沙尘天气对大气生物气溶胶中微生物浓度、特性和分布的影响
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摘要
生物气溶胶对全球气候、空气质量、大气过程和人体健康均具有重要影响。每年爆发的沙尘事件,使得生物气溶胶可借助沙尘进行长距离输运,从而影响到下风向地区生物气溶胶的浓度和性质。综述了沙尘天气下生物气溶胶中微生物的浓度、特性和分布特征的研究现状。已有研究显示,沙尘发生时,生物气溶胶中不同类别微生物的组成比例会有显著变化,细菌和真菌相对贡献随之改变。可培养细菌、真菌和总微生物浓度,均在沙尘天气下显著增加,但不同地区不同种类微生物在沙尘天气下的增加幅度相差很大。生物气溶胶中微生物主要分布于粗粒子中,其粒径分布受到沙尘天气的较大影响,而且不同种类微生物粒径分布的变化并不相同。沙尘发生时,生物气溶胶中的微生物群落结构与优势微生物也会发生明显改变。沙尘天气对生物气溶胶浓度、粒径分布、群落结构和活性的影响程度和影响机制,还需要进一步深入研究。
Atmospheric bioaerosols have great impact on the global climate,air quality,atmospheric process and human health. The dust events have a role in transporting bioaerosols and affecteing the concentration and property of bioaerosols in the downwind area by facilitating long-distance dispersal events every year. This paper reviewed the study progress on the concentration,characteristics and distribution of bioaerosols in dust weather. The references showed that the ratio of different kind of bioaerosols changed in dust weather with the changing of contribution of bacteria and fungi. The concentration of cultural bacteria,fungi and the total microbes increased on dust days. However,the increase ratio was different for different microbes in different areas. Microbes in bioaerosols mainly distributed in coarse particles; the size distribution of bioaerosols was affected greatly by dust events with different variation for different kinds of bioaerosols. The microbial community and predominant species of microorganism in bioaerosols changed in dust weather. The impact and mechanism of dust on the concentration,size distribution,microbial community and activity of bioaerosols need to be studied further.
Atmospheric bioaerosols have great impact on the global climate,air quality,atmospheric process and human health. The dust events have a role in transporting bioaerosols and affecteing the concentration and property of bioaerosols in the downwind area by facilitating long-distance dispersal events every year. This paper reviewed the study progress on the concentration,characteristics and distribution of bioaerosols in dust weather. The references showed that the ratio of different kind of bioaerosols changed in dust weather with the changing of contribution of bacteria and fungi. The concentration of cultural bacteria,fungi and the total microbes increased on dust days. However,the increase ratio was different for different microbes in different areas. Microbes in bioaerosols mainly distributed in coarse particles; the size distribution of bioaerosols was affected greatly by dust events with different variation for different kinds of bioaerosols. The microbial community and predominant species of microorganism in bioaerosols changed in dust weather. The impact and mechanism of dust on the concentration,size distribution,microbial community and activity of bioaerosols need to be studied further.
引文
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