渤海渤中2-1油田东营组二段低渗储层特征及物性主控因素
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摘要
基于薄片、激光粒度、扫描电镜、物性、压汞以及全岩等分析化验资料,对渤海渤中凹陷渤中2-1油田东营组二段储层的岩石学特征、孔喉结构及物性特征进行了分析,进而探讨了储层物性的控制作用。研究结果表明,东二段以岩屑长石砂岩和长石砂岩为主,孔隙类型以原生残余孔隙为主,其次为次生孔隙,偶见微裂缝。东二段上、下亚段孔喉结构存在较大差异,其中上亚段为中孔低渗、中—细孔喉结构,储集性能中等、原始产能较高;而下亚段为中孔低—特低渗储层、微细—细孔喉结构,储集性能较差、产能较低。目的层储层物性主要受控于沉积、成岩及超压作用,辫状河三角洲前缘河口坝和分流河道砂岩物性较好;压实作用、碳酸盐胶结的"细粒聚集效应"对储层物性破坏作用明显,是上、下亚段物性差异重要原因;超压作用虽有助于原始孔隙的保存,但加剧了碳酸盐胶结作用,总体上降低了储层物性。本文成果对研究区低渗储层研究及下一步勘探开发部署有指导意义。
Based on the analytical data such as thin section,laser particle size,scanning electron microscopy,physical properties,mercury injection and whole rock analysis,the petrological characteristics,pore throat structure and physical properties of the Second Member of Dongying Formation(E_3d_2)in BZ2-1oilfield of Bozhong sag in the Bohai sea have been analyzed,and the controlling role of reservoir physical properties has been discussed.The results suggest that the main lithofacies of the E_3d_2 are lithic feldspar sandstone and feldspar sandstone,the primary residual pore is the dominant pore type,followed by the secondary pore and occasional micro-cracks.The pore throat structures of the upper and lower sub-members of the E_3d_2 are quite different.Among them,the upper sub-member has medium porosity and low permeability,medium-fine pore throat structure and medium reservoir performance,and the original productivity is high;the lower sub-member is of medium porosity and low-ultra-low permeability reservoir,and microfine pore throat structure,the reservoir performance is poor and the productivity is low.The physical properties of reservoirs in target formation are mainly controlled by sedimentation,diagenesis and overpressure.The physical properties of estuary bar and distributary channel sandstone in front of braided river delta are relatively well;the"fine aggregation effect"of compaction and carbonate cementation has obvious damage to reservoir physical properties,which is the main reason for the difference of physical properties between the upper and lower sub-members.Although the overpressure is conducive to the preservation of original pores,it aggravates carbonate cementation and generally deteriorates reservoir physical properties.The results of this paper will be of great significance for studying the low permeability reservoirs in the study area and the deployment of exploration and development in the future.
Based on the analytical data such as thin section,laser particle size,scanning electron microscopy,physical properties,mercury injection and whole rock analysis,the petrological characteristics,pore throat structure and physical properties of the Second Member of Dongying Formation(E_3d_2)in BZ2-1oilfield of Bozhong sag in the Bohai sea have been analyzed,and the controlling role of reservoir physical properties has been discussed.The results suggest that the main lithofacies of the E_3d_2 are lithic feldspar sandstone and feldspar sandstone,the primary residual pore is the dominant pore type,followed by the secondary pore and occasional micro-cracks.The pore throat structures of the upper and lower sub-members of the E_3d_2 are quite different.Among them,the upper sub-member has medium porosity and low permeability,medium-fine pore throat structure and medium reservoir performance,and the original productivity is high;the lower sub-member is of medium porosity and low-ultra-low permeability reservoir,and microfine pore throat structure,the reservoir performance is poor and the productivity is low.The physical properties of reservoirs in target formation are mainly controlled by sedimentation,diagenesis and overpressure.The physical properties of estuary bar and distributary channel sandstone in front of braided river delta are relatively well;the"fine aggregation effect"of compaction and carbonate cementation has obvious damage to reservoir physical properties,which is the main reason for the difference of physical properties between the upper and lower sub-members.Although the overpressure is conducive to the preservation of original pores,it aggravates carbonate cementation and generally deteriorates reservoir physical properties.The results of this paper will be of great significance for studying the low permeability reservoirs in the study area and the deployment of exploration and development in the future.
引文
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[17]李忠,费卫红,寿建峰,等.华北东濮凹陷异常高压与流体活动及其对储集砂岩成岩作用的制约[J].地质学报,2003,77(1):126-134.LI Zhong,FEI Weihong,SHOU Jianfeng,et al.Overpressure and fluid flow in the Dongpu depression,North China:Their constraints on diagenesis of reservoir sandstones[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2003,77(1):126-134.
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[20]杨田,操应长,王艳忠,等.渤南洼陷沙四下亚段扇三角洲前缘优质储层成因[J].地球科学,2015,40(12):2067-2079.YANG Tian,CAO Yingchang,WANG Yanzhong,et al.Genesis of high-quality reservoirs of fan delta front in lower part of the fourth member of Shahejie Formation in Bonan subsag[J].Earth Science,2015,40(12):2067-2079.
[21] BLOCH S,LANDER R H,BONNELL L.Anomalously high porosity and permeability in deeply buried sandstone reservoirs:Origin and predictability[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(2):301-328.
[22]薛宗安,赵玉宏,吴义平,等.渤海湾盆地歧北斜坡沙河街组储层特征及形成机理[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(2):280-287.XUE Zong’an,ZHAO Yuhong,WU Yiping,et al.Characteristics and forming mechanisms of reservoirs in the Shahejie Formation of Qibei slope,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(2):280-287.
[2]朱筱敏,吴冬,张昕,等.东营凹陷沙河街组近岸水下扇低渗储层成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(5):646-653.ZHU Xiaomin,WU Dong,ZHANG Xin,et al.Genesis of low permeability reservoirs of nearshore subaqueous fan in Shahejie Formation in Dongying Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2014,35(5):646-653.
[3]郝建明,邱隆伟.高南油田东三段低渗储层特征及其控制因素[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(6):6-12.HAO Jianming,QIU Longwei.Low permeability reservoir characteristics of Ed3in the south of Gaoshangpu oilfield and its control factors[J].Journal of China Petroleum University(Edition of Natural Science),2008,32(6):6-12.
[4]魏巍,朱筱敏,谈明轩,等.查干凹陷下白垩统扇三角洲相储层特征及物性影响因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(3):447-455.WEI Wei,ZHU Xiaomin,TAN Mingxuan,et al.Reservoir characteristics and influences on poroperm characteristics of the Lower Cretaceous fan-delta facies in Chagan Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(3):447-455.
[5]周磊,操应长,葸克来,等.廊固凹陷河西务构造带沙四段低渗储层特征及其成因机制[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,37(3):8-16.ZHOU Lei,CAO Yingchang,XI Kelai,et al.Characteristics and genetic mechanism of low-permeability reservoirs of the4th Member of Shahejie Formation in Hexiwu structural zone of Langgu sag[J].Journal of China Petroleum University(Edition of Natural Science),2013,37(3):8-16.
[6]王启明,王德英,于海波,等.渤中凹陷西斜坡东营组储层特征及其控制因素[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2013,33(1):62-67.WANG Qiming,WANG Deying,YU Haibo,et al.Characteristics and controls of the reservoir sandstones from the Dongying Formation on the western slope of the Bozhong depression[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2013,33(1):62-67.
[7]朱红涛,杨香华,周心怀,等.基于层序地层学和地震沉积学的高精度三维沉积体系:以渤中凹陷西斜坡BZ3-1区块东营组为例[J].地球科学,2011,36(6):1073-1084.ZHU Hongtao,YANG Xianghua,ZHOU Xinhuai,et al.High resolution three-dimensional facies architecture delineation using sequence stratigraphy,seismic sedimentology:Example from Dongying Formation in BZ3-1 block of western slope ofBozhong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Earth Science,2011,36(6):1073-1084.
[8]代黎明,徐长贵,王清斌,等.石臼坨凸起西部陡坡带古物源差异演化模式及其对储层的控制作用[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(4):51-59.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.04.006.DAI Liming,XU Changgui,WANG Qingbin,et al.Difference of provenance evolution mode and its impact on reservoir in the western steep slope zone of Shijiutuo uplift,Bohai sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(4):51-59.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.04.006.
[9]杜晓峰,加东辉,王启明,等.盆内局部物源体系及其油气勘探意义:以渤海海域古近系为例[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(4):19-27.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.04.003.DU Xiaofeng,JIA Donghui,WANG Qiming,et al.Local provenance system and its oil and gas exploration significance:a case study of the Paleogene in Bohai sea area[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(4):19-27.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.04.003.
[10]朱伟林,米立军,龚再生,等.渤海海域油气成藏与勘探[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:177-226.
[11]徐长贵.渤海古近系坡折带成因类型及其对沉积体系的控制作用[J].中国海上油气,2006,18(6):365-371.XU Changgui.Genetic types of Paleogene slope-break zones and their controls on depositional system in Bohai offshore[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2006,18(6):365-371.
[12]徐长贵,姜培海,武法东,等.渤中坳陷上第三系三角洲的发现、沉积特征及其油气勘探意义[J].沉积学报,2002,20(4):588-594.XU Changgui,JIANG Peihai,WU Fadong,et al.Discovery and sedimentary characteristics of the Neogene delta in Bozhong Depression and its significance for oil and gas exploration[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2002,20(4):588-594.
[13] TOBIN R C,MCCLAIN T,LIEBER R B,et al.Reservoir quality modeling of tight-gas sands in Wamsutter field:Integration of diagenesis,petroleum systems,and production data[J].AAPG Bulletin,2010,94(8):1229-1266.
[14]朱筱敏,米立军,钟大康,等.济阳坳陷古近系成岩作用及其对储层质量的影响[J].古地理学报,2006,8(3):296-305.ZHU Xiaomin,MI Liju,ZHONG Dakang,et al.Paleogene diagenesis and its control on reservoir quality in Jiyang Depression[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2006,8(3):296-305.
[15] WORDEN R H,BURLEY S D.Sandstone diagenesis:The evolution of sand to stone[C]∥BURLEY S D,WORDEN R H.Sandstone diagenesis:Recent and ancient.Reprint Series Volume 4of the International Association of Sedimentologist.Oxford:Blackwell Science,2003:3-44.
[16]杨申谷,胡治华,李景义.异常高压对库车拗陷中生界储层成岩作用及孔隙演化的影响[J].大庆石油学院学报,2008,32(1):26-30.YANG Shengu,HU Zhihua,LI Jingyi.Effect of abnormal high pressure on diagenesis and pore evolution of Mesozoic reservoirs in Kuqa depression[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2008,32(1):26-30.
[17]李忠,费卫红,寿建峰,等.华北东濮凹陷异常高压与流体活动及其对储集砂岩成岩作用的制约[J].地质学报,2003,77(1):126-134.LI Zhong,FEI Weihong,SHOU Jianfeng,et al.Overpressure and fluid flow in the Dongpu depression,North China:Their constraints on diagenesis of reservoir sandstones[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2003,77(1):126-134.
[18]杨智,邹才能,何生,等.准格尔盆地腹部超压顶面附近碳酸盐胶结带的成因机理[J].中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(4):439-451
[19]常海亮,郑荣才,王强.阿姆河盆地中-下侏罗统砂岩储层特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(6):985-993.CHANG Hailiang,ZHENG Rongcai,WANG Qiang.Characteristics of Lower-Middle Jurassic sandstone reservoirs in Amu Darya Basin,Turkmenistan[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(6):985-993.
[20]杨田,操应长,王艳忠,等.渤南洼陷沙四下亚段扇三角洲前缘优质储层成因[J].地球科学,2015,40(12):2067-2079.YANG Tian,CAO Yingchang,WANG Yanzhong,et al.Genesis of high-quality reservoirs of fan delta front in lower part of the fourth member of Shahejie Formation in Bonan subsag[J].Earth Science,2015,40(12):2067-2079.
[21] BLOCH S,LANDER R H,BONNELL L.Anomalously high porosity and permeability in deeply buried sandstone reservoirs:Origin and predictability[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(2):301-328.
[22]薛宗安,赵玉宏,吴义平,等.渤海湾盆地歧北斜坡沙河街组储层特征及形成机理[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(2):280-287.XUE Zong’an,ZHAO Yuhong,WU Yiping,et al.Characteristics and forming mechanisms of reservoirs in the Shahejie Formation of Qibei slope,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2015,36(2):280-287.