体燕麦的诱变效果
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摘要
本研究以两个二倍体燕麦(Avena nudibrevis、A.hispanica)为材料,采用不同秋水仙素浓度(0.05%、0.1%、0.15%、0.2%)和不同时间(3、6、9、12、24、36、48h)处理燕麦萌动种子,对种苗的变异率和存活率、根尖细胞染色体加倍情况进行分析,探讨秋水仙素对二倍体燕麦的诱变效果。结果表明,秋水仙素浓度、处理时间及其交互作用对二倍体燕麦的诱变效果均有显著影响(P<0.05)。种苗胚芽和胚根的直径明显增大,但长度急剧缩短。种苗变异率随秋水仙素浓度和处理时间的延长呈增加趋势,但种苗存活率急剧下降,处理时间超过24h后存活率降为0。秋水仙素浓度和处理时间对二倍体燕麦的加倍效果影响显著。经秋水仙素处理后二倍体燕麦出现了二倍体、三倍体和四倍体3种类型的细胞,各种类型所占的比例因供试材料、处理浓度和时间的不同而异。四倍体的诱变率以小粒裸燕麦在0.1%浓度下处理12h最高(22.33%);Zy003619在0.15%浓度下处理9h最高(23.00%)。
In this study,two diploid oat materials were treated with different colchicine concentration(0.05%,0.1%,0.15%,0.2%)and time duration(3,6,9,12,24,36,48 h),the seedling mutation and survival rate,root tip cell chromosome number were investigated.The results showed that colchicine concentration,treatment time duration and their interaction significantly influenced mutation effects(P<0.05).The diameter of plumule and radical increased remarkably,while the length reduced significantly.With the increasing colchicine concentration and treatment time,the mutation rate increased but survival rate decreased sharply.Treatment time longer than 24 hkilled all the seedlings.Three types of cells were observed after colchicines treatment,including diploid,triploid and tetraploid.Their ratios varied according to materials,colchicine concentration and treatment time.The highest mutation rate(22.33%)of tetraploid was observed under 0.1%+12 htreatment for Avena nudibrevis;while Zy003619 achieved the highest(23.00%)under 0.15%+9 htreatment.
In this study,two diploid oat materials were treated with different colchicine concentration(0.05%,0.1%,0.15%,0.2%)and time duration(3,6,9,12,24,36,48 h),the seedling mutation and survival rate,root tip cell chromosome number were investigated.The results showed that colchicine concentration,treatment time duration and their interaction significantly influenced mutation effects(P<0.05).The diameter of plumule and radical increased remarkably,while the length reduced significantly.With the increasing colchicine concentration and treatment time,the mutation rate increased but survival rate decreased sharply.Treatment time longer than 24 hkilled all the seedlings.Three types of cells were observed after colchicines treatment,including diploid,triploid and tetraploid.Their ratios varied according to materials,colchicine concentration and treatment time.The highest mutation rate(22.33%)of tetraploid was observed under 0.1%+12 htreatment for Avena nudibrevis;while Zy003619 achieved the highest(23.00%)under 0.15%+9 htreatment.
引文
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[7]辛亚龙,邝凡,唐军荣,邱芬,李斌,辛培尧.不同倍性金铁锁叶和茎解剖结构差异分析.北方园艺,2017(8):160-164.XIN Y L,KUANG F,TANG J R,QIU F,LI B,XIN P Y.Difference analysis on stem and leaf anatomical structure of different ploidy Psammosilene tunicoides.Northern Horticulture,2017(8):160-164.
[8]代西梅,黄群策,贾宏汝,赵帅鹏.水稻多倍性育种中的倍性鉴定方法研究.华北农学报,2008(4):94-96.DAI X M,HUANG Q C,JIA H R,ZHAO S P.The identification methods of ploidy in rice polyploidy breeding.Acta Agriculture Boreali-Sinica,2008(4):94-96.
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[10]李雪娇,李枝林,黄丽萍.野生碧玉兰多倍体诱导及鉴定.中国农学通报,2010,26(13):261-266.LI X J,LI Z L,HUANG L P.Induction and identification of polyploids in wild Cymbidium lowianum.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2010,26(13):261-266.
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[12]张继益,蒋观敏,罗耀武.高梁同源四倍体及其杂交种的细胞遗传学研究.华北农学报,1997,12(3):1-6.ZHANG J Y,JIANG G M,LUO Y W.Studies on cytogenetics of autotetraploid sorghum and its hybrids.Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,1997,12(3):1-6.
[13]章萍萍.多花水仙离体培养及多倍体诱导技术研究.福州:福建农林大学硕士学位论文,2015.ZHANG P P.The stusy on tissue culture and polyploidy induction of Narcissus tazetta L.Master Thesis.Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,2015.
[14]李晓艳.越橘离体培养诱导多倍体技术研究.长春:吉林农业大学硕士学位论文,2006.LI X Y.Studies on polyploidy induction of blueberry in vitro.Master Thesis.Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2006.
[15]钟小仙,刘智徽,常盼盼,吴娟子,张建丽.秋水仙素诱导获得自交结实的海滨雀稗体细胞突变体.草业学报,2013,22(6):205-212.ZHONG X X,LIU Z H,CHANG P P,WU J Z,ZHANG J L.Acquirement of self-compatible somatic mutants indeed by colchicine in Paspalum vaginatum.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2013,22(6):205-212.
[16]王璐.秋水仙素对直立型扁蓿豆诱变效应的研究.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学硕士学位论文,2014.WANG L.Study on inductive effects of Medicago ruthenica Sojak.cv.’Zhilixing’by colchicine induction.Master Thesis.Huhhot:Neimenggu Agricultural University,2014.
[17]房永雨,谢锐,于肖夏,于卓,马艳红.秋水仙素处理高丹草杂种F1种子诱变效果分析.中国草地学报,2013,35(6):40-45.FANG Y Y,XIE R,YU X X,YU Z,MA Y H.Analysis of mutagentic effect of colchicines on seeds of Sorghum-Sudangrass hybrid F1.Chinese Journal of Grassland,2013,35(6):40-45.
[18]张秀丽.山丹新麦草多倍体诱导研究.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学硕士学位论文,2006.ZHANG X L.Studies on the polyploidy induction of Psathyrostachys perennis Keng.cv.shandan.Master Thesis.Huhhot:Neimenggu Agricultural University,2006.
[19]李悦,师尚礼.秋水仙素对根茎型清水紫花苜蓿幼苗变异率和成活率的影响.甘肃农大学报,2015,50(6):104-111.LI Y,SHI S L.Effects of colchicine treatment on mutation rate and survival rate of seeding of Medicago sativa.Journal of Gansu Agricultural University,2015.
[20] JEFFERSON P G.Tetracan,Russian wild ryegrass.Canadian Journal of Plant Science,1990,70:311-313.
[21]李懋学,陈瑞阳.关于植物核型分析的标准化问题.植物科学学报,1900,3(4):297-302.LI M X,CHEN R Y.A.Suggestion on the standardization of karyotype analysis in plants.Journal of Wuhan Botanical research,1900,3(4):297-302.
[22]冯政东.蓝蓟对秋水仙素诱导的生长发育及光合作用响应的研究.长春:吉林农业大学硕士学位论文,2015.FENG Z D.Study on the growth and photosynthetic response of Echium vulgare induced by colchicine.Master Thesis.Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2015.
[23]孔舒颖,王照兰,杜建材,胡卉芳,祁治荣.扁蓿豆新品系的多倍体诱导研究.中国草地学报,2010,32(4):31-34.KONG S Y,WANG Z L,DU J C,HU H F,QI Z R.Study on polyploidy induction of Melilotoides ruthenica strain 90-36.Chinese Journal of Grassland,2010,32(4):31-34.
[24]赵翠荣,唐清,王立峰,刘莹,杨青,彭萍,陈科海,左珍喜,余华强,陈新民.秋水仙素及辅助处理对小麦×玉米单倍体加倍的影响.麦类作物学报,2014,34(11):1485-1489.ZHAO C R,TANG Q,WANG L F,LIU Y,YANG Q,PENG P,CHEN K H,ZUO Z X,YU H Q,CHEN X M.Effect of different colchicine treatments and supplementary treatments on doubled haploid production from wheat×maize.Journal of Triticeae Crops,2014,34(11):1485-1489.
[25]周璐璐,伏兵哲,许冬梅,高雪芹.两种化学诱变剂对沙芦草染色体的加倍效果.草业科学,2016,33(5):897-906.ZHOU L L,FU B Z,XU D M,GAO X Q.Effects of chemical mutagens on chromosome doubling of Agropyron mongolicum.Pratacultural Science,2016,33(5):897-906.
[2]杨海磊,徐长林,鱼小军,肖红,张建文,安晓东,杨发森,任宝虎,周瑞娟.14份燕麦种质在肃南皇城镇的生产性能比较.草业科学,2016,33(1):129-135.YANG H L,XU C L,YU X J,XIAO H,ZHANG J W,AN X D,YANG F S,REN B H,ZHOU R J.Comparative study on the performance of 14oat(Avena sativa)germplasm in Huangcheng Town of Sunan County,Gansu Province.Pratacultural Science,2016,33(1):129-135.
[3]刘伟,张宗文,吴斌.加拿大引进的二倍体燕麦种质的核型鉴定.植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(1):141-145.LIU W,ZHANG Z W,WU B.Karyotype analysis of diploid oat germplasm introduced form Canda.Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2013,14(1):141-145.
[4] Gates R R.The stature and chromosome of Oenethera gigas De Vries.Arch F Zellforsch,1909,3:525-532.
[5]王征宏,赵威,郭秀璞,吕淑芳,王春平,邓西平.不同倍性小麦种子萌发特征及其对水分胁迫敏感性的差异.植物生理学报,2013,49(8):817-823.WANG Z H,ZHAO W,GUO X P,LYU S F,WANG C P,DENG X P.Seed germination characteristics and their differences in sensitivity to water stress in wheat with different ploidy levels.Plant Physiology Journal,2013,49(8):817-823.
[6]周慧文,冯斗,严华兵.秋水仙素离体诱导多倍体研究进展.核农学报,2015,29(7):1307-1315.ZHOU H W,FENG D,YAN H B.The progress of polyploids induced in vitro via colchicine.Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2015,29(7):1307-1315.
[7]辛亚龙,邝凡,唐军荣,邱芬,李斌,辛培尧.不同倍性金铁锁叶和茎解剖结构差异分析.北方园艺,2017(8):160-164.XIN Y L,KUANG F,TANG J R,QIU F,LI B,XIN P Y.Difference analysis on stem and leaf anatomical structure of different ploidy Psammosilene tunicoides.Northern Horticulture,2017(8):160-164.
[8]代西梅,黄群策,贾宏汝,赵帅鹏.水稻多倍性育种中的倍性鉴定方法研究.华北农学报,2008(4):94-96.DAI X M,HUANG Q C,JIA H R,ZHAO S P.The identification methods of ploidy in rice polyploidy breeding.Acta Agriculture Boreali-Sinica,2008(4):94-96.
[9]杨瑞芳,郑思乡,郭清泉,程尧楚,唐训香,方建林.莲多倍体研究Ⅱ.莲花粉母细胞减数分裂行为观察.湖南农业大学学报,1998,4(2):95-98.YANG R F,ZHENG S X,GUO Q Q,CHENG Y C,TANG X X,FANG J L.Studies on polyploids of lotusⅡ.Observation of Meiosis of microsporophytes in lotus.Journal of Hunan Agricultural University,1998,4(2):95-98.
[10]李雪娇,李枝林,黄丽萍.野生碧玉兰多倍体诱导及鉴定.中国农学通报,2010,26(13):261-266.LI X J,LI Z L,HUANG L P.Induction and identification of polyploids in wild Cymbidium lowianum.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2010,26(13):261-266.
[11]张宇.秋水仙碱创制四倍体不结球白菜新材料.南京:南京农业大学硕士学位论文,2013.ZHANG Y.Induction of new materials of tetraploid non-heading Chinese cabbage.Master Thesis.Nangjing:Nangjing Agricultural University,2013.
[12]张继益,蒋观敏,罗耀武.高梁同源四倍体及其杂交种的细胞遗传学研究.华北农学报,1997,12(3):1-6.ZHANG J Y,JIANG G M,LUO Y W.Studies on cytogenetics of autotetraploid sorghum and its hybrids.Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,1997,12(3):1-6.
[13]章萍萍.多花水仙离体培养及多倍体诱导技术研究.福州:福建农林大学硕士学位论文,2015.ZHANG P P.The stusy on tissue culture and polyploidy induction of Narcissus tazetta L.Master Thesis.Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,2015.
[14]李晓艳.越橘离体培养诱导多倍体技术研究.长春:吉林农业大学硕士学位论文,2006.LI X Y.Studies on polyploidy induction of blueberry in vitro.Master Thesis.Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2006.
[15]钟小仙,刘智徽,常盼盼,吴娟子,张建丽.秋水仙素诱导获得自交结实的海滨雀稗体细胞突变体.草业学报,2013,22(6):205-212.ZHONG X X,LIU Z H,CHANG P P,WU J Z,ZHANG J L.Acquirement of self-compatible somatic mutants indeed by colchicine in Paspalum vaginatum.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2013,22(6):205-212.
[16]王璐.秋水仙素对直立型扁蓿豆诱变效应的研究.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学硕士学位论文,2014.WANG L.Study on inductive effects of Medicago ruthenica Sojak.cv.’Zhilixing’by colchicine induction.Master Thesis.Huhhot:Neimenggu Agricultural University,2014.
[17]房永雨,谢锐,于肖夏,于卓,马艳红.秋水仙素处理高丹草杂种F1种子诱变效果分析.中国草地学报,2013,35(6):40-45.FANG Y Y,XIE R,YU X X,YU Z,MA Y H.Analysis of mutagentic effect of colchicines on seeds of Sorghum-Sudangrass hybrid F1.Chinese Journal of Grassland,2013,35(6):40-45.
[18]张秀丽.山丹新麦草多倍体诱导研究.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学硕士学位论文,2006.ZHANG X L.Studies on the polyploidy induction of Psathyrostachys perennis Keng.cv.shandan.Master Thesis.Huhhot:Neimenggu Agricultural University,2006.
[19]李悦,师尚礼.秋水仙素对根茎型清水紫花苜蓿幼苗变异率和成活率的影响.甘肃农大学报,2015,50(6):104-111.LI Y,SHI S L.Effects of colchicine treatment on mutation rate and survival rate of seeding of Medicago sativa.Journal of Gansu Agricultural University,2015.
[20] JEFFERSON P G.Tetracan,Russian wild ryegrass.Canadian Journal of Plant Science,1990,70:311-313.
[21]李懋学,陈瑞阳.关于植物核型分析的标准化问题.植物科学学报,1900,3(4):297-302.LI M X,CHEN R Y.A.Suggestion on the standardization of karyotype analysis in plants.Journal of Wuhan Botanical research,1900,3(4):297-302.
[22]冯政东.蓝蓟对秋水仙素诱导的生长发育及光合作用响应的研究.长春:吉林农业大学硕士学位论文,2015.FENG Z D.Study on the growth and photosynthetic response of Echium vulgare induced by colchicine.Master Thesis.Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2015.
[23]孔舒颖,王照兰,杜建材,胡卉芳,祁治荣.扁蓿豆新品系的多倍体诱导研究.中国草地学报,2010,32(4):31-34.KONG S Y,WANG Z L,DU J C,HU H F,QI Z R.Study on polyploidy induction of Melilotoides ruthenica strain 90-36.Chinese Journal of Grassland,2010,32(4):31-34.
[24]赵翠荣,唐清,王立峰,刘莹,杨青,彭萍,陈科海,左珍喜,余华强,陈新民.秋水仙素及辅助处理对小麦×玉米单倍体加倍的影响.麦类作物学报,2014,34(11):1485-1489.ZHAO C R,TANG Q,WANG L F,LIU Y,YANG Q,PENG P,CHEN K H,ZUO Z X,YU H Q,CHEN X M.Effect of different colchicine treatments and supplementary treatments on doubled haploid production from wheat×maize.Journal of Triticeae Crops,2014,34(11):1485-1489.
[25]周璐璐,伏兵哲,许冬梅,高雪芹.两种化学诱变剂对沙芦草染色体的加倍效果.草业科学,2016,33(5):897-906.ZHOU L L,FU B Z,XU D M,GAO X Q.Effects of chemical mutagens on chromosome doubling of Agropyron mongolicum.Pratacultural Science,2016,33(5):897-906.
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