煤矿井下近水平钻孔大直径套管长距离下放技术
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摘要
孔口套管封孔是后续钻孔施工与安全保障的基础,大直径套管通过能力、套管孔段轨迹偏斜控制和钻孔排渣效果是影响煤矿井下近水平钻孔大直径套管长距离下放成功的关键。为了提高套管近水平长距离下的成功率,建立了大直径套管刚性模型和弹性模型,获得了煤矿井下常用Φ178 mm、Φ146 mm和Φ127 mm套管在弯曲钻孔的通过能力数据;分析了近水平大直径套管孔段排渣困难与易发生偏斜的原因,提出采用大直径螺旋钻杆与内凹式PDC钻头进行保直钻进和高效排渣的技术方案,开发了相关钻具,制定了钻具组合,并分析了保直钻进和高效排渣机理。在赵固一矿进行了现场试验,完成3个钻孔施工,与常规工艺相比,套管孔段施工时间由110班次缩短至21班次,轨迹偏斜仅为0.042°/m,套孔下放成功率达到100%,有效解决了大直径套管近水平长距离下放难题。
The sealing of drill hole casing is the basis of drilling construction and safety guarantee. The key factors affecting the installation success rate of large diameter casing with near horizontal and long distance in coal mine are the passing capacity of large diameter casing,the deviation control of hole trajectory and the effect of slag discharge.In order to improve the pasing success rate of casing with near horizontal and long distance.The rigid and elastic models of large diameter casing were established,and the passing capacity of Φ178 mm,Φ146 mm and Φ127 mm casing in the underground coal mine was obtained. The causes of easy deviation and difficult slag discharge in near horizontal and large diameter casing borehole section were analyzed,and the technical scheme of using large diameter auger drill rod and concave PDC drill bit for straightening drilling and efficient slagging was introduced. The related drilling tools were developed,the drilling tool assembly was also made,and the mechanism of straight drilling and high-efficiency slag discharge was analyzed. Field test was carried out in Zhaogu No.1 coal mine,and three boreholes were completed for it. Compared with the conventional process,the construction time of casing borehole section was reduced from 110 to 21 shifts,the trajectory deflection was only 0.042 °/m. The success rate reaches 100%,which effectively solves the problem of large-diameter casing with near horizontal and long distance and provides reference for similar casing borehole section construction.
The sealing of drill hole casing is the basis of drilling construction and safety guarantee. The key factors affecting the installation success rate of large diameter casing with near horizontal and long distance in coal mine are the passing capacity of large diameter casing,the deviation control of hole trajectory and the effect of slag discharge.In order to improve the pasing success rate of casing with near horizontal and long distance.The rigid and elastic models of large diameter casing were established,and the passing capacity of Φ178 mm,Φ146 mm and Φ127 mm casing in the underground coal mine was obtained. The causes of easy deviation and difficult slag discharge in near horizontal and large diameter casing borehole section were analyzed,and the technical scheme of using large diameter auger drill rod and concave PDC drill bit for straightening drilling and efficient slagging was introduced. The related drilling tools were developed,the drilling tool assembly was also made,and the mechanism of straight drilling and high-efficiency slag discharge was analyzed. Field test was carried out in Zhaogu No.1 coal mine,and three boreholes were completed for it. Compared with the conventional process,the construction time of casing borehole section was reduced from 110 to 21 shifts,the trajectory deflection was only 0.042 °/m. The success rate reaches 100%,which effectively solves the problem of large-diameter casing with near horizontal and long distance and provides reference for similar casing borehole section construction.
引文
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[4]方俊,陆军,张幼振,等.定向长钻孔精确探放矿井老空水技术及其应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(2):101-105.FANG Jun,LU Jun,ZHANG Youzhen,et al.Technology and application of precise detection and drainage of goaf water by directional long borehole[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(2):101-105.
[5]金鑫,段会军,崔岩波,等.桑树坪矿煤层底板注浆加固定向钻孔钻进技术[J].煤炭工程,2018,50(1):45-47,51.JIN Xing,DUAN Huijun,CUI Yanbo,et al.Drilling technology of directional drilled borehole for grouting reinforcement of seam floor in Sangshuping Coal Mine[J].Coal Engineering,2018,50(1):45-47,51.
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[7]刘永升,高德利,王镇全,等.斜直井眼中钻柱横向动态运动非线性模型研究[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(24):1-6.LIU Yongsheng,GAO Deli,WANG Zhenquan,et al.Nonlinear dynamic model of drill-string transverse motion in a deviated well.Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(24):1-6.
[8]税国煌,何世明,邓翔.常规钻具组合防斜打快钻压优选与应用[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(2):92-98.SHUI Guohuang,HE Shiming,DENG Xiang.Optimization and application of WOB for deflection control while fast drilling with conventional drilling assembly[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(2):92-98.
[9]刘宝生,杨进,刘小刚,等.渤海油田探井非常规井眼防斜打快组合技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(3):293-296.LIU Baosheng,YANG Jin,LIU Xiaogang,et al.Combination technology of deviation prevention and quick drilling for exploratory wells in Bohai Oilfield[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(3):293-296.
[10]李泉新,石智军,许超,等.2 311 m顺煤层超长定向钻孔高效钻进技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):27-32.LI Quanxin,SHI Zhijun,XU Chao,et al.Efficient drilling technique of 2311 m ultra-long directional hole along coal seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):27-32.
[11]赵建国,刘建林,董昌乐,等.顶板高位大直径定向钻孔扩孔新技术探索[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):40-45.ZHAO Jianguo,LIU Jianlin,DONG Changle,et al.New reaming technology for high position and large diameter directional drilling in roof[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):40-45.
[12]魏宏超.煤矿防治冲击地压大直径钻孔施工技术与装备[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(10):140-143,195.WEI Hongchao.Technology and equipment of large diameter borehole construction applied to prevent and control pressure bump in coal mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(10):140-143,195.
[13]王鲜,许超,王四一,等.本煤层650mm大直径钻孔技术与装备[J].金属矿山,2017,46(8):157-160.WANG Xian,XU Chao,WANG Siyi,et al.650 mm large diameter drilling technology and equipment for the coal seam[J].Metal Mine,2017,46(8):157-160.
[14]彭旭,杨忠,刘卫卫.混合高效钻进技术在近水平长钻孔中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(3):67-70,75.PENG Xu,YANG Zhong,LIU Weiwei.Application of hybrid efficient drilling technology in nearly horizontal long borehole[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(3):67-70,75.
[15]蔡恩宏.弯曲井段中套管通过能力分析研究[J].石油和化工设备,2010,13(8):15-17.CAI Enhong.Analysis on the casing through capacity in curved hole[J].Petro-Chemical Equipment,2010,13(8):15-17.
[16]王建军,张绍槐,狄勤丰,等.套管弯曲强度与极限转角研究[J].西安石油学院学报:自然科学版,1997,12(1):24-26,5.WANG Jianjun,ZHANG Shaohuai,DI Qinfeng,et al.Investigation on the bend strength and bend limitation corner of casings[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,1997,12(1):24-26,5.
[17]谭松成,段隆臣,苟晓东,等.热压孕镶金刚石钻头偏磨的影响因素分析[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2013,18(4):609-614.TAN Songcheng,DUAN Longchen,GOU Xiaodong,et al.Influential factor analysis for lopsided wear of hot-pressed impregnated diamond bit[J].Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy,2013,18(4):609-614.
[18]姚克,张锐,方鹏,等.ZDY2800LG高转速螺旋钻进技术装备应用[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(6):123-126.YAO Ke,ZHANG Rui,FANG Peng,et al.Application of ZDY2800LG high rotation speed spiral drilling technology and equipment[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(6):123-126.
[2]李瑞群.神东矿区井下常用各类钻孔的特点分析和施工工艺研究[J].煤炭工程,2018,50(1):31-35.LI Ruiqun.Study on characteristic analysis and construction technology of underground drilling in shendong mining area[J].Coal Engineering,2018,50(1):31-35.
[3]张迪,李泉新,方俊.集束型枝状定向钻孔群一孔两消瓦斯抽采技术与应用[J].煤矿安全,2018,49(6):49-53.ZHANG Di,LI Quanxin,FANG Jun.Technology of gas extraction for two places outburst elimination with one hole by cluster-type multi-branch directional hole group and application[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2018,49(6):49-53.
[4]方俊,陆军,张幼振,等.定向长钻孔精确探放矿井老空水技术及其应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(2):101-105.FANG Jun,LU Jun,ZHANG Youzhen,et al.Technology and application of precise detection and drainage of goaf water by directional long borehole[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(2):101-105.
[5]金鑫,段会军,崔岩波,等.桑树坪矿煤层底板注浆加固定向钻孔钻进技术[J].煤炭工程,2018,50(1):45-47,51.JIN Xing,DUAN Huijun,CUI Yanbo,et al.Drilling technology of directional drilled borehole for grouting reinforcement of seam floor in Sangshuping Coal Mine[J].Coal Engineering,2018,50(1):45-47,51.
[6]史海岐,李泉新,方俊.底板注浆加固定向钻孔套管事故处理技术[J].矿业研究与开发,2013,33(6):96-99.SHI Haiqi,LI Quanxin,FANG Jun.Casing accident treatment technology in directional drilling for grouting reinforcement[J].Mining Research and Development,2013,33(6):96-99.
[7]刘永升,高德利,王镇全,等.斜直井眼中钻柱横向动态运动非线性模型研究[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(24):1-6.LIU Yongsheng,GAO Deli,WANG Zhenquan,et al.Nonlinear dynamic model of drill-string transverse motion in a deviated well.Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(24):1-6.
[8]税国煌,何世明,邓翔.常规钻具组合防斜打快钻压优选与应用[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(2):92-98.SHUI Guohuang,HE Shiming,DENG Xiang.Optimization and application of WOB for deflection control while fast drilling with conventional drilling assembly[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(2):92-98.
[9]刘宝生,杨进,刘小刚,等.渤海油田探井非常规井眼防斜打快组合技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(3):293-296.LIU Baosheng,YANG Jin,LIU Xiaogang,et al.Combination technology of deviation prevention and quick drilling for exploratory wells in Bohai Oilfield[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(3):293-296.
[10]李泉新,石智军,许超,等.2 311 m顺煤层超长定向钻孔高效钻进技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):27-32.LI Quanxin,SHI Zhijun,XU Chao,et al.Efficient drilling technique of 2311 m ultra-long directional hole along coal seam[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):27-32.
[11]赵建国,刘建林,董昌乐,等.顶板高位大直径定向钻孔扩孔新技术探索[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(4):40-45.ZHAO Jianguo,LIU Jianlin,DONG Changle,et al.New reaming technology for high position and large diameter directional drilling in roof[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(4):40-45.
[12]魏宏超.煤矿防治冲击地压大直径钻孔施工技术与装备[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(10):140-143,195.WEI Hongchao.Technology and equipment of large diameter borehole construction applied to prevent and control pressure bump in coal mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(10):140-143,195.
[13]王鲜,许超,王四一,等.本煤层650mm大直径钻孔技术与装备[J].金属矿山,2017,46(8):157-160.WANG Xian,XU Chao,WANG Siyi,et al.650 mm large diameter drilling technology and equipment for the coal seam[J].Metal Mine,2017,46(8):157-160.
[14]彭旭,杨忠,刘卫卫.混合高效钻进技术在近水平长钻孔中的应用[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(3):67-70,75.PENG Xu,YANG Zhong,LIU Weiwei.Application of hybrid efficient drilling technology in nearly horizontal long borehole[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(3):67-70,75.
[15]蔡恩宏.弯曲井段中套管通过能力分析研究[J].石油和化工设备,2010,13(8):15-17.CAI Enhong.Analysis on the casing through capacity in curved hole[J].Petro-Chemical Equipment,2010,13(8):15-17.
[16]王建军,张绍槐,狄勤丰,等.套管弯曲强度与极限转角研究[J].西安石油学院学报:自然科学版,1997,12(1):24-26,5.WANG Jianjun,ZHANG Shaohuai,DI Qinfeng,et al.Investigation on the bend strength and bend limitation corner of casings[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,1997,12(1):24-26,5.
[17]谭松成,段隆臣,苟晓东,等.热压孕镶金刚石钻头偏磨的影响因素分析[J].粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2013,18(4):609-614.TAN Songcheng,DUAN Longchen,GOU Xiaodong,et al.Influential factor analysis for lopsided wear of hot-pressed impregnated diamond bit[J].Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy,2013,18(4):609-614.
[18]姚克,张锐,方鹏,等.ZDY2800LG高转速螺旋钻进技术装备应用[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(6):123-126.YAO Ke,ZHANG Rui,FANG Peng,et al.Application of ZDY2800LG high rotation speed spiral drilling technology and equipment[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(6):123-126.
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