双委夜蛾高致病力球孢白僵菌的筛选及在玉米内定殖率的测定
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摘要
双委夜蛾Athetis dissimilis(Hampson)为近年新发生的农业害虫,具有隐蔽为害的习性。为探索有效可持续的防治方法,实验室内测定了YB8、TB1126、YB12、TB1349和YB15共5株球孢白僵菌菌株对双委夜蛾2龄幼虫的致病力,筛选出高致病力白僵菌菌株,并测定其在玉米植株中的定殖率。结果表明:不同菌株对双委夜蛾的致病力存在较大的差异,LT50分别为1.35、2.16、2.61、1.68和2.16 d,LC50分别为9.09×10~7、5.00×10~8、5.54×10~9、1.41×10~(11)和2.61×10~(12)孢子/mL。菌株YB8在26℃下,产孢量1.094×10~7个/mL,孢子萌发率89.66%,1×10~9孢子/mL 10 d时双委夜蛾2龄幼虫死亡率达到100%,感染僵死率达到86.67%,在玉米根中定殖率为44.44%,茎中定殖率为51.59%,叶片中定殖率为36.30%。具有较大的开发潜力。
Athetis dissimilis(Hampson) is a cryptic insect pest emerging as a serious agricultural pest in recent years. To explore effective and sustainable control of the pest, the pathogenicity of 5 isolates(YB8, TB1126, YB12, TB1349, YB15) of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to 2 nd instar larvae of A. dissimilis was tested under laboratory condition to screen for high pathogenicity strains, and the colonization rate of YB8 in maize was measured. The isolates showed significant differences in pathogenicity to the A. dissimilis larvae, with median lethal times(LT50) of 1.35, 2.16, 2.61, 1.68, and 2.16 d, respectively, and median lethal concentrations(LC50) of 9.09×10~7, 5.00×10~8, 5.54×10~9, 1.41×10~(11), and 2.61×10~(12) conidia/mL, respectively. At 26 ℃, conidial production of YB8 reached 1.094×10~7, of which 89.66% germinated. When YB8 was applied at 1×10~9 conidia/mL, the accumulative mortality of A. dissimilis 2 nd instars reached 100%, resulting in cadaver rate of 86.67% at 10 d post application. The colonization rate of YB8 was 44.44% in maize root, 51.59% in stem, and 36.30% in leaf. These results show that the strain YB8 is potential for further exploitation.
Athetis dissimilis(Hampson) is a cryptic insect pest emerging as a serious agricultural pest in recent years. To explore effective and sustainable control of the pest, the pathogenicity of 5 isolates(YB8, TB1126, YB12, TB1349, YB15) of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to 2 nd instar larvae of A. dissimilis was tested under laboratory condition to screen for high pathogenicity strains, and the colonization rate of YB8 in maize was measured. The isolates showed significant differences in pathogenicity to the A. dissimilis larvae, with median lethal times(LT50) of 1.35, 2.16, 2.61, 1.68, and 2.16 d, respectively, and median lethal concentrations(LC50) of 9.09×10~7, 5.00×10~8, 5.54×10~9, 1.41×10~(11), and 2.61×10~(12) conidia/mL, respectively. At 26 ℃, conidial production of YB8 reached 1.094×10~7, of which 89.66% germinated. When YB8 was applied at 1×10~9 conidia/mL, the accumulative mortality of A. dissimilis 2 nd instars reached 100%, resulting in cadaver rate of 86.67% at 10 d post application. The colonization rate of YB8 was 44.44% in maize root, 51.59% in stem, and 36.30% in leaf. These results show that the strain YB8 is potential for further exploitation.
引文
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[19]姜玉英.2011年全国二点委夜蛾暴发概况及其原因分析[J].中国植保导刊,2012,32(10):34-37.
[20]Wagner B L,Lewis L C.Colonization of corn,Zea mays,by the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2000,66(8):3648-3473.
[21]Gurulingappa P,Sword G A,Murdoch G,et al.Colonization of crop plants by fungal entomopathogens and their effects on two insect pests when in planta[J].Biological Control,2010,55(1):34-41.
[22]Bing L A,Lewis L C.Occurrence of the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana(Balsamo)vuillemin in different tillage regimes and in Zea mays L.and virulence towards Ostrinia nubilalis(Hübner)[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,1993,45(1/2):147-156.
[23]Campos R A,Boldo J T,Pimentel I C,et al.Endophytic and entomopathogenic strains of Beauveria sp.to control the bovine tick Rhipicephalus(Boophilus)icroplus[J].Genetics and Molecular Research,2010,9(3):1421-1430.
[24]李晓慧,汪洋洲,张军,等.不同交配型球孢白僵菌在玉米植株中的定殖及其交配型基因变异比较研究[J].中国生物防治学报,2014,30(6):743-749.
[2]Ban T,Noboru K,Takahiro M,et al.The insect fauna of between Heisei-Memorial Bridge and Takahashi Bridge district,margins of Yahagigawa River[J].Yahagigawa Research,1998,2:33-73.
[3]Takahashi M.Athetis dissimilis Hampson,a new nuisance?[J].The Japan Society of Medical Entomology and Zoology,1975,26(1):66.
[4]李静雯,于毅,张安盛,等.山东省发现二点委夜蛾近似种一双委夜蛾[J].植物保护,2014,40(6):193-195.
[5]宋月芹,李文亮,刘顺通,等.双委夜蛾非典型嗅觉受体Orco的克隆、分子特征及表达[J].植物保护学报,2015,42(6):997-1003.
[6]蒲蛰龙,李增智.昆虫真菌学[M].合肥:安徽科学技术出版社,1996.
[7]Feng M G,Poprawski T J,Khachatourians G G.Production of formulation and application of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana for insect control:current status[J].Biocontrol Science and Technology,1994,4(1):3-34.
[8]李银平,雷仲仁,王海鸿.对西花蓟马高效的球孢白僵菌菌株筛选及产孢特性研究[J].中国生物防治学报,2014,30(6):219-226.
[9]Tefera T,Vidal S.Effect of inoculation method and plant growth medium on endophytic colonization of sorghum by the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana[J].Biological Control,2009,54(5):663-669.
[10]Bing L A,Lewis L C.Endophytic Beauveria bassiana(Balsamo)vuillemin in corn:the influence of the plant growth stage and Ostrinia nubilalis(Hübner)[J].Biocontrol Science and Technology,1992,2(1):39-47.
[11]Brownbridge M,Reay S D,Nelson T L,et al.Persistence of Beauveria bassiana(Ascomycota:Hypocreales)as an endophyte following inoculation of radiata pine seed and seedlings[J].Biological Control,2012,61(3):194-200.
[12]Batta Y.Efficacy of endophytic and applied Metarhizium anisopliae(Metch.)Sorokin(Ascomycota:Hypocreales)against larvae of Plutella xylostella L.(Yponomeutidae:Lepidoptera)infesting Brassica napus plants[J].Crop Protection,2013,44(1):128-134.
[13]路杨,徐文静,隋丽,等.球孢白僵菌植物内生性及其应用研究进展[J].东北农业科学,2016,41(1):73-77.
[14]刘玉军,张龙娃,何亚琼,等.栎旋木柄天牛高毒力球孢白僵菌菌株的筛选[J].昆虫学报,2008,51(2):143-149.
[15]李丽莉,张思聪,张安盛,等.球孢白僵菌筛选及其对桃小食心虫越冬幼虫致病力研究[J].中国生物防治学报,2013,29(2):318-323.
[16]王利娟,贺新生.植物内生真菌分离培养的研究方法[J].微生物学杂志,2006,25(4):55-60.
[17]Fisher PJ,Petrini O.Location of fungal endophytes in tissues of Suaeda fruticosa:a preliminary study[J].Transactions of the British Mycological Society,1987,89(2):246-249.
[18]姜京宇,席建英.河北省2005年农作物病虫新动态概述[J].中国植保导刊,2006,26(7):45-47.
[19]姜玉英.2011年全国二点委夜蛾暴发概况及其原因分析[J].中国植保导刊,2012,32(10):34-37.
[20]Wagner B L,Lewis L C.Colonization of corn,Zea mays,by the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2000,66(8):3648-3473.
[21]Gurulingappa P,Sword G A,Murdoch G,et al.Colonization of crop plants by fungal entomopathogens and their effects on two insect pests when in planta[J].Biological Control,2010,55(1):34-41.
[22]Bing L A,Lewis L C.Occurrence of the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana(Balsamo)vuillemin in different tillage regimes and in Zea mays L.and virulence towards Ostrinia nubilalis(Hübner)[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,1993,45(1/2):147-156.
[23]Campos R A,Boldo J T,Pimentel I C,et al.Endophytic and entomopathogenic strains of Beauveria sp.to control the bovine tick Rhipicephalus(Boophilus)icroplus[J].Genetics and Molecular Research,2010,9(3):1421-1430.
[24]李晓慧,汪洋洲,张军,等.不同交配型球孢白僵菌在玉米植株中的定殖及其交配型基因变异比较研究[J].中国生物防治学报,2014,30(6):743-749.