现代水平轴三叶片风力发电机转速控制的优化
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摘要
提供一种选择适合项目风况下的风力机,并找到风力机运行在最佳性能的方法,通过此方法提高风能的利用效率,实现风电厂投资收益最大化。通过研究风力机发电机转速、风速、最佳叶尖速比和发电机功率之间的关系,使用实际运行数据推算在运风机最佳叶尖速比,找到使风力机运行在该最佳叶尖速比的发电机转速-功率控制曲线。使用该曲线对风力机的发电机转速控制器进行优化,从而使风力机在更宽的发电机转速范围内,运行在最佳叶尖速比下,获取最大风能。使用该方法,结合真实风力发电厂案例,通过对在运机组的运行数据的分析,优化其发电机转速控制策略,最终达到了提升风力机发电量的目的,验证了该方法的可行性。该方法也可作为对风力机选型评估的参考。
A wind turbine suitable for project wind condition is provided, and a method to find the best performance of wind turbine is found out. Using this method, the utilization efficiency of wind energy can be increased, and the investment profit of wind power plant can be maximized. By studying the relationship between the wind turbine generator speed, wind speed, optimal tip speed and generator power, this paper uses the actual data to calculate optimal tip speed ratio of running fan, and find the generator speed-power control curve which makes the wind turbine run on the optimal tip speed ratio. This curve is used to optimize the speed controller of the wind turbine generator, so that the maximum wind energy can be obtained in a wider generator speed range at the optimal tip speed ratio. By using this method, combined with the real wind power plant case, and by optimizing the generator speed control strategy by analyzing the running data of the operation unit, it finally achieves the purpose of improving the power generation capacity of the wind turbine, and verifies the feasibility of the method. This method can also be used as a reference for the assessment of type selection of wind turbines.
A wind turbine suitable for project wind condition is provided, and a method to find the best performance of wind turbine is found out. Using this method, the utilization efficiency of wind energy can be increased, and the investment profit of wind power plant can be maximized. By studying the relationship between the wind turbine generator speed, wind speed, optimal tip speed and generator power, this paper uses the actual data to calculate optimal tip speed ratio of running fan, and find the generator speed-power control curve which makes the wind turbine run on the optimal tip speed ratio. This curve is used to optimize the speed controller of the wind turbine generator, so that the maximum wind energy can be obtained in a wider generator speed range at the optimal tip speed ratio. By using this method, combined with the real wind power plant case, and by optimizing the generator speed control strategy by analyzing the running data of the operation unit, it finally achieves the purpose of improving the power generation capacity of the wind turbine, and verifies the feasibility of the method. This method can also be used as a reference for the assessment of type selection of wind turbines.
引文
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[19]徐立中,易永辉,朱承治,等.考虑风电随机性的微网多时间尺度能量优化调度[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(23):1-8.XU Lizhong,YI Yonghui,ZHU Chengzhi,et al.Multi-time scale optimal energy dispatch of microgrid considering stochastic wind power[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(23):1-8.
[20]赵晓星,王云亮.风光互补发电系统的能量管理[J].电源技术,2014,38(9):1647-1650.ZHAO Xiaoxing,WANG Yunliang.Energy management of wind-light complementary power system[J].Chinese Journal of Power Sources,2014,38(9):1647-1650.
[2]杨睿茜,陈红坤,陶玉波,等.双馈式风力机控制器参数整定的实用方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(2):63-69.YANG Ruixi,CHEN Hongkun,TAO Yubo,et al.A practical method on doubly-fed induction generator controller parameter determination[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(2):63-69.
[3]程辉,杨克立,王克军,等.PMSG风力发电系统转速估计算法的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(5):24-29.CHENG Hui,YANG Keli,WANG Kejun,et al.Study on a rotor speed estimation algorithm of PMSG wind power system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(5):24-29.
[4]赵祖熠,刘李勃,解大,等.基于阻尼器的双馈风力发电系统扭振抑制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(3):8-14.ZHAO Zuyi,LIU Libo,XIE Da,et al.A novel torsional vibration damping method for a DFIG-based system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(3):8-14.
[5]李岚,王颖.双馈风力发电系统PI自适应速度估计[J].微特电机,2007,35(3):8-10.LI Lan,WANG Ying.PI adaptive speed estimate of doubly-fed wind generator system[J].Small&Special Electrical Machines,2007,35(3):8-10.
[6]王君瑞.双馈风力发电机的无速度传感器控制[J].大电机技术,2012(4):9-12.WANG Junrui.Speed sensor less control of the doubly-fed wind power generator[J].Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine,2012(4):9-12.
[7]周腊吾,邓宁峰,陈浩,等.基于ACA-PID算法的风力机独立变桨控制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(15):99-105.ZHOU Lawu,DENG Ningfeng,CHEN Hao,et al.Individual pitch control strategy based on ACA-PID controller in wind turbine[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(15):99-105.
[8]王奇,张晗,邓军,等.基于状态评价的风力发电设备故障诊断系统的研制[J].电网与清洁能源,2014,30(11):103-108.WANG Qi,ZHANG Han,DENG Jun,et al.Research on fault diagnosis system for wind power equipment based on condition evaluation[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2014,30(11):103-108.
[9]季凌燕,沈艳霞,吴定会.基于灰色动态预测的风力发电系统容错控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(7):37-43.JI Lingyan,SHEN Yanxia,WU Dinghui.Research of fault-tolerant strategy for wind energy conversion system based on grey prediction model[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(7):37-43.
[10]孔祥平,张哲,尹项根,等.计及撬棒保护影响的双馈风力发电机组故障电流特性研究[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(8):1-10.KONG Xiangping,ZHANG Zhe,YIN Xianggen,et al.Study of fault current characteristics of DFIG considering impact of crowbar protection[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(8):1-10.
[11]撖奥洋,张哲,尹项根,等.双馈风力发电系统故障特性及保护方案构建[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(4):233-239.HAN Aoyang,ZHANG Zhe,YIN Xianggen,et al.Research on fault characteristic and grid connecting-point protection scheme for wind power generation with doubly-fed induction generator[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(4):233-239.
[12]王新生,吴吟箫,何川.基于风速预测的最大风能追踪控制系统仿真[J].电机与控制学报,2010,14(2):20-24.WANG Xinsheng,WU Yinxiao,HE Chuan.Simulation of wind speed estimation for MPPT control[J].Electric Machines and Control,2010,14(2):20-24.
[13]韩兵,周腊吾,陈浩,等.大型风力机的独立变桨控制方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(2):1-8.HAN Bing,ZHOU Lawu,CHEN Hao,et al.Methods of individual pitch control for large wind turbine[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(2):1-8.
[14]赵冬梅,许瑞庆,郑立鑫.全风况下双馈风力机参与调频的协调控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(12):53-59.ZHAO Dongmei,XU Ruiqing,ZHENG Lixin.Research on coordinated control strategy for DFIGs participating in system frequency regulation with different wind[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(12):53-59.
[15]何玉林,刘军,杜静,等.大型风力发电机组变桨距控制技术研究[J].计算机仿真,2010,27(7):244-247,252.HE Yulin,LIU Jun,DU Jing,et al.Study on adjustable pitch control technology of large scale wind turbine[J].Computer Simulation,2010,27(7):244-247,252.
[16]曹娜,黄坤,于群,等.基于动态励磁电流的双馈风力机组控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(6):29-34.CAO Na,HUANG Kun,YU Qun,et al.A control strategy of doubly-fed induction generator based on dynamic process of excitation current[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(6):29-34.
[17]侯学勇,邱巍,鞠平,等.江苏电网低频减载优化研究[J].江苏电机工程,2008,27(4):8-11.HOU Xueyong,QIU Wei,JU Ping,et al.Study of the optimization of under-frequency load shedding in Jiangsu Power Grid[J].Jiangsu Electrical Engineering,2008,27(4):8-11.
[18]朱兰,严正,杨秀,等.风光储微网系统蓄电池容量优化配置方法研究[J].电网技术,2012,36(12):26-31.ZHU Lan,YAN Zheng,YANG Xiu,et al.Optimal configuration of battery capacity in microgrid composed of wind power and photovoltaic generation with energy storage[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(12):26-31.
[19]徐立中,易永辉,朱承治,等.考虑风电随机性的微网多时间尺度能量优化调度[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(23):1-8.XU Lizhong,YI Yonghui,ZHU Chengzhi,et al.Multi-time scale optimal energy dispatch of microgrid considering stochastic wind power[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(23):1-8.
[20]赵晓星,王云亮.风光互补发电系统的能量管理[J].电源技术,2014,38(9):1647-1650.ZHAO Xiaoxing,WANG Yunliang.Energy management of wind-light complementary power system[J].Chinese Journal of Power Sources,2014,38(9):1647-1650.