东方水韭对人工污水胁迫的生理响应
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摘要
采用不同浓度的污水对长势基本相同的成熟东方水韭(Isoetes orientalis)植株进行处理,研究其在5,10,20倍浓度污水胁迫2~14 d的6项生理指标,即叶片的保护酶系统、渗透调节物质、叶绿素和丙二醛含量、相对电导率和光和速率的变化规律。结果表明,东方水韭在5倍和10倍浓度污水胁迫下的耐受性较好,在20倍污水胁迫下的耐受性较差,各项生理指标均显示出较大的损伤。根据污水胁迫强度及生态实际,笔者认为,污水胁迫不是造成东方水韭营养体濒危的主要原因。
Isoetes orientalis is a wild national protective endangered aquatic pteridophyte. It is an endemic ancient relict plant inhabited in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River. The relationship between pollution of water body and endangerment of I. orientalis had never been reported. Mature I. orientalis plants with similar growth vigor were treated for 2- 14 days with different concentrations( 5 times,10 times and 20 times)of sewage water to observe the change of 6 physiological indexes of the plants,i. e.,protective enzyme system,osmotic substance,chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde content,relative conductance and photosynthetic rate.I. orientalis was found to have a better tolerance to the stress of the sewage water under 5 and 10 times of the concentration but poor tolerance to the stress under the 20 times of concentration with comparatively obvious physiological injury. According to the sewage stress and the ecological conditions,the authors believe that the sewage water stress might not be the main reason for endangerment of I. orientalis.
Isoetes orientalis is a wild national protective endangered aquatic pteridophyte. It is an endemic ancient relict plant inhabited in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River. The relationship between pollution of water body and endangerment of I. orientalis had never been reported. Mature I. orientalis plants with similar growth vigor were treated for 2- 14 days with different concentrations( 5 times,10 times and 20 times)of sewage water to observe the change of 6 physiological indexes of the plants,i. e.,protective enzyme system,osmotic substance,chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde content,relative conductance and photosynthetic rate.I. orientalis was found to have a better tolerance to the stress of the sewage water under 5 and 10 times of the concentration but poor tolerance to the stress under the 20 times of concentration with comparatively obvious physiological injury. According to the sewage stress and the ecological conditions,the authors believe that the sewage water stress might not be the main reason for endangerment of I. orientalis.
引文
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[25]黄雪方,李冬林,金雅琴,等.5种挺水植物对污水浸淹的生理反应及净水效果[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(5):66-70.
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[27]颉建明,郁继华,颉敏华,等.低温弱光下3种渗透调节物质含量变化及其与品种耐性的关系[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(1):105-110.
[28]鲁敏,裴翡翡,宁静,等.4种湿地植物受污水胁迫生理生化特性影响的相关性研究[J].山东建筑工程学院学报,2011,26(5):416-419.
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[30]周建,杨立峰,郝峰鸽,等.低温胁迫对广玉兰幼苗光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(1):136-142.
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[32]CHANDRA A,PATHAK P S,BHATT R K.Variation in drought tolerance of different stylosanthes accessions[J].Biologia Plantarum,2004,48(3):457-460.
[33]聂磊,贺漫媚,代色平.十种湿地挺水植物净化广州河涌污水的生理生态效应分析[J].湖北农业科学,2011,50(9):1776-1780.
[2]于永福.中国野生植物保护工作的里程碑[J].植物杂志,1999(5):3-11.
[3]严岳鸿,张宪春,马克平.中国蕨类植物多样性与地理分布[M].北京:科学出版社,2013:76-86.
[4]LIU H,WANG Q F,WCARL T.Isoetes orientalis(Isoetaceae),a new hexaploid quillwort from China[J].Novon,2005,15(1):164-167.
[5]刘星,庞新安,王青锋.中国3种水韭属植物自然居群水体化学性质特征及差异性研究[J].植物生态学报,2003(4):510-515.
[6]刘虹.珍稀极危水生植物中华水韭(水韭科)的生活史研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2006.
[7]刘星,王勇,王青锋,等.中国水韭属植物的染色体数目及其分类学意义[J].植物分类学报,2002,40(4):351-356.
[8]陈媛媛,叶其刚,黄宏文.中华水韭(Isoetes sinensis)等位酶分析的初步研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2003,21(1):91-94.
[9]刘保东.极度濒危蕨类植物中华水韭人工批量繁育获得成功[J].生物多样性,2012,20(6):784.
[10]刘婷婷,孙昊,关旸,等.低温胁迫对极度濒危植物中华水韭生理特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(10):2031-2036.
[11]孙昊,刘婷婷,关旸,等.极度濒危蕨类中华水韭对除草剂的生理响应[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(9):1830-1837.
[12]邢建娇,路靖,李范,等.湿地极危植物中华水韭孢子育苗及幼孢苗管护[J].湿地科学,2013,11(3):347-351.
[13]姜男,邢建娇,丁国华,等.几种栽培基质下中华水韭幼苗的生长规律[J].湿地科学,2014,12(1):117-121.
[14]路靖,关维元,徐永星,等.中华水韭雌配子体及胚胎发育的初步研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2013,31(4):353-359.
[15]林鹏.中国红树林生态系统[M].北京:科学出版社,1997:329-352.
[16]况琪军,谭渝云.活性藻系统对氮、磷及有机物的去除研究[J].中国环境科学,2001,21(3):212-216.
[17]吴智诚.营养元素及培养条件对粪产碱杆菌降解机油的影响[J].环境科技,2008,21(5):26-30.
[18]郑国臣,赵峰,李建政,等.微量元素对ABR发酵产氢产甲烷的影响[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(3):20-23.
[19]上海市植物生理学会.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].上海:科学出版社,2004:60-394.
[20]BASSI R,SHARMA S.Proline accumulation in wheat young sporophytes exposed to zinc and copper[J].Phytochem,1993,33(6):1339-1342.
[21]陈桂葵,陈桂珠,黄玉山,等.人工污水对白骨壤幼苗生理生态特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,1999,10(1):95-98.
[22]SUKUMARAN N P,WEISER C J.An excised leaflet test for evaluating potato frost tolerance[J].Hort Science,1972,7(5):467-468.
[23]HAMEED A,GOHER M.Drought induced programmed cell death and associated changes in antioxidants,proteases,and lipid peroxidation in wheat leaves[J].Biologia Plantarum,2013,57(2):370-374.
[24]金忠民,沙伟,臧威,等.干旱胁迫对白三叶幼苗保护酶的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2010,38(7):52-53.
[25]黄雪方,李冬林,金雅琴,等.5种挺水植物对污水浸淹的生理反应及净水效果[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2012,36(5):66-70.
[26]RIZHSKY L,LIANG H,SHUMAN J.When defense pathways collide:The response of Arabidopsis to a combination of drought and heat stress[J].Plant Physiol,2004,134(4):1683-1696.
[27]颉建明,郁继华,颉敏华,等.低温弱光下3种渗透调节物质含量变化及其与品种耐性的关系[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(1):105-110.
[28]鲁敏,裴翡翡,宁静,等.4种湿地植物受污水胁迫生理生化特性影响的相关性研究[J].山东建筑工程学院学报,2011,26(5):416-419.
[29]魏国余,招礼军,朱栗琼,等.城市污水对4种树木生理指标的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(17):5078-5079.
[30]周建,杨立峰,郝峰鸽,等.低温胁迫对广玉兰幼苗光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2009,29(1):136-142.
[31]胡宏友,卢昌义,叶勇.生活污水对长春花生长及生理影响的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2005,13(4):131-134.
[32]CHANDRA A,PATHAK P S,BHATT R K.Variation in drought tolerance of different stylosanthes accessions[J].Biologia Plantarum,2004,48(3):457-460.
[33]聂磊,贺漫媚,代色平.十种湿地挺水植物净化广州河涌污水的生理生态效应分析[J].湖北农业科学,2011,50(9):1776-1780.