露天矿生产规模优化的经济动态评估方法——以白云鄂博东介勒格勒铁矿为例
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摘要
为实现经济动态评估、采剥总量均衡的露天矿生产规模优化,将露天境界优化与生产规模相结合,建立矿床地质数据库、矿床三维地质实体模型和块段品位模型,综合考虑矿床品位分布不均、资金时间及矿石价格的可变性等因素对境界优化和生产规模的影响,借助境界动态优化分析软件Whittle的Milawa算法,快速生成高质量批量的露天境界,并计算出不同境界方案下的矿山动态经济指标,选择出最优境界,模拟矿山经济运营情况,从技术经济角度优化出矿山生产规模和采剥顺序;在项目依托矿山包钢白云鄂博东介勒格勒铁矿的应用结果表明:该矿山最优生产规模为130万t/a,但在当前的市场环境下,投资收益率为7.58%,矿山开采经济风险很大。为矿山企业的决策提供了科学依据。
To perform the production scale optimization for open pit mine based on economic dynamic assessment and total balance of overall output of ore and waste,the optimization of opencast boundary is combined with the production scale to build the geological database,3 D geological entity model and block grade model of the deposit. Factors such as uneven distribution of ore grade,time of capital arriving and variability of ore prices impacting on the pit boundary optimization and the production scale are comprehensively considered. With the aid of Milawa algorithm of Whittle,that is the dynamic optimization analysis software,the open-pit boundary with high quality and quantity is quickly generated,and the dynamic economic indexes of mines under different boundary are calculated,with the optimal boundary determined. Through simulating the economic operation of mines,the production scale and the mining and stripping sequence of mines are optimized from the technical and economic views. Relying on the application in the Dongjielegele Iron Mine of Baotou Baiyun Obo,the project indicates that the optimal production scale of the mine is 1.3 million t/a. However,under the current market environment,the investment return rate is 7.6%,with high economic risk of mining. It provides a scientific basis for decision-making of mining enterprises.
To perform the production scale optimization for open pit mine based on economic dynamic assessment and total balance of overall output of ore and waste,the optimization of opencast boundary is combined with the production scale to build the geological database,3 D geological entity model and block grade model of the deposit. Factors such as uneven distribution of ore grade,time of capital arriving and variability of ore prices impacting on the pit boundary optimization and the production scale are comprehensively considered. With the aid of Milawa algorithm of Whittle,that is the dynamic optimization analysis software,the open-pit boundary with high quality and quantity is quickly generated,and the dynamic economic indexes of mines under different boundary are calculated,with the optimal boundary determined. Through simulating the economic operation of mines,the production scale and the mining and stripping sequence of mines are optimized from the technical and economic views. Relying on the application in the Dongjielegele Iron Mine of Baotou Baiyun Obo,the project indicates that the optimal production scale of the mine is 1.3 million t/a. However,under the current market environment,the investment return rate is 7.6%,with high economic risk of mining. It provides a scientific basis for decision-making of mining enterprises.
引文
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[2]赵晓杰,胡乃联,王卫京,等.大型多金属露天矿生产规模优化[J].中国矿业,2012(08):357-361.Zhao Xiaojie,Hu Nailian,Wang Weijing,et al.Optimization of production scale for large polymetallic open-pit mine[J].China Mining,2012(08):357-361.
[3]黄勇,胡庆雄,赵兴宽.多种因素变化的露天矿境界优化[J].金属矿山,2011(12):35-38.Huang Yong,Hu Qingxiong,Zhao Xingkuan,et al.Open pit optimization with various changeable factors[J].Metal Mine,2011(12):35-38.
[4]张夏林,陈巍,王林,等.基于浮动圆锥法的境界优化及三维可视化露采设计[J].金属矿山,2010(11):34-38.Zhang Xialin,Chen Wei,Wang Lin,et al.Research on the optimization of boundary and the open pit mining design of three-dimensional visualization based on the floating cone method[J].Metal Mine,2010(11):34-38.
[5]代碧波,章林.大型露天矿境界动态优化研究--以西澳Weld Range铁矿为例[J].矿业研究与开发,2018(01):1-5.Dai Bibo,Zhang Lin.Study on the boundary optimization of large open-pit mine:a case of the Weld Range Iron Mine in Western Australia[J].Mining Research and Development,2018(01):1-5.
[6]金艳.Whittle软件境界优化设计的理念与技术方法[J].矿业工程,2012(01):53-57.Jin Yan.Idea and technical method of applying Whittle software to optimize design of mine limi[tJ].Mining Engineering,2012(01):53-57.
[7]杨彪.Whittle在露天矿开采境界优化中的应用[J].有色金属:矿山部分,2013(03):24-28.Yang Biao.Application of Whittle in open pit mining limit optimization[J].Nonferrous Metals:Mining Section,2013(03):24-28.
[8]王杰,汪为平,李家泉.白云鄂博东介勒格勒矿区境界优化[J].金属矿山,2011(3):35-37.Wang Jie,Wang Weiping,Li Jiaquan.Pit limit optimization of the Bayanobo Dongjielegele Deposit area[J].Metal Mine,2011(3):35-37.
[9]李德,曾庆田,吴东旭,等.基于三维可视化技术的露天境界优化研究[J].金属矿山,2008(04):103-108.Li De,Zeng Qingtian,Wu Dongxu,et al.Study on technology of 3Dvisualization based open pit limit optimization[J].Metal Mine,2008(04):103-108.
[10]许利生,代碧波,江鹏飞.露天矿山生产计划三维可视化编制技术[J].金属矿山,2014(01):20-24.Xu Lisheng,Dai Bibo,Jiang Pengfei.3D visualization programming process of production plan scheduling for open pit mine[J].Metal Mine,2014(01):20-24.
[11]张延凯,李克庆,胡乃联,等.露天矿境界优化LG算法初始有向图生成研究[J].煤炭学报,2015(S2):367-373.Zhang Yankai,LI Keqing,Hu Nailian,et al.A study of generating the initial directed graph for LG algorithm of open pit optimization[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015(S2):367-373.
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