表皮碳氢化合物在云杉大墨天牛和云杉小墨天牛鉴定中的应用
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摘要
云杉大墨天牛和云杉小墨天牛是进境木材及木质包装中常见的检疫性害虫,由于墨天牛属近缘种之间的幼虫形态相似,形态鉴定资料不完整,对低龄幼虫的鉴定尤其困难。为了鉴定云杉大墨天牛和云杉小墨天牛,本文利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对云杉大墨天牛和云杉小墨天牛幼虫的表皮碳氢化合物进行了分析,经NIST数据库检索,并与标准图谱比较,应用色谱峰面积归一法测定各组分及其相对含量。结果表明,云杉大墨天牛和云杉小墨天牛幼虫表皮中的主要碳氢化合物由C24~C44的直链或支链、饱和及不饱和的长链烃类组成。云杉大墨天牛幼虫表皮有9种碳氢化合物,而云杉小墨天牛幼虫表皮有8种碳氢化合物,其中6种碳氢化合物为两种昆虫共有,但在含量上有差异。云杉大墨天牛特有的成分为正二十四烷、正三十六烷、正四十四烷,而云杉小墨天牛特有的成分为2-甲基-二十六烷、9-二十六碳烯。这些特有表皮碳氢化合物可用于近缘种云杉大墨天牛和云杉小墨天牛的分类鉴定。
Monochamus spp.are important quarantine pests,which can be found in imported wood and wood packages.The cuticular hydrocarbons from the cuticle of Monochamus urussovi and M.sutor were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry(GC-MS)without solvent.The composition of the cuticular hydrocarbons was then determined by the area normalizing method.By searching the NIST database and comparison with standard mass spectra,nine constituents were identified in the cuticular hydrocarbons of M.urussovi,and eight in those of M.sutor.The principal components of M.urussovi and M.sutor cuticular hydrocarbons were straight and branched-chain,saturated and unsaturated long-chain hydrocarbons ranging from C24 to C44.Similar hydrocarbon patterns were found in M.urussovi and M.sutor and six constituents were found in both pests but with differences in quantity.n-tetracosane,n-hexatriacontane and n-tetratetracontane were detected only in M.urussovi,whereas 2-methylhexacosane and 9-hexacosene were found only in M.sutor.
Monochamus spp.are important quarantine pests,which can be found in imported wood and wood packages.The cuticular hydrocarbons from the cuticle of Monochamus urussovi and M.sutor were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry(GC-MS)without solvent.The composition of the cuticular hydrocarbons was then determined by the area normalizing method.By searching the NIST database and comparison with standard mass spectra,nine constituents were identified in the cuticular hydrocarbons of M.urussovi,and eight in those of M.sutor.The principal components of M.urussovi and M.sutor cuticular hydrocarbons were straight and branched-chain,saturated and unsaturated long-chain hydrocarbons ranging from C24 to C44.Similar hydrocarbon patterns were found in M.urussovi and M.sutor and six constituents were found in both pests but with differences in quantity.n-tetracosane,n-hexatriacontane and n-tetratetracontane were detected only in M.urussovi,whereas 2-methylhexacosane and 9-hexacosene were found only in M.sutor.
引文
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[7]Golebiowski M,Paszkiewicz M,Grubba A,et al.Cuticular and internal n-alkane composition of Lucilia sericatalarvae,pupae,male and female imagines:application of HPLC-LLSD and GC/MS-SIM[J].Bulletin of Entomological Research,2012,102(4):453-460.
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[9]崔可伦,王木森,冼伟立,等.应用气相色谱法鉴别淡色库蚊与致倦库蚊[J].动物分类学报,1991,16(4):497-499.
[10]赵成银,何余容,钟锋,等.西花蓟马表皮碳氢化合物成份分析[J].应用昆虫学报,2011,48(3):536-541.
[11]Moore B P.Biochemical studies in termites[M]∥Krischna K,Weesnereds F M.Biology of termites.New York:Academic Press,1969:407-432.
[12]Golden K,Meinke L J,Stanley-Samuelson D W.Cuticular hydrocarbon discrimination of Diabrotica(Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae)sibling species[J].Annals of the Entomological Society of America,1992,85(5):561-570.
[13]Anyanwu G I,Davies D H,Molyneux D H,et al.Cuticular-hydrocarbon discrimination between Anopheles gambiae s.s.and An.arabiensis larval karyotypes[J].Annals of Tropic Medicine and Parasitology,2001,95(8):843-852.
[14]Carlson D A.Service M W.Identification of mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae species complex A and B by analysis of cuticular hydrocarbons[J].Science,1980,207(4435):1089-1901.
[15]Takematsu Y,Yamaoka R.Taxonomy of Glyptotermes(Isoptera,Kalotermitidae)in Japan with reference to cuticular hydrocarbon analysis as chemotaxonomic characters[J].Esakia,1997,37:1-14.
[16]Carlson D A,Walsh J F.Identification of two west African black flies(Diptera:Simuliidae)of the Simulium damnosum species complex by analysis of cuticular paraffins[J].Acta Tropica,1981,38(3):235-239.
[17]赵彤言,陆宝麟.中国尖音库蚊复合组(Culex pipiens complex)生物分类学的研究──幼虫形态特征的数值分析[J].寄生虫与医学昆虫学报,1995,2(3):153-160.
[18]高明媛,王心丽,李重九.表皮碳氢化合物分析用于棉铃虫与烟青虫幼虫分类鉴别[J].昆虫知识,1999,36(5):266-269.
[19]梁小松,徐刘平,李浩,等.固相微萃取技术在白蚁表皮碳氢化合物分析中的应用[J].昆虫知识,2009,46(4):632-636.
[2]陈世骧.中国经济昆虫志第一册[M].北京:科学出版社,1959:78-81.
[3]Blomquist G J,Dillwith J W.Cuticular lipids[M]∥Kerkut G A.Comprehensive insect physiology biochemistry and pharmacology.Oxford:Pergamon Press,1985:595-645.
[4]Lockey K H.Insect cuticular lipids[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology-Part B,1988,89:595-645.
[5]Hoppe K L,Dillwith J W,Wright R E,et al.Identification of horse flies(Diptera:Tabanidae)by analysis of cuticular hydrocarbons[J].Journal of Medical Entomology 1990,27(4):480-486.
[6]Harverty M I,Page M,Nelson L J,et al.Cuticular hydrocarbons of dampwood termites,Zootermopsis:intra-and intercolony variation and potential as taxonomic characters[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,1988,14(3):1035-1058.
[7]Golebiowski M,Paszkiewicz M,Grubba A,et al.Cuticular and internal n-alkane composition of Lucilia sericatalarvae,pupae,male and female imagines:application of HPLC-LLSD and GC/MS-SIM[J].Bulletin of Entomological Research,2012,102(4):453-460.
[8]崔可伦,王志光,李明馨,等.应用气相色谱法鉴别海南省大劣按蚊[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,1992,10(4):283-285.
[9]崔可伦,王木森,冼伟立,等.应用气相色谱法鉴别淡色库蚊与致倦库蚊[J].动物分类学报,1991,16(4):497-499.
[10]赵成银,何余容,钟锋,等.西花蓟马表皮碳氢化合物成份分析[J].应用昆虫学报,2011,48(3):536-541.
[11]Moore B P.Biochemical studies in termites[M]∥Krischna K,Weesnereds F M.Biology of termites.New York:Academic Press,1969:407-432.
[12]Golden K,Meinke L J,Stanley-Samuelson D W.Cuticular hydrocarbon discrimination of Diabrotica(Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae)sibling species[J].Annals of the Entomological Society of America,1992,85(5):561-570.
[13]Anyanwu G I,Davies D H,Molyneux D H,et al.Cuticular-hydrocarbon discrimination between Anopheles gambiae s.s.and An.arabiensis larval karyotypes[J].Annals of Tropic Medicine and Parasitology,2001,95(8):843-852.
[14]Carlson D A.Service M W.Identification of mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae species complex A and B by analysis of cuticular hydrocarbons[J].Science,1980,207(4435):1089-1901.
[15]Takematsu Y,Yamaoka R.Taxonomy of Glyptotermes(Isoptera,Kalotermitidae)in Japan with reference to cuticular hydrocarbon analysis as chemotaxonomic characters[J].Esakia,1997,37:1-14.
[16]Carlson D A,Walsh J F.Identification of two west African black flies(Diptera:Simuliidae)of the Simulium damnosum species complex by analysis of cuticular paraffins[J].Acta Tropica,1981,38(3):235-239.
[17]赵彤言,陆宝麟.中国尖音库蚊复合组(Culex pipiens complex)生物分类学的研究──幼虫形态特征的数值分析[J].寄生虫与医学昆虫学报,1995,2(3):153-160.
[18]高明媛,王心丽,李重九.表皮碳氢化合物分析用于棉铃虫与烟青虫幼虫分类鉴别[J].昆虫知识,1999,36(5):266-269.
[19]梁小松,徐刘平,李浩,等.固相微萃取技术在白蚁表皮碳氢化合物分析中的应用[J].昆虫知识,2009,46(4):632-636.