古环境与有机质富集控制因素研究——以鄂尔多斯盆地南缘长7油层组为例
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摘要
长7油层组富有机质页岩在鄂尔多斯盆地南缘广泛分布,但其形成古环境和控制因素存在争议。对鄂尔多斯盆地铜川地区瑶页1井长7油层组开展高密度元素扫描和有机地球化学分析,重建长7页岩沉积期古环境,揭示富有机质页岩形成的控制因素。结果表明,古生产力由下而上呈现逐渐降低的趋势;长7沉积期水体微咸并逐渐淡化;水体有由富氧到贫氧再到富氧的变化规律。富有机质页岩热解、有机碳的测试显示干酪根类型包括Ⅱ_1,Ⅱ_2,Ⅲ,有机质的质量分数为0.44%～26.90%,纵向上有机质特征差异性较大。综合页岩的有机质特征和各项古环境参数,精细分油层组研究认为有机质丰度主要受到水体还原程度的控制,而有机质类型则与古生产力相关,火山灰对古生产力提高有积极作用。
The organic-rich shales of Chang 7 oil reservoir are widely developed in the southern margin of Ordos Basin,however,the mechanism of organic accumulation in the shales,sedimentary environment and controlling factors are controversial. High-density element scanning and organic geochemical analysis were carried out for Chang 7 member in well Yaoye 1 in Tongchuan area,to reconstruct the paleoenvironment of Chang 7 shales,revealing the controlling factors of organic-rich shale formation. It is found that the paleoproductivity decreased gradually from bottom to top,the water body was brackish and gradually desalinated during Chang 7 sedimentary period,and the water body changed from oxygen-rich to oxygen-poor and then to oxygen-rich. Pyrolysis and organic carbon measurements of organic-rich shales show that the organic matter types include Ⅱ_1,Ⅱ_2and Ⅲ,and the abundance of organic matter is 0.44%-26.9%. The characteristics of organic matter in longitudinal direction are quite different. According to the of organic matter characteristics and paleoenvironment parameters of shales,the abundance of organic matter is mainly controlled by the reduction degree of water body,and the type of organic matter is related to paleoproductivity. Volcanic ash plays an active role in improving paleoproductivity.
The organic-rich shales of Chang 7 oil reservoir are widely developed in the southern margin of Ordos Basin,however,the mechanism of organic accumulation in the shales,sedimentary environment and controlling factors are controversial. High-density element scanning and organic geochemical analysis were carried out for Chang 7 member in well Yaoye 1 in Tongchuan area,to reconstruct the paleoenvironment of Chang 7 shales,revealing the controlling factors of organic-rich shale formation. It is found that the paleoproductivity decreased gradually from bottom to top,the water body was brackish and gradually desalinated during Chang 7 sedimentary period,and the water body changed from oxygen-rich to oxygen-poor and then to oxygen-rich. Pyrolysis and organic carbon measurements of organic-rich shales show that the organic matter types include Ⅱ_1,Ⅱ_2and Ⅲ,and the abundance of organic matter is 0.44%-26.9%. The characteristics of organic matter in longitudinal direction are quite different. According to the of organic matter characteristics and paleoenvironment parameters of shales,the abundance of organic matter is mainly controlled by the reduction degree of water body,and the type of organic matter is related to paleoproductivity. Volcanic ash plays an active role in improving paleoproductivity.
引文
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