砂-泥互层垂向分段断裂特征及解释方法
|
摘要
野外露头、国内外文献研究证实断层垂向分段生长具有普遍性.由于岩石存在能干性差异,断层在脆性层成核,而非脆性层或砂泥互层导致断层垂向分段扩展生长,两个断层之间形成叠覆区域,以此来适应随着砂泥岩地层的应变与位移.国内对于砂泥地层中断层结构样式、演化过程的研究偏重于理论研究阶段,本文旨在断层垂向分段模式指导下,讨论砂泥岩地层受力变形中断裂垂向分段地震识别方法,确定单一条断裂在不同位置处的空间组合形态.为了说明此问题,选取大庆油田某密井网高分辨率地震资料区,结合岩石力学层划分、断距-埋深曲线、断点空间归位等方法实现井震结合断面形态的准确刻画.
It is proved that fault possesses a typical characteristic of vertical segmentation growth by field outcrop,physical modeling,domestic and foreign literature.Because there is competent difference,fault core is formed in the brittle formation, whose form is different from the plastic formation and the sandstone-mudstone interbed. The superimposition zone is related to segmentation growth and interaction of the two faults, which is used to accommodate the strain and displacement of the formation. While in the domestic field,the fault structure patterns and evolution process of fault growth overemphasizes theoretical research. This paper discusses the seismic identification methods of the vertical segment fault,achieves the space structure pattern of single fault in the sandstone-mudstone interbed. To illustrate this phenomenon,the precise fault section pattern is given by comprehensive analysis of rock mechanical layer, displacement-depth curve and space breakpoint homing,which target area is selected in the X dense well block of daqing oilfield that has high resolution seismic data.
It is proved that fault possesses a typical characteristic of vertical segmentation growth by field outcrop,physical modeling,domestic and foreign literature.Because there is competent difference,fault core is formed in the brittle formation, whose form is different from the plastic formation and the sandstone-mudstone interbed. The superimposition zone is related to segmentation growth and interaction of the two faults, which is used to accommodate the strain and displacement of the formation. While in the domestic field,the fault structure patterns and evolution process of fault growth overemphasizes theoretical research. This paper discusses the seismic identification methods of the vertical segment fault,achieves the space structure pattern of single fault in the sandstone-mudstone interbed. To illustrate this phenomenon,the precise fault section pattern is given by comprehensive analysis of rock mechanical layer, displacement-depth curve and space breakpoint homing,which target area is selected in the X dense well block of daqing oilfield that has high resolution seismic data.
引文
Cowie P A,Scholz C H.1992.Growth of faults by accumulation of seismic slip [J].Journal of Geophysical Research,97(b7):11085-11095.
Erling Rykkelid,Haakon Fossen.2002.Layer rotation around vertical fault overlap zones:observations from seismic data,field examples,and physical experiments [J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,19(2):181-192.
Fossen H,Schultz R A,Shipton Z K,et al.2007.Deformation Bands in Sandstone:A Review [J].Journal of the Geological Society (London),164(4):755-769.
FU Xiaofei,XIAO Jianhua,MENG Lingdong.2014.Fault deformation mechanisms and internal structure characteristics of fault zone in pure sandstone [J].Journal of JilinUniversity (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),44(1):25-37.
HAN Liang,ZHOU Yong-sheng,LI Hai-bing.2015.The distribution of the trace water in granites at the brittle-plastic transition zone of the Longmen Shan fault and its role on the seismic energy accumulation [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese)30(6):2463-2473,doi:10.6038/pg20150604.
Kolyukhin D,Schueller S,Espedal M S,et al.2010.Deformation band populations in fault damage zone-impact on fluid flow [J].Computational Geosciences,14(2):231-248.
LI Xia-ying,LEI Xing-lin,LI Qi,et al.2015.Characteristics of acoustic emission during deformation and failure of typical reservoir rocks under triaxial compression:An example of Sinian dolomite and shale in the Sichuan Basin [J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese).58(3):982-992,doi:10.6038/cjg20150323.
Mair K,Main I,Elphick S.2000.Sequential Growth of Deformation Bands in the Laboratory [J].Journal of Structural Geology,22(1):25- 42.
QIN Xiao-yan,WANG Zhen-liang,YU Hong-yan,et al.2016.Geophysical well logging in brittleness evaluation based on rock mechanics characteristic—a case study from the member 7 shale of Yanchang Formation in southeast Ordos Basin [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),31(2):762-769.
Van Der Zee W,Wibberley C A J,Urai J L.2008.The influence of layering and pre-existing joints on the development of internal structure in normal fault zones:the Lodeve basin,France [J].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,299:57-74.
付晓飞,肖建华,孟令东.2014.断裂在纯净砂岩中的变形机制及断裂带内部结构[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,44(1):25-37.
韩亮,周永胜,李海兵.2015.龙门山断裂带脆塑性转化带内花岗岩的微量水分布特征及其在地震孕育中的作用[J].地球物理学进展,30(6):2463-2473,doi:10.6038/pg20150604.
李霞颖,雷兴林,李琦,等.2015.油气田典型岩石三轴压缩变形破坏与声发射活动特征—四川盆地震旦系白云岩及页岩的破坏过程[J].地球物理学报,58(3):982-992,doi:10.6038/cjg20150323.
秦晓艳,王震亮,于红岩,等.2016.基于岩石力学特征的陆相泥页岩脆性地球物理测井评价—以鄂尔多斯盆地东南部下寺湾地区延长组长7段为例[J].地球物理学进展,31(2):762-769.
Erling Rykkelid,Haakon Fossen.2002.Layer rotation around vertical fault overlap zones:observations from seismic data,field examples,and physical experiments [J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,19(2):181-192.
Fossen H,Schultz R A,Shipton Z K,et al.2007.Deformation Bands in Sandstone:A Review [J].Journal of the Geological Society (London),164(4):755-769.
FU Xiaofei,XIAO Jianhua,MENG Lingdong.2014.Fault deformation mechanisms and internal structure characteristics of fault zone in pure sandstone [J].Journal of JilinUniversity (Earth Science Edition) (in Chinese),44(1):25-37.
HAN Liang,ZHOU Yong-sheng,LI Hai-bing.2015.The distribution of the trace water in granites at the brittle-plastic transition zone of the Longmen Shan fault and its role on the seismic energy accumulation [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese)30(6):2463-2473,doi:10.6038/pg20150604.
Kolyukhin D,Schueller S,Espedal M S,et al.2010.Deformation band populations in fault damage zone-impact on fluid flow [J].Computational Geosciences,14(2):231-248.
LI Xia-ying,LEI Xing-lin,LI Qi,et al.2015.Characteristics of acoustic emission during deformation and failure of typical reservoir rocks under triaxial compression:An example of Sinian dolomite and shale in the Sichuan Basin [J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese).58(3):982-992,doi:10.6038/cjg20150323.
Mair K,Main I,Elphick S.2000.Sequential Growth of Deformation Bands in the Laboratory [J].Journal of Structural Geology,22(1):25- 42.
QIN Xiao-yan,WANG Zhen-liang,YU Hong-yan,et al.2016.Geophysical well logging in brittleness evaluation based on rock mechanics characteristic—a case study from the member 7 shale of Yanchang Formation in southeast Ordos Basin [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),31(2):762-769.
Van Der Zee W,Wibberley C A J,Urai J L.2008.The influence of layering and pre-existing joints on the development of internal structure in normal fault zones:the Lodeve basin,France [J].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,299:57-74.
付晓飞,肖建华,孟令东.2014.断裂在纯净砂岩中的变形机制及断裂带内部结构[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,44(1):25-37.
韩亮,周永胜,李海兵.2015.龙门山断裂带脆塑性转化带内花岗岩的微量水分布特征及其在地震孕育中的作用[J].地球物理学进展,30(6):2463-2473,doi:10.6038/pg20150604.
李霞颖,雷兴林,李琦,等.2015.油气田典型岩石三轴压缩变形破坏与声发射活动特征—四川盆地震旦系白云岩及页岩的破坏过程[J].地球物理学报,58(3):982-992,doi:10.6038/cjg20150323.
秦晓艳,王震亮,于红岩,等.2016.基于岩石力学特征的陆相泥页岩脆性地球物理测井评价—以鄂尔多斯盆地东南部下寺湾地区延长组长7段为例[J].地球物理学进展,31(2):762-769.