西洋参胶囊对电磁辐射大鼠肝脏超微结构及氧化应激的影响
|
摘要
目的研究西洋参胶囊防治电磁辐射致大鼠肝损伤的可能作用机制。方法 40只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、辐射组、水飞蓟宾组、西洋参组各10只。除正常组外其余3组大鼠每天暴露于电磁辐射(900 MHz,370μW/cm2)4 h连续12天,辐射同时水飞蓟宾组、西洋参组大鼠每日灌服水飞蓟宾胶囊溶液(浓度为7 mg/ml)和西洋参胶囊溶液(浓度为19.7 mg/ml)1 ml/200 g,正常组、辐射组灌服等量生理盐水。12天后处死大鼠,透射电镜观察肝脏超微结构,检测肝组织丙二醛(MDA)含量和谷胱甘肽(GSH)活性,检测大鼠肝组织磷酸化的血管共济失调突变蛋白(ATM)和磷酸化组蛋白2A变异体(γH2AX)表达。结果与正常组比较,辐射组大鼠肝细胞线粒体和粗面内质网轻度受损,肝组织MDA含量升高,GSH活性降低,ATM和γH2AX表达明显升高(P<0.01);与辐射组比较,水飞蓟宾组和西洋参组大鼠肝线粒体和粗面内质网受损减轻,肝组织MDA含量降低,GSH活性增加,ATM和γH2AX表达明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论西洋参胶囊可改善电磁辐射致大鼠肝脏超微结构损伤,其机制可能与减轻氧化应激和降低ATM和γH2AX蛋白表达有关。
Objective To study the possible mechanisms of American ginseng capsules in prevention and treatment of rat liver injury induced by electromagnetic radiation. Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group,radiation group,silibinin group,and American ginseng group,with ten in each group.Except the normal group,the three rest groups of rats were exposed to electromagnetic radiation( 900 MHz,370 μW /cm2),4 h per day,for 12 days in a row. At the same time,the silibinin group and the American ginseng group rats were administered orally with silibinin capsules solution( 7 mg / ml) and American ginseng capsules solution( 19. 7 mg /ml) 1 ml/200 g every day respectively. And the normal group and the radiation group were given with equivalent normal saline. After 12 days,the rats were killed and liver ultrastructure was observed under transmission electron microscope. The content of malondialdehyde( MDA),the activity of glutathione( GSH),and the expression of phosphorylated vascular ataxia mutation protein( ATM) and phosphorylated histone 2A variants( γH2AX) in liver tissue were also detected. Results Compared with the normal group,the mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum of liver cells mildly damaged,the content of MDA in liver tissue increased,the activity of GSH decreased,and the expression of ATM and γH2AX increased significantly in the radiation group( P < 0. 01). Compared with the radiation group,the mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum of liver cells showed less damage,the content of MDA in liver tissue decreased,the activity of GSH increased,and the expression of ATM and γH2AX decreased significantly in the silibinin group and the American ginseng group( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). Conclusion American ginseng capsules can improve the ultrastructure injury of rat liver induced by electromagnetic radiation. Its mechanism may be related to reduction of oxidative stress and the protein expression of ATM and γH2AX.
Objective To study the possible mechanisms of American ginseng capsules in prevention and treatment of rat liver injury induced by electromagnetic radiation. Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group,radiation group,silibinin group,and American ginseng group,with ten in each group.Except the normal group,the three rest groups of rats were exposed to electromagnetic radiation( 900 MHz,370 μW /cm2),4 h per day,for 12 days in a row. At the same time,the silibinin group and the American ginseng group rats were administered orally with silibinin capsules solution( 7 mg / ml) and American ginseng capsules solution( 19. 7 mg /ml) 1 ml/200 g every day respectively. And the normal group and the radiation group were given with equivalent normal saline. After 12 days,the rats were killed and liver ultrastructure was observed under transmission electron microscope. The content of malondialdehyde( MDA),the activity of glutathione( GSH),and the expression of phosphorylated vascular ataxia mutation protein( ATM) and phosphorylated histone 2A variants( γH2AX) in liver tissue were also detected. Results Compared with the normal group,the mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum of liver cells mildly damaged,the content of MDA in liver tissue increased,the activity of GSH decreased,and the expression of ATM and γH2AX increased significantly in the radiation group( P < 0. 01). Compared with the radiation group,the mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum of liver cells showed less damage,the content of MDA in liver tissue decreased,the activity of GSH increased,and the expression of ATM and γH2AX decreased significantly in the silibinin group and the American ginseng group( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). Conclusion American ginseng capsules can improve the ultrastructure injury of rat liver induced by electromagnetic radiation. Its mechanism may be related to reduction of oxidative stress and the protein expression of ATM and γH2AX.
引文
[1]钟秀宏,姜艳霞,任旷,等.芩丹扶正胶囊对微波辐射致大鼠心肌和肝损伤超微结构的影响[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2011,31(2):249-251.
[2]Trosic I,Pavicic I,Milkovic-Kraus S,et al.Effect of electromagnetic radiofrequency radiation on the rats brain,liver and kidney cells measured by comet assay[J].Coll Antropol,2011,35(4):1259-1264.
[3]田志杰,沈南.高强微波辐射对Wistar大鼠血清SOD、HSP和肝脏MDA、Mit肿胀的影响[J].四川动物,2009,28(4):528-531.
[4]姚莉,梁晓俐,王德文.高场强电磁脉冲辐射对小鼠肝损伤效应的初步研究[J].中华理医学与康复杂志,2004,26(2):69-72.
[5]罗亚萍,李春香,马惠荣,等.西洋参胶囊对手机频率电磁辐射大鼠肝脏组织氧化损伤及Nrf2蛋白表达的影响[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2014,34(5):596-601.
[6]Mah LJ,Orlowski C,Ververis K,et al.Evaluation of the efficacy of radiation-modifying compounds usingγH2AX as a molecular marker of DNA double-strand breaks[J].Genome Integr,2011,2(1):3.
[7]Zhao H,Traganos F,Albino AP,et al.Oxidative stress induces cell cycle-dependent Mrell recruitment,ATM and Chk2 activation and histone H2AX phosphorylation[J].Cell Cycle,2008,7(10):1490-1495.
[8]Malyarchuk S,Castore R,Shi R,et al.Artemis is required to improve the accuracy of repair of double-strand breaks with 5’-blocked termini generated from non-DSB-clustered lesions[J].Mutagenesis,2013,28(3):357-366.
[9]Guo Z,Kozlov S,Lavin MF,et al.ATM activation by oxidative stress[J].Science,2010,330(6003):517-521.
[10]Guo Z,Deshpande R,Paull TT.ATM activation in the presence of oxidative stress[J].Cell Cycle,2010,9(24):4805-4811.
[11]Rogakou EP,Pilch DR,Orr AH,et al.DNA doublestranded breaks induce histone H2AX phosphorylation on serine 139[J].J Biol Chem,1998,273(10):5858-5868.
[12]于永超,张佳丽,林兵,等.西洋参多糖对60Co辐照小鼠免疫功能的调节作用[J].现代预防医学,2012,39(11):2685-2687.
[13]赵玉珍,刘蕾,陈立平,等.西洋参茎叶皂甙对大鼠实验性肝损伤的影响[J].中成药,2000,22(3):219-220.
[14]薛洪源,侯艳宁,刘会臣,等.水飞蓟宾胶囊对异烟肼和利福平肝损害小鼠的保护作用[J].中成药,2003,25(4):317-310.
[2]Trosic I,Pavicic I,Milkovic-Kraus S,et al.Effect of electromagnetic radiofrequency radiation on the rats brain,liver and kidney cells measured by comet assay[J].Coll Antropol,2011,35(4):1259-1264.
[3]田志杰,沈南.高强微波辐射对Wistar大鼠血清SOD、HSP和肝脏MDA、Mit肿胀的影响[J].四川动物,2009,28(4):528-531.
[4]姚莉,梁晓俐,王德文.高场强电磁脉冲辐射对小鼠肝损伤效应的初步研究[J].中华理医学与康复杂志,2004,26(2):69-72.
[5]罗亚萍,李春香,马惠荣,等.西洋参胶囊对手机频率电磁辐射大鼠肝脏组织氧化损伤及Nrf2蛋白表达的影响[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2014,34(5):596-601.
[6]Mah LJ,Orlowski C,Ververis K,et al.Evaluation of the efficacy of radiation-modifying compounds usingγH2AX as a molecular marker of DNA double-strand breaks[J].Genome Integr,2011,2(1):3.
[7]Zhao H,Traganos F,Albino AP,et al.Oxidative stress induces cell cycle-dependent Mrell recruitment,ATM and Chk2 activation and histone H2AX phosphorylation[J].Cell Cycle,2008,7(10):1490-1495.
[8]Malyarchuk S,Castore R,Shi R,et al.Artemis is required to improve the accuracy of repair of double-strand breaks with 5’-blocked termini generated from non-DSB-clustered lesions[J].Mutagenesis,2013,28(3):357-366.
[9]Guo Z,Kozlov S,Lavin MF,et al.ATM activation by oxidative stress[J].Science,2010,330(6003):517-521.
[10]Guo Z,Deshpande R,Paull TT.ATM activation in the presence of oxidative stress[J].Cell Cycle,2010,9(24):4805-4811.
[11]Rogakou EP,Pilch DR,Orr AH,et al.DNA doublestranded breaks induce histone H2AX phosphorylation on serine 139[J].J Biol Chem,1998,273(10):5858-5868.
[12]于永超,张佳丽,林兵,等.西洋参多糖对60Co辐照小鼠免疫功能的调节作用[J].现代预防医学,2012,39(11):2685-2687.
[13]赵玉珍,刘蕾,陈立平,等.西洋参茎叶皂甙对大鼠实验性肝损伤的影响[J].中成药,2000,22(3):219-220.
[14]薛洪源,侯艳宁,刘会臣,等.水飞蓟宾胶囊对异烟肼和利福平肝损害小鼠的保护作用[J].中成药,2003,25(4):317-310.