聊城市城区不同功能区土壤黑碳含量与来源分析
|
摘要
为了解聊城市在城市化过程中人类活动对城市土壤碳库的影响,将聊城市城区划分为中心商务区、旅游区、居民文教区和工业区四个功能区,共采集了39个表层土壤样品,分析了土壤有机碳(OC)和黑碳(BC)的含量、分布特征及其相关关系,并对BC的可能来源进行了初步解析。结果表明:聊城市城区表层土壤OC含量范围为11.41～51.00 g kg-1,平均值为23.76 g kg-1,BC范围为0.60～28.88 g kg-1,平均值为8.70 g kg-1;各功能区OC和BC含量的平均值均表现为:中心商务区>居民文教区>工业区>旅游区,中心商务区OC和BC含量显著高于其他功能区(P <0.05)。城区表层土壤的BC/OC在0.04～0.77之间,平均值为0.31,表明BC来源于生物质燃烧和化石燃料燃烧的共同作用;其中,中心商务区以化石燃料的不完全燃烧为主,而旅游区则以枯枝落叶腐烂及生物质燃烧为主。OC、BC含量和BC/OC两两之间均具有极显著正相关关系(P <0.01),表明黑碳在聊城市城区土壤有机碳的累积过程中发挥着重要作用。
In order to explore the impact of human activities on soil carbon(C) pool during the urbanization, a total of39 soil samples were collected from four different functional districts, which were central business district, tourist district, residential and educational district and industrial district in the urban area of Liaocheng City. Based on the determination for the concentrations of organic C(OC) and black C(BC) of soil samples, the spatial distribution characteristics and the correlations between OC and BC were discussed, and the possible source of BC was preliminarily analyzed. The results showed that the concentrations of OC in the surface soil of Liaocheng urban area was from 11.41 to 51.00 g kg-1 with an average of 23.76 g kg-1; and the concentrations of BC were from 0.60 to 28.88 g kg-1 with an average of 8.70 g kg-1. The average concentrations of OC and BC in different functional districts decreased as follows: central business district > residential and educational district > industrial district > tourist district. The concentrations of OC and BC in central business district were significantly higher(P < 0.05) than those in the other functional districts. The BC/OC values were between 0.04 and 0.77 with an average of 0.31, indicating that BC in the surface soil of the urban area might originate from the combined contribution of the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass burning. BC in the central business district was dominated by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, while BC in the tourist district might be mainly related to the litter decomposition and biomass burning. There were significantly positive correlations(P < 0.01) between BC, OC and ratio of BC/OC, reflecting that BC played an important role in the accumulation process of OC in the surface soil of Liaocheng urban area.
In order to explore the impact of human activities on soil carbon(C) pool during the urbanization, a total of39 soil samples were collected from four different functional districts, which were central business district, tourist district, residential and educational district and industrial district in the urban area of Liaocheng City. Based on the determination for the concentrations of organic C(OC) and black C(BC) of soil samples, the spatial distribution characteristics and the correlations between OC and BC were discussed, and the possible source of BC was preliminarily analyzed. The results showed that the concentrations of OC in the surface soil of Liaocheng urban area was from 11.41 to 51.00 g kg-1 with an average of 23.76 g kg-1; and the concentrations of BC were from 0.60 to 28.88 g kg-1 with an average of 8.70 g kg-1. The average concentrations of OC and BC in different functional districts decreased as follows: central business district > residential and educational district > industrial district > tourist district. The concentrations of OC and BC in central business district were significantly higher(P < 0.05) than those in the other functional districts. The BC/OC values were between 0.04 and 0.77 with an average of 0.31, indicating that BC in the surface soil of the urban area might originate from the combined contribution of the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass burning. BC in the central business district was dominated by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, while BC in the tourist district might be mainly related to the litter decomposition and biomass burning. There were significantly positive correlations(P < 0.01) between BC, OC and ratio of BC/OC, reflecting that BC played an important role in the accumulation process of OC in the surface soil of Liaocheng urban area.
引文
[1]张旭东,梁超,诸葛玉平,等.黑碳在土壤有机碳生物地球化学循环中的作用[J].土壤通报, 2003, 34(4):349-355.
[2]邱敬,高人,杨玉盛,等.土壤黑碳的研究进展[J].亚热带资源与环境学报, 2009, 4(1):88-94.
[3]王曦,杨靖宇,俞元春,等.不同功能区城市林业土壤黑碳含量及来源———以南京市为例[J].生态学报, 2016, 36(3):837-843.
[4]黄佳鸣,王晓旭,王阳,等.地表灰尘中黑碳含量的研究[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2012, 38(1):91-96.
[5]姜晓华,陈颖军,唐建辉,等.渤海湾海岸带表层沉积物中黑碳的分布特征[J].生态环境学报, 2010, 19(7):1617-1621.
[6]巩文雯,于晓东,韩平,等.北京市公园土壤黑碳含量特征及来源分析[J].生态环境学报, 2017, 26(10):1795-1800.
[7]徐福银,包兵,方海兰.上海市城市绿地土壤中黑碳分布特征[J].土壤通报, 2014, 45(2):457-461.
[8]张菊,邓焕广,孙镇,等.聊城市城区河湖水中Hg、As浓度分布特征及健康风险评价[J].环境污染与防治, 2012, 34(3):4-8.
[9]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2002:25-38.
[10] LIM B, CACHIER H. Determination of black carbon by chemical oxidation and thermal treatment in recent marine and lake sediments and Cretaceous-Tertiary clays[J]. Default Journal, 1996, 131(1):143-154.
[11] WILDING L P. 1985. Spatial variability:Its documentation,accommodation and implication to soil survey[M]//NIELSEN D R,BOUMA J. Soils Spatial Variability. Wageningen:PUDOC publishers:166-194.
[12]朱哲,方凤满,邓正伟.芜湖城区表层土壤黑碳含量及分布特征[J].生态与农村环境学报, 2016, 32(6):908-913.
[13]陈红,夏敦胜,王博,等.兰州市表土黑碳分布特征与来源初探[J].环境科学学报, 2018, 38(1):310-319.
[14]何跃,张甘霖,杨金玲,等.城市化过程中黑碳的土壤记录及其环境指示意义[J].环境科学, 2007, 28(10):2369-2375.
[15] GATARI M J, BOMAN J. Black carbon and total carbon measurements at urban and rural sites in Kenya, East Africa[J].Atmospheric Environment, 2003, 37(8):1149-1154.
[16] MURI G, CERMELJ B, FAGANELI J, et al. Black carbon in Slovenian alpine lacustrine sediments[J]. Chemosphere, 2002, 46(8):1225-1234.
[17]占长林,张家泉,郑敬茹,等. 316国道沿线大气降尘黑碳污染特征及来源分析[J].环境科学与技术, 2016, 39(4):154-160.
[18]何跃,张甘霖.城市土壤有机碳和黑碳的含量特征与来源分析[J].土壤学报, 2006, 43(2):177-182.
[19]刘兆云,章明奎.林地土壤中黑碳的出现及分布特点[J].浙江林学院学报, 2009, 26(3):341-345.
[2]邱敬,高人,杨玉盛,等.土壤黑碳的研究进展[J].亚热带资源与环境学报, 2009, 4(1):88-94.
[3]王曦,杨靖宇,俞元春,等.不同功能区城市林业土壤黑碳含量及来源———以南京市为例[J].生态学报, 2016, 36(3):837-843.
[4]黄佳鸣,王晓旭,王阳,等.地表灰尘中黑碳含量的研究[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2012, 38(1):91-96.
[5]姜晓华,陈颖军,唐建辉,等.渤海湾海岸带表层沉积物中黑碳的分布特征[J].生态环境学报, 2010, 19(7):1617-1621.
[6]巩文雯,于晓东,韩平,等.北京市公园土壤黑碳含量特征及来源分析[J].生态环境学报, 2017, 26(10):1795-1800.
[7]徐福银,包兵,方海兰.上海市城市绿地土壤中黑碳分布特征[J].土壤通报, 2014, 45(2):457-461.
[8]张菊,邓焕广,孙镇,等.聊城市城区河湖水中Hg、As浓度分布特征及健康风险评价[J].环境污染与防治, 2012, 34(3):4-8.
[9]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2002:25-38.
[10] LIM B, CACHIER H. Determination of black carbon by chemical oxidation and thermal treatment in recent marine and lake sediments and Cretaceous-Tertiary clays[J]. Default Journal, 1996, 131(1):143-154.
[11] WILDING L P. 1985. Spatial variability:Its documentation,accommodation and implication to soil survey[M]//NIELSEN D R,BOUMA J. Soils Spatial Variability. Wageningen:PUDOC publishers:166-194.
[12]朱哲,方凤满,邓正伟.芜湖城区表层土壤黑碳含量及分布特征[J].生态与农村环境学报, 2016, 32(6):908-913.
[13]陈红,夏敦胜,王博,等.兰州市表土黑碳分布特征与来源初探[J].环境科学学报, 2018, 38(1):310-319.
[14]何跃,张甘霖,杨金玲,等.城市化过程中黑碳的土壤记录及其环境指示意义[J].环境科学, 2007, 28(10):2369-2375.
[15] GATARI M J, BOMAN J. Black carbon and total carbon measurements at urban and rural sites in Kenya, East Africa[J].Atmospheric Environment, 2003, 37(8):1149-1154.
[16] MURI G, CERMELJ B, FAGANELI J, et al. Black carbon in Slovenian alpine lacustrine sediments[J]. Chemosphere, 2002, 46(8):1225-1234.
[17]占长林,张家泉,郑敬茹,等. 316国道沿线大气降尘黑碳污染特征及来源分析[J].环境科学与技术, 2016, 39(4):154-160.
[18]何跃,张甘霖.城市土壤有机碳和黑碳的含量特征与来源分析[J].土壤学报, 2006, 43(2):177-182.
[19]刘兆云,章明奎.林地土壤中黑碳的出现及分布特点[J].浙江林学院学报, 2009, 26(3):341-345.