基于事件本体的突发事件领域知识建模
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摘要
基于本体的知识建模方法有很多,在某些特定领域采用传统的本体建模方法存在着一些不足。以突发事件领域为例,提出了基于事件本体的知识建模方法。该模型分为上层事件类、下层事件类和事件实例,上层事件类描述的抽象的事件的分类体系,下层事件类是通过事件类关系组成的事件格结构。该模型不仅可以描述事件的时间、地点、对象等要素,还能描述事件类之间的关系。采用本体建模工具Protégé来构建突发事件领域本体,并以"恐怖袭击"作为实例验证了该模型的可用性。研究结果表明,该模型可以清晰地描述事件类的完整性,语义清晰,扩展性强。
There are many methods of ontology-based knowledge modeling. However, there are some deficiencies in adopting traditional ontology modeling methods in some specific domain. This paper takes emergency domain ontology as an example and proposes a knowledge modeling method based on event ontology. Event ontology model is divided into upper event class, lower event class and event individuals. The upper event class describes an abstract classification system and the lower event class is an event lattice structure composed of event class relationships. This model can not only describe the time, place, objects and other elements of the event class, but also describe the relationships between the event classes. It uses the ontology modeling tool Protégé to construct the emergency domain ontology and takes the"terrorist attack"as an example to verify the usability of this model. The experimental results show that this model can describe the integrity of event class clearly, expresses semantics clearly and has strong expandability.
There are many methods of ontology-based knowledge modeling. However, there are some deficiencies in adopting traditional ontology modeling methods in some specific domain. This paper takes emergency domain ontology as an example and proposes a knowledge modeling method based on event ontology. Event ontology model is divided into upper event class, lower event class and event individuals. The upper event class describes an abstract classification system and the lower event class is an event lattice structure composed of event class relationships. This model can not only describe the time, place, objects and other elements of the event class, but also describe the relationships between the event classes. It uses the ontology modeling tool Protégé to construct the emergency domain ontology and takes the"terrorist attack"as an example to verify the usability of this model. The experimental results show that this model can describe the integrity of event class clearly, expresses semantics clearly and has strong expandability.
引文
[1]Studer R,Benjamins V R,Fensel D.Knowledge engineering:principles and methods[J].Data and Knowledge Engineering,2010,25(12):161-197.
[2]Suchanek F M,Kasneci G,Weikum G.YAGO:a large ontology from wikipedia and wordnet[J].Web Semantics Science Services and Agents on the World Wide Web,2008,6(3):203-217.
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[13]刘炜,丁宁,杨竣辉,等.针对环境污染突发事件领域的事件本体模式[J].计算机科学与探索,2016,10(4):466-480.
[14]仲兆满,刘宗田,李存华.事件本体模型及事件类排序[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,2013,49(2):234-240.
[15]Zhou Wen,Zhang Yajun,Su Xiaoying,et al.Semantic role labeling based event argument identification[J].International Journal of Database Theory Application,2016,9(6):93-102.
[16]Lee C,Chen Y,Jian Z.Ontology-based fuzzy event extraction agent for Chinese e-news summarization[J].Expert Systems with Applications,2003,25(3):431-447.
[17]Studer R,Benjamins V R,Fensel D.Knowledge engineering:principles and methods[J].Data and Knowledge Engineering,1998,25(1):167-197.
[18]Gruber T R.Towards principle for design of ontology used for knowledge sharing[J].International Journal of Human Computer Studies,1995,43:907-928.
[19]Nicola A D,Missikoff M,Navigli R.A software engineering approach to ontology building[J].Information Systems,2009,34(2):258-275.
[20]Hobbs J R,Pan F.An ontology of time for the semantic web[J].ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing,2004,3(1):66-85.
[21]Lohmann S,Negru S,Haag F,et al.Visualizing ontologies with VOWL[J].Intech,2016,7(4):399-419.
[22]Pauwels P,Terkai W.Express to OWL for construction industry:towards a recommendable and usable ifc OWLOntology[J].Automation in Construction,2016,63:100-133.
[23]Fang Quan,Xu Changsheng,Sang Jitao.Folksonomybased visual ontology construction and its applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Multimedia,2016,18(4):702-713.
[24]Shirahama K,Grzegorzek M.Towards large-scale multimedia retrieval enriched by knowledge about human interpretation[J].Multimedia Tools and Applications,2016,75(1):297-331.
[25]Ramli F,Sam N.Building an event ontology for historical domain to support semantic document retrieval[J].International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering Information Technology,2016,6(6):1154-1160.
[2]Suchanek F M,Kasneci G,Weikum G.YAGO:a large ontology from wikipedia and wordnet[J].Web Semantics Science Services and Agents on the World Wide Web,2008,6(3):203-217.
[3]Smith B,Ashburner M,Rosse C,et al.The OBO foundry:coordinated evolution of ontologies to support biomedical data integration[J].Nature Biotechnology,2007,25(11):1251-1255.
[4]Younesi E,Malhotra A,Gundel M,et al.PDON:Parkinson’s disease ontology for representation and modeling of the Parkinson’s disease knowledge domain[J].Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling,2015,12(1):12-20.
[5]Gregor D,Toral S,Ariza T,et al.A methodology for structured ontology construction applied to intelligent transportation systems[J].Computer Standards and Interfaces,2016,47:108-119.
[6]刘宗田,黄美丽,周文,等.面向事件的本体探究[J].计算机科学,2009,36(11):189-192.
[7]Lagoze C,Hunter J.The ABC ontology and model[C]//Proceedings of International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications,Tokyo,Japan,2001:160-176.
[8]Hage W R,Malaise V,Segers R,et al.Design and use of the Simple Event Model(SEM)[J].Web Semantics Science Services&Agents on the World Wide Web,2011,9(2):128-136.
[9]Shaw R,Troncy R,Hardman L.LODE:linking open descriptions of events[C]//Proceedings of Asian Conference on the Semantic Web.Berlin,Heidelberg:Springer,2009:153-167.
[10]Vassilakaki E,Zervos S.CIDOC-CRM extensions for conservation processes:a methodological approach[C]//Proceedings of International Conference on Integrated Information,2015:185-192.
[11]Scherp A,Franz T,Saathoff C,et al.F-A model of events based on the foundational ontology Dolce+DnSUltralight[C]//Proceedings of International Conference on Knowledge Capture.New York,USA:ACM Press,2009:137-144.
[12]Raimond Y,Abdallah S,Sandler M,et al.The music ontology[C]//Proceeding of the 8th International Conference on Music Information Retrieval(ISMIR’07),Vienna,Austria,2007:417-422.
[13]刘炜,丁宁,杨竣辉,等.针对环境污染突发事件领域的事件本体模式[J].计算机科学与探索,2016,10(4):466-480.
[14]仲兆满,刘宗田,李存华.事件本体模型及事件类排序[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,2013,49(2):234-240.
[15]Zhou Wen,Zhang Yajun,Su Xiaoying,et al.Semantic role labeling based event argument identification[J].International Journal of Database Theory Application,2016,9(6):93-102.
[16]Lee C,Chen Y,Jian Z.Ontology-based fuzzy event extraction agent for Chinese e-news summarization[J].Expert Systems with Applications,2003,25(3):431-447.
[17]Studer R,Benjamins V R,Fensel D.Knowledge engineering:principles and methods[J].Data and Knowledge Engineering,1998,25(1):167-197.
[18]Gruber T R.Towards principle for design of ontology used for knowledge sharing[J].International Journal of Human Computer Studies,1995,43:907-928.
[19]Nicola A D,Missikoff M,Navigli R.A software engineering approach to ontology building[J].Information Systems,2009,34(2):258-275.
[20]Hobbs J R,Pan F.An ontology of time for the semantic web[J].ACM Transactions on Asian Language Information Processing,2004,3(1):66-85.
[21]Lohmann S,Negru S,Haag F,et al.Visualizing ontologies with VOWL[J].Intech,2016,7(4):399-419.
[22]Pauwels P,Terkai W.Express to OWL for construction industry:towards a recommendable and usable ifc OWLOntology[J].Automation in Construction,2016,63:100-133.
[23]Fang Quan,Xu Changsheng,Sang Jitao.Folksonomybased visual ontology construction and its applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Multimedia,2016,18(4):702-713.
[24]Shirahama K,Grzegorzek M.Towards large-scale multimedia retrieval enriched by knowledge about human interpretation[J].Multimedia Tools and Applications,2016,75(1):297-331.
[25]Ramli F,Sam N.Building an event ontology for historical domain to support semantic document retrieval[J].International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering Information Technology,2016,6(6):1154-1160.