PDC锚杆钻头回转钻进的力学特性与试验
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摘要
针对煤矿巷道锚固孔快速精准钻进的施工需求,通过建立PDC锚杆钻头回转钻进力学模型,对其主要力学影响因素进行了理论分析。结果表明:PDC切削齿轴向力随压入深度的增大而增大,随切入角的增大表现出先减小后增大的趋势;当煤系岩石摩擦系数f为0.20～0.43时,可得最优切入角为15.0°～18.3°,此时在相同压入深度条件下轴向力和切向力最小。并进一步结合煤系岩石的力学特性,提出了PDC切削齿作用下的岩石破碎条件,得出不同压入深度时轴向力和切向力的关系。利用自主研发的钻进试验台对模拟岩样进行了钻进试验,试验结果验证了PDC锚杆钻头回转钻进力学模型的正确性。研究结果为PDC锚杆钻头优化设计,锚固孔钻进效率与精度的提高,以及钻进轴向力和切向力的变化预测等提供了理论依据。
For the construction requirements of the fast and accurate drilling of anchor hole in a coal roadway, the main mechanical factors are analyzed in theory through the establishment of PDC anchor bit rotary drilling mechanics model. The results show that the axial force of the PDC cutting tooth increases with the increase of the penetration depth, and shows the trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of the cutting angle.When the friction coefficient of the coal-bearing strata is 0.20 to 0.43, the optimum cutting angle is from 15.0° to 18.3°, and the axial force and the tangential force are minimal under the same penetration depth. Furthermore,based on the mechanical properties of coal-bearing strata, the rock breaking conditions under the action of PDC cutting teeth are proposed, and the relationship between axial force and tangential force at different penetration depths is obtained. The actual drilling test of simulated rock samples was carried out by the self-developed drilling laboratory bench. The test results verified the correctness of the rotary drilling mechanics model. The research results provide theoretical basis for the optimization design of PDC anchor bit, the improvement of drilling efficiency and precision of anchor hole, and the prediction of the change of drilling axial force and tangential force.
For the construction requirements of the fast and accurate drilling of anchor hole in a coal roadway, the main mechanical factors are analyzed in theory through the establishment of PDC anchor bit rotary drilling mechanics model. The results show that the axial force of the PDC cutting tooth increases with the increase of the penetration depth, and shows the trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of the cutting angle.When the friction coefficient of the coal-bearing strata is 0.20 to 0.43, the optimum cutting angle is from 15.0° to 18.3°, and the axial force and the tangential force are minimal under the same penetration depth. Furthermore,based on the mechanical properties of coal-bearing strata, the rock breaking conditions under the action of PDC cutting teeth are proposed, and the relationship between axial force and tangential force at different penetration depths is obtained. The actual drilling test of simulated rock samples was carried out by the self-developed drilling laboratory bench. The test results verified the correctness of the rotary drilling mechanics model. The research results provide theoretical basis for the optimization design of PDC anchor bit, the improvement of drilling efficiency and precision of anchor hole, and the prediction of the change of drilling axial force and tangential force.
引文
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[8]孟传明.锚杆钻头破岩过程建模及仿真分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(10):90-92.MENG Chuanming.Simulation analysis on rock cutting process of roof bolter bit[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(10):90-92.
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[11]祝效华,易勤健.PDC钻头切削断面对破岩效率的影响[J].中国机械工程,2018,29(7):817-823.ZHU Xiaohua,YI Qinjian.Influences of cutting shapes of PDCbits on rock breaking efficiency[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2018,29(7):817-823.
[12]WANG Jiajun,ZOU Deyong,HE Renqing.Experimental study on force of PDC cutter breaking rock[J].Procedia Engineering,2014,73:258-263.
[13]李田军.PDC钻头破碎岩石的力学分析与机理研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2012.
[14]李田军,鄢泰宁,勃其斯基АМ.复合片破碎岩石载荷分析及其试验[J].煤田地质与勘探,2012,40(4):90-92.LI Tianjun,YAN Taining,BOCHKOVSKYАМ.Load of diamond-carbide compact while crushing rock[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2012,40(4):90-92.
[15]李鹏.月岩取心钻头及其低作用力高效能钻进特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2017.
[16]吴华杰,王明洋,吴春梅,等.钻地武器侵彻岩石滑动摩擦系数影响及计算研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(12):1845-1850.WU Huajie,WANG Mingyang,WU Chunmei,et al.Influence and calculation of friction coefficient of sliding of projectile penetration into rock[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(12):1845-1850.
[17]尤明庆,华安增.岩石试样的强度准则及内摩擦系数[J].地质力学学报,2001,7(1):53-60.YOU Mingqing,HUA Anzeng.Strength criterion and internal friction coefficient of rock specimen[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2001,7(1):53-60.
[18]李世忠.钻探工艺学(上册)[M].北京:地质出版社,1992.
[19]张献振,王传留,居培,等.基于电液微钻试验台的聚晶金刚石复合片性能分析[J].煤矿机械,2017,38(8):55-57.ZHANG Xianzhen,WANG Chuanliu,JU Pei,et al.Performance evaluation of polycrystalline diamond compacts based on electric-hydraulic micro drilling test[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2017,38(8):55-57.
[20]孙荣军,谷拴成,石智军,等.PDC实钻性能的测试与评价[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2018,38(3):86-90.SUN Rongjun,GU Shuancheng,SHI Zhijun,et al.Testing and evaluation of PDC real drilling performance[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2018,38(3):86-90.
[2]孙荣军.煤矿用锚杆钻头的应用现状与发展趋势[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2017,44(5):58-61.SUN Rongjun.Application status and developmental trend of anchor drill bit in coal mine[J].Exploration Engineering(Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling),2017,44(5):58-61.
[3]刘晓燕,李锁智,唐胜利,等.金刚石锚杆钻头类型及其合理选择使用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2002,30(3):60-62.LIU Xiaoyan,LI Suozhi,TANG Shengli,et al.The types and proper usage of roof bolt diamond bits[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2002,30(3):60-62.
[4]YAHIAOUI M,PARIS J Y,DELBE K,et al.Independent analyses of cutting and friction forces applied on a single polycrystalline diamond compact cutter[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2016,85:20-26.
[5]YAHIAOUI M,GERBAUD L,PARIS J Y,et al.A study on PDC drill bits quality[J].Wear,2013,298:32-41.
[6]RAHMANI R,SMITH J R,TALEGHANI A D.Analytical modeling of PDC single cutter-rock interaction under confining pressure[C]//American Rock Mechanics Association,46th USRock Mechanics Geomechanics Symposium.2012.
[7]STAVROPOULOU M.Modeling of small-diameter rotary drilling tests on marbles[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2006,43(7):1034-1051.
[8]孟传明.锚杆钻头破岩过程建模及仿真分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(10):90-92.MENG Chuanming.Simulation analysis on rock cutting process of roof bolter bit[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(10):90-92.
[9]张幼振,石智军,邵俊杰.煤矿巷道锚固孔钻进动力学仿真分析[C]//中国地质学会探矿工程专业委员会,第十八届全国探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程)技术学术交流年会论文集.北京:地质出版社,2015.
[10]任海涛,杨迎新,陈炼,等.PDC钻头钻进仿真系统数字化方法研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(5):150-154.REN Haitao,YANG Yingxin,CHEN Lian,et al.Research on the digital method of the PDC bit drilling progress simulation system[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2010,32(5):150-154.
[11]祝效华,易勤健.PDC钻头切削断面对破岩效率的影响[J].中国机械工程,2018,29(7):817-823.ZHU Xiaohua,YI Qinjian.Influences of cutting shapes of PDCbits on rock breaking efficiency[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2018,29(7):817-823.
[12]WANG Jiajun,ZOU Deyong,HE Renqing.Experimental study on force of PDC cutter breaking rock[J].Procedia Engineering,2014,73:258-263.
[13]李田军.PDC钻头破碎岩石的力学分析与机理研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2012.
[14]李田军,鄢泰宁,勃其斯基АМ.复合片破碎岩石载荷分析及其试验[J].煤田地质与勘探,2012,40(4):90-92.LI Tianjun,YAN Taining,BOCHKOVSKYАМ.Load of diamond-carbide compact while crushing rock[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2012,40(4):90-92.
[15]李鹏.月岩取心钻头及其低作用力高效能钻进特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2017.
[16]吴华杰,王明洋,吴春梅,等.钻地武器侵彻岩石滑动摩擦系数影响及计算研究[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(12):1845-1850.WU Huajie,WANG Mingyang,WU Chunmei,et al.Influence and calculation of friction coefficient of sliding of projectile penetration into rock[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(12):1845-1850.
[17]尤明庆,华安增.岩石试样的强度准则及内摩擦系数[J].地质力学学报,2001,7(1):53-60.YOU Mingqing,HUA Anzeng.Strength criterion and internal friction coefficient of rock specimen[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2001,7(1):53-60.
[18]李世忠.钻探工艺学(上册)[M].北京:地质出版社,1992.
[19]张献振,王传留,居培,等.基于电液微钻试验台的聚晶金刚石复合片性能分析[J].煤矿机械,2017,38(8):55-57.ZHANG Xianzhen,WANG Chuanliu,JU Pei,et al.Performance evaluation of polycrystalline diamond compacts based on electric-hydraulic micro drilling test[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2017,38(8):55-57.
[20]孙荣军,谷拴成,石智军,等.PDC实钻性能的测试与评价[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2018,38(3):86-90.SUN Rongjun,GU Shuancheng,SHI Zhijun,et al.Testing and evaluation of PDC real drilling performance[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2018,38(3):86-90.
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