随钻一体化测井仪平台开发
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摘要
为了满足多深度探测评价钻井液侵入和识别地层岩性的需要,开发了具有电阻率、伽马等多参数测量功能的随钻一体化测井仪平台。基于相移电阻率、衰减电阻率、总量伽马和成像伽马等测量方法,采用六发两收的八线圈系设计方案,挂接了伽马探管、加速度计和磁通门等传感器,同时采用了由发射电路、接收电路和控制电路组成的模块化电路设计方案,并定义了总线通讯协议,建立起了各功能模块之间的信息传递。开发了测井仪平台的固件程序,不仅能够测量相移电阻率和衰减电阻率数据,还能够测量伽马数据和地层方位信息;开发了平台测试软件,能够对仪器进行标定测试及下井前的启动设置,实现仪器控制指令的下发,测量数据的上传,并对电阻率、伽马、井斜角和工具面等数据进行监测和图形化处理。研制的随钻一体化测井仪平台可以为大斜度井和水平井钻井提供丰富的、高质量的测井数据,为地层评价提供所需要的数据,从而为非常规油气储层开发提供技术支持。
The goals were to detect characteristics of of multi-depth formations and evaluate mud intrusion as well as identify the formation lithology. To that end, researchers developed an integrated logging instrument platform while drilling capable of multi-parameter measurement such as resistivity and Gamma. According to the measurement methods like phase shift resistivity, attenuation resistivity, total Gamma and imaging Gamma, an eight-coil design(six senders and two receivers) was adopted, and the sensors such as Gamma probes, accelerometers, and fluxgates were attached. Meanwhile, the modular circuit design scheme consisting of transmitting circuit, receiving circuit and control circuit was applied. Researchers then defined the bus communication protocol to establish the information transmission among various functional modules. The firmware program for the logging instrument platform has been developed,which can not only measures the phase shift resistivity and attenuation resistivity data, but also measure the Gamma data and formation azimuth information. The test software for the platform has been developed to calibrate the instrument and enable the startup setting prior to running in hole, realize the issuing of control commands and upload the measurement data, and monitor and graphically process data such as resistivity, Gamma, inclination angle, and tool face. This integrated logging instrument platform could provide abundant high-quality logging data for high-angle well and horizontal well drilling, and acquire necessary data for formation evaluation, so as to provide technical support and best practices for the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.
The goals were to detect characteristics of of multi-depth formations and evaluate mud intrusion as well as identify the formation lithology. To that end, researchers developed an integrated logging instrument platform while drilling capable of multi-parameter measurement such as resistivity and Gamma. According to the measurement methods like phase shift resistivity, attenuation resistivity, total Gamma and imaging Gamma, an eight-coil design(six senders and two receivers) was adopted, and the sensors such as Gamma probes, accelerometers, and fluxgates were attached. Meanwhile, the modular circuit design scheme consisting of transmitting circuit, receiving circuit and control circuit was applied. Researchers then defined the bus communication protocol to establish the information transmission among various functional modules. The firmware program for the logging instrument platform has been developed,which can not only measures the phase shift resistivity and attenuation resistivity data, but also measure the Gamma data and formation azimuth information. The test software for the platform has been developed to calibrate the instrument and enable the startup setting prior to running in hole, realize the issuing of control commands and upload the measurement data, and monitor and graphically process data such as resistivity, Gamma, inclination angle, and tool face. This integrated logging instrument platform could provide abundant high-quality logging data for high-angle well and horizontal well drilling, and acquire necessary data for formation evaluation, so as to provide technical support and best practices for the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.
引文
[1]秦绪英,肖立志,索佰峰.随钻测井技术最新进展及其应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(4):313-322.QIN Xuying,XIAO Lizhi,SUO Baifeng.The development of logging while drilling and its application[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2003,26(4):313-322.
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[4]李洪强,丁景丽,林楠,等.随钻伽马测量数据处理方法的研究及应用[J].石油钻探技术,2008,36(4):12-14.LI Hongqiang,DING Jingli,LIN Nan,et al.Research and application of data processing in gamma ray logging while drilling[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2008,36(4):12-14.
[5]骆庆锋,李安宗,陈鹏,等.一种随钻伽马成像数据处理方法:CN201510927599.8[P].2015-12-14.LUO Qingfeng,LI Anzong,CHEN Peng,et al.A data processing method of gamma imaging while drilling:CN201510927599.8[P].2015-12-14.
[6]吴文圣,李梦婷.随钻伽马成像测井方位分辨率计算方法及装置与流程:CN201810292102.3[P].2018-04-03.WU Wensheng,LI Mengting.Azimuth resolution calculation method and device for gamma imaging logging while drilling:CN201810292102.3[P].2018-04-03.
[7]XU Libai.Method for correcting natural gamma ray logging measurements:US15248962[P].2016-08-26.
[8]史晓锋,李铮,蔡志权.随钻电磁波传播电阻率测量工具探测深度研究[J].测井技术,2002,26(2):113-117.SHI Xiaofeng,LI Zheng,CAI Zhiquan.Inversion depth of MWDpropagation resistivity logging[J].Well Logging Technology,2002,26(2):113-117.
[9]黄忠富,黄瑞光,陈鹏.随钻电阻率测井仪器的实现[J].测井技术,2002,26(2):172-175.HUANG Zhongfu,HUANG Ruiguang,CHEN Peng.Development of MWD resistivity logging tool[J].Well Logging Technology,2002,26(2):172-175.
[10]杨震,肖红兵,李翠.随钻方位电磁波仪器测量精度对电阻率及界面预测影响分析[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(4):115-120.YANG Zhen,XIAO Hongbing,LI Cui.Impacts of accuracy of azimuthal electromagnetic logging-while-drilling on resistivity and interface prediction[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017,45(4):115-120.
[11]刘乃震,王忠,刘策.随钻电磁波传播方位电阻率仪地质导向关键技术[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(5):1767-1775.LIU Naizhen,WANG Zhong,LIU Ce.Theories and key techniques of directional electromagnetic propagation resistivity tool for geosteering applications while drilling[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(5):1767-1775.
[12]倪卫宁,张晓彬,万勇,等.随钻方位电磁波电阻率测井仪分段组合线圈系设计[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(2):115-120.NI Weining,ZHANG Xiaobin,WAN Yong,et al.The design of the coil system in LWD tools based on azimuthal electromagnetic-wave resistivity combined with sections[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017,45(2):115-120.
[13]王磊,范宜仁,邢涛,等.基于随钻电磁波测井资料的地层各向异性电阻率提取方法:CN201711336574.6[P].2017-12-14.WANG Lei,FAN Yiren,XING Tao,et al.Extraction of formation anisotropic resistivity based on electromagnetic logging while drilling data:CN201711336574.6[P].2017-12-14.
[14]杨锦舟,肖红兵,杨全进,等.一种随钻电阻率近钻头测量装置:CN201310003353.2[P].2013-01-06.YANG Jinzhou,XIAO Hongbing,YANG Quanjin,et al.A near bit measuring device for resistivity while drilling:CN201310003353.2[P].2013-01-06.
[15]WANG Tsili.Apparatus and method for microresistivity imaging in which transmitter coil and receiver coil axes are substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tool body:US13819122[P].2011-08-26.
[2]张辛耘,王敬农,郭彦军.随钻测井技术进展和发展趋势[J].测井技术,2006,30(1):10-15.ZHANG Xinyun,WANG Jingnong,GUO Yanjun.Advances and trends in logging while drilling technology[J].Well Logging Technology,2006,30(1):10-15.
[3]赵平,郭永旭,张秋海.随钻测井技术新进展[J].国外测井技术,2013,34(2):7-17.ZHAO Ping,GUO Yongxu,ZHANG Qiuhai.Recent advances in logging while drilling[J].World Well Logging Technology,2013,34(2):7-17.
[4]李洪强,丁景丽,林楠,等.随钻伽马测量数据处理方法的研究及应用[J].石油钻探技术,2008,36(4):12-14.LI Hongqiang,DING Jingli,LIN Nan,et al.Research and application of data processing in gamma ray logging while drilling[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2008,36(4):12-14.
[5]骆庆锋,李安宗,陈鹏,等.一种随钻伽马成像数据处理方法:CN201510927599.8[P].2015-12-14.LUO Qingfeng,LI Anzong,CHEN Peng,et al.A data processing method of gamma imaging while drilling:CN201510927599.8[P].2015-12-14.
[6]吴文圣,李梦婷.随钻伽马成像测井方位分辨率计算方法及装置与流程:CN201810292102.3[P].2018-04-03.WU Wensheng,LI Mengting.Azimuth resolution calculation method and device for gamma imaging logging while drilling:CN201810292102.3[P].2018-04-03.
[7]XU Libai.Method for correcting natural gamma ray logging measurements:US15248962[P].2016-08-26.
[8]史晓锋,李铮,蔡志权.随钻电磁波传播电阻率测量工具探测深度研究[J].测井技术,2002,26(2):113-117.SHI Xiaofeng,LI Zheng,CAI Zhiquan.Inversion depth of MWDpropagation resistivity logging[J].Well Logging Technology,2002,26(2):113-117.
[9]黄忠富,黄瑞光,陈鹏.随钻电阻率测井仪器的实现[J].测井技术,2002,26(2):172-175.HUANG Zhongfu,HUANG Ruiguang,CHEN Peng.Development of MWD resistivity logging tool[J].Well Logging Technology,2002,26(2):172-175.
[10]杨震,肖红兵,李翠.随钻方位电磁波仪器测量精度对电阻率及界面预测影响分析[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(4):115-120.YANG Zhen,XIAO Hongbing,LI Cui.Impacts of accuracy of azimuthal electromagnetic logging-while-drilling on resistivity and interface prediction[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017,45(4):115-120.
[11]刘乃震,王忠,刘策.随钻电磁波传播方位电阻率仪地质导向关键技术[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(5):1767-1775.LIU Naizhen,WANG Zhong,LIU Ce.Theories and key techniques of directional electromagnetic propagation resistivity tool for geosteering applications while drilling[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(5):1767-1775.
[12]倪卫宁,张晓彬,万勇,等.随钻方位电磁波电阻率测井仪分段组合线圈系设计[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(2):115-120.NI Weining,ZHANG Xiaobin,WAN Yong,et al.The design of the coil system in LWD tools based on azimuthal electromagnetic-wave resistivity combined with sections[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017,45(2):115-120.
[13]王磊,范宜仁,邢涛,等.基于随钻电磁波测井资料的地层各向异性电阻率提取方法:CN201711336574.6[P].2017-12-14.WANG Lei,FAN Yiren,XING Tao,et al.Extraction of formation anisotropic resistivity based on electromagnetic logging while drilling data:CN201711336574.6[P].2017-12-14.
[14]杨锦舟,肖红兵,杨全进,等.一种随钻电阻率近钻头测量装置:CN201310003353.2[P].2013-01-06.YANG Jinzhou,XIAO Hongbing,YANG Quanjin,et al.A near bit measuring device for resistivity while drilling:CN201310003353.2[P].2013-01-06.
[15]WANG Tsili.Apparatus and method for microresistivity imaging in which transmitter coil and receiver coil axes are substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tool body:US13819122[P].2011-08-26.