铁尾矿—偏高岭土基地聚物配方优化及机理
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摘要
以铁尾矿为主要原料,并添加偏高岭土作为校正材料,以NaOH溶液和水玻璃作为碱激发剂制备地聚物,通过正交试验研究原料配比对地聚物性能的影响。研究结果表明,在原料n(SiO_2):n(Al_2O_3)为3.0、液固比0.35、碱激发剂模数1.2的条件下,所制得试样28 d的抗压强度最大,为59.0 MPa。采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱仪分析(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜分析(SEM)对最佳条件制备的试样微观结构进行表征表明,试样具有地聚物的微观结构特征,主要物相组成为无定形的硅铝酸盐、半结晶的CSH(I)和α-C_2SH,随着龄期的增长,生成了更多凝胶状物质将细颗粒物胶结在一起,导致试样结构密实,抗压强度提高。
Geopolymers were prepared with the iron tailings as main raw materials,metakaolin as the adjusted materials,with NaOH solution and sodium silicate as alkali activator agent,the effects of raw materials ratio on the properties of geopolymers were investigated by orthogonal testThe results show that under the conditions of raw materials with n(SiO_2):n(Al_2O_3) of 3.0,liquid-solid ratio of 0.35,and alkali activator modulus of 1.2,the compressive strength value of geopolymers is the highest at 28 d,which comes up to 59.0 MPa. The microstructure of the samples were characterized by XRD,FTIR and SEM. Microscopic analysis indicate that the samples have the microstructure characteristics of the normal geopolymers,and the main compositions are amorphous aluminosilicate,semi-crystalline CSH(I) and α-C_2SH. As the curing ages are prolonged,more gelatinous substances are generated and bond the fine particles together to form compact internal structure in samples,which improves the compressive strength of geopolymers.
Geopolymers were prepared with the iron tailings as main raw materials,metakaolin as the adjusted materials,with NaOH solution and sodium silicate as alkali activator agent,the effects of raw materials ratio on the properties of geopolymers were investigated by orthogonal testThe results show that under the conditions of raw materials with n(SiO_2):n(Al_2O_3) of 3.0,liquid-solid ratio of 0.35,and alkali activator modulus of 1.2,the compressive strength value of geopolymers is the highest at 28 d,which comes up to 59.0 MPa. The microstructure of the samples were characterized by XRD,FTIR and SEM. Microscopic analysis indicate that the samples have the microstructure characteristics of the normal geopolymers,and the main compositions are amorphous aluminosilicate,semi-crystalline CSH(I) and α-C_2SH. As the curing ages are prolonged,more gelatinous substances are generated and bond the fine particles together to form compact internal structure in samples,which improves the compressive strength of geopolymers.
引文
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[16]王华庆,张树光,李江山.低品位锰尾矿基胶凝材料配方优化[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(12):7230-7233.Wang Huaqing,Zhang Shuguang,Li Jiangshan.Experimental study of formula optimization of cementitious material prepared with low-grade manganese tailings[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(12):7230-7233.
[2]Palomo A,aclas A,Blanco M,et al.Physical chemical and mechanical characterization of geopolymers[J].Ceramics International,1992(8):505-511.
[3]彭佳,颜子博.地质聚合物的研究进展[J].中国非金属矿工业导刊,2014(1):16-19.Peng Jia,Yan Zibo.Recent research progress of geopolymer[J].China Non-metallic Mining Industry,2014(1):16-19.
[4]刘淑贤,聂轶苗,牛福生.尾矿矿渣制备地质聚合物材料工艺条件的研究[J].金属矿山,2010(9):182-185.Liu Shuxian,Nie Yimiao,Niu Fusheng.Study of preparation process of geo-polymers with tailings and blast furnace slag[J].Metal Mine,2010(9):182-185.
[5]Queiroz H M,Nóbrega G N,Ferreira T O,et al.The Samarco mine tailing disaster:A possible time-bomb for heavy metals contamination[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018(s):498-506.
[6]李玉凤,包景岭,张锦瑞.铁尾矿资源开发利用现状分析[J].中国矿业,2015(11):205-208.Li Yufeng,Bao Jingling,Zhang Jinrui.Status analysis of iron tailings comprehensive utilization[J].China Mining Magazine,2015(11):205-208.
[7]Provis J L,Bernal S A.Geopolymers and related alkali-activated materials[J].Annual Review of Materials Research,2014(6):299-327.
[8]崔潮.偏高岭土基地质聚合物的研发与应用[D].长沙:长沙理工大学,2014:48-50.Cui Chao.Research and Development and Application of Poly-kaolin Base Polymer[D].Changsha:Changsha University of Technology,2014:48-50.
[9]Yunsheng Z,Wei S,Zongjin L.Composition design and microstructural characterization of calcined kaolin-based geopolymer cement[J].Applied Clay Science,2010,47(3):271-275.
[10]祝丽萍,倪文,张旭芳.赤泥矿渣-水泥基全尾胶砂结充填料的性能与微观结构[J].北京科技大学学报,2010,32(7):838-842.Zhu Liping,Ni Wen,Zhang Xufang.Performance and microstructure of cemented whole-tailings backfilling materials based on red mud,slag and cement[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2010,32(7):838-842.
[11]Wang M R,Jia D C,He P G,et al.Microstructural and mechanical characterization of fly ash cenosphere/metakaolin-based geopolymeric composites[J].Ceramics International,2011,37:1661-1666.
[12]曹娃,伊元荣,马佐.碱激发粉煤灰-钢渣地质聚合物的抗压强度[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(12):206-208.Cao Wa,Yin Yuanrong,Ma Zuo.Experimental study on compressive strength of geo-polymer made of alkali-excited steel Slag and fly ash[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2014,37(12):206-208.
[13]焦向科,曾志明,李涛.养护对钨尾矿地聚物抗压强度及泛霜的影响[J].非金属矿,2016,39(4):59-62.Jiao Xiangke,Zeng Zhiming,Li Tao.Effect of curing on compressive strength and efflorescence of tungsten tailing-based geopolymer[J].Non-metallic Mines,2016,39(4):59-62.
[14]Aredes F G M,Campos T M B,Machado J P B,et al.Effect of cure temperature on the formation of metakaolinite-based geopolymer[J].Ceramics International,2015(5):7302-7311.
[15]孔凡龙,刘泽,张俱嘉,等.矿渣-粉煤灰基地质聚合物性能与微观结构的研究[J].电子显微学报,2016,35(3):229-234.Kong Fanlong,Liu Ze,Zhang Jujia,et al.Rheological behavior,strength,and microstructure of geopolymers based on silicate-activated slag-CFA[J].Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society,2016,35(3):229-234.
[16]王华庆,张树光,李江山.低品位锰尾矿基胶凝材料配方优化[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(12):7230-7233.Wang Huaqing,Zhang Shuguang,Li Jiangshan.Experimental study of formula optimization of cementitious material prepared with low-grade manganese tailings[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(12):7230-7233.