基于进化算法和水质模型的河口污染物溯源方法
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摘要
近年来河口地区水体污染突发事件日益增多,快速识别污染源发生的位置、时间和总量,对于防控措施的制定具有重要的研究价值。为此基于河口地区潮流动力特征,通过变量解耦、优化遗传算法和水质扩散模型,提出了一套适用于河口地区的溯源方法。通过引入基于拉格朗日方法的大尺度粗筛,明确溯源范围;再基于考虑权重系数的遗传算法和适应度指标法,进一步优化污染源位置和发生时间;最后基于解耦模型实现泄露总量的判定,确保了计算效率和和预测精度。模型进一步应用于福建省泉州湾河口地区的污染源识别。研究结果表明,模型在单观测点信息源的情况下,仍具有良好的鲁棒性和溯源准确性,若观测点增加,通过交叉验证可消除观测误差的影响,给出更为准确的溯源结果,证实该方法不受限于实测数据源的多少,具有较好的推广和应用性。该方法可以辅助河口及海岸地区水污染的快速溯源和调查取证,协助相关部门采取必要措施减轻水污染造成的不利影响。
In recent years,the number of water pollution emergencies in the estuary area is increasing. Rapid identification of the location,time and total amount of pollution sources is of great research value for the formulation of prevention and control measures. Based on the dynamic characteristics of tidal current in estuary area,a set of tracing methods suitable for estuary area was proposed through variable decoupling,optimization of genetic algorithm and water quality diffusion model. By introducing a large-scale coarse screening based on Lagrange method,the calculation range was defined,and then the location and occurrence time of pollution sources were further optimized based on fitness method and the genetic algorithm that considering weight coefficients. Then finally the total leakage amount was calculated based on decoupling model. This model ensured the calculation efficiency and prediction accuracy. This model was further applied to the identification of pollution sources in Quanzhou Bay Estuary,Fujian province. The results show that this model still has good robustness and traceability accuracy under the condition of single observation point source. If observation point increases,the influence of observation errors can be eliminated by cross-validation,and more accurate traceability results can be obtained. It is proved that the method is not limited to the number of measured data sources,so it has good popularization and application. This proposed method can assist the rapid tracing and investigation of water pollution in estuary and coastal areas,then assist relevant departments to take necessary measures to weaken the adverse effects caused by water pollution.
In recent years,the number of water pollution emergencies in the estuary area is increasing. Rapid identification of the location,time and total amount of pollution sources is of great research value for the formulation of prevention and control measures. Based on the dynamic characteristics of tidal current in estuary area,a set of tracing methods suitable for estuary area was proposed through variable decoupling,optimization of genetic algorithm and water quality diffusion model. By introducing a large-scale coarse screening based on Lagrange method,the calculation range was defined,and then the location and occurrence time of pollution sources were further optimized based on fitness method and the genetic algorithm that considering weight coefficients. Then finally the total leakage amount was calculated based on decoupling model. This model ensured the calculation efficiency and prediction accuracy. This model was further applied to the identification of pollution sources in Quanzhou Bay Estuary,Fujian province. The results show that this model still has good robustness and traceability accuracy under the condition of single observation point source. If observation point increases,the influence of observation errors can be eliminated by cross-validation,and more accurate traceability results can be obtained. It is proved that the method is not limited to the number of measured data sources,so it has good popularization and application. This proposed method can assist the rapid tracing and investigation of water pollution in estuary and coastal areas,then assist relevant departments to take necessary measures to weaken the adverse effects caused by water pollution.
引文
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14林作梁,朱学明,鲍献文,等.基于FVCOM的泉州湾海域三维潮汐与潮流数值模拟[J].海洋学报,2013,35(1):15-24Lin Zuoliang,Zhu Xueming,Bao Xianwen,et al.Three-dimensional tide and tidal current numerical simulation based on FVCOM in Quanzhou Bay[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2013,35(1):15-24
15刘浩,尹宝树.泉州湾潮汐、潮流及浅滩干湿变化的数值研究[J].水动力学研究与进展(A辑),2006,21(6):693-699Liu Hao,Yin Baoshu.Numerical study on tides,currents and shoals wetting and drying in Quanzhou Bay[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics(Ser.A),2006,21(6):693-699
2徐贵泉,褚君达.上海市引清调水改善水环境探讨[J].水资源保护,2001(3):26-30Xu Guiquan,Zhu Junda.Discussion on improving water environment by introducing clear water and regulating water in Shanghai[J].Water Resources Protection,2001(3):26-30
3李丽娟,梁丽乔,刘昌明,等.近20年我国饮用水污染事故分析及防治对策[J].地理学报,2007,62(9):917-924Li Lijuan,Liang Liqiao,Liu Changming,et al.Analysis and strategy of drinking water pollution accidents in recent 20 years in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2007,62(9):917-924
4杨海东,肖宜,王卓民,等.突发性水污染事件溯源方法[J].水科学进展,2014,25(1):122-129Yang Haidong,Xiao Yi,Wang Zhuomin,et al.On source identification method for sudden water pollution accidents[J].Advances in Water Science,2014,25(1):122-129
5闵涛,周孝德.一维非恒定紊动扩散初始条件反问题的一种数值求解方法[J].西安理工大学学报,2001,17(2):143-146Min Tao,Zhou Xiaode.A numerical solution to initial condition inverse problem of one-dimensional unstable turbulent diffusion[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Technology,2001,17(2):143-146
6 Wei H,Chen W,Sun H G,et al.A coupled method for inverse source problem of spatial fractional anomalous diffusion equations[J].Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering,2010,18(7):945-956
7牟行洋.基于微分进化算法的污染物源项识别反问题研究[J].水动力学研究与进展(A辑),2011,26(1):24-30Mou Xingyang.Research on inverse problem of pollution source term identification based on differential evolution algorithm[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics(Ser.A),2011,26(1):24-30
8李子,毛献忠,周康.污染物非恒定输运逆过程反演模型研究[J].水力发电学报,2013,32(6):115-121Li Zi,Mao Xianzhong,Zhou Kang.Inversion model for the inverse process of unsteady pollutant transport[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2013,32(6):115-121
9荆立,吕紫君,汪玉平,等.无网格法的一维水质回溯、预测模拟研究[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(17):132-138Jing Li,LüZijun,Wang Yuping,et al.Simulation research on backtracking and forecasting one dimensional water quality based on the meshless method[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(17):132-138
10杨录峰.污染物对流扩散方程的预测校正紧差分格式[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(13):3686-3690Yang Lufeng.A predictor corrector compact finite difference scheme for the nonlinear convection diffusion of pollutant[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(13):3686-3690
11 Kong J,Xin P,Shen C,et al.A high-resolution method for the depth-integrated solute transport equation based on an unstructured mesh[J].Environmental Modelling&Software,2013,40(1):109-127
12王家彪,雷晓辉,廖卫红,等.基于耦合概率密度方法的河渠突发水污染溯源[J].水利学报,2015,46(11):1280-1289Wang Jiabiao,Lei Xiaohui,Liao Weihong,et al.Source identification for river sudden water contamination based on coupled probability density function method[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2015,46(11):1280-1289
13郑斌鑫,温生辉,李九发,等.夏秋季泉州湾中部海域潮流和余流的变化特征[J].应用海洋学学报,2015,34(2):168-176Zheng Binxin,Wen Shenghui,Li Jiufa,et al.Characters of tidaIand residuaI current variations in centraI Quanzhou Bay in summer and autumn[J].Journal of Applied Oceanography,2015,34(2):168-176
14林作梁,朱学明,鲍献文,等.基于FVCOM的泉州湾海域三维潮汐与潮流数值模拟[J].海洋学报,2013,35(1):15-24Lin Zuoliang,Zhu Xueming,Bao Xianwen,et al.Three-dimensional tide and tidal current numerical simulation based on FVCOM in Quanzhou Bay[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2013,35(1):15-24
15刘浩,尹宝树.泉州湾潮汐、潮流及浅滩干湿变化的数值研究[J].水动力学研究与进展(A辑),2006,21(6):693-699Liu Hao,Yin Baoshu.Numerical study on tides,currents and shoals wetting and drying in Quanzhou Bay[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics(Ser.A),2006,21(6):693-699