盲孔法测量热轧角钢截面残余应力及方差分析
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摘要
残余应力是影响钢结构受压稳定、疲劳断裂、脆性破坏和应力腐蚀开裂的一种不可避免的初始缺陷。为研究不同强度等级等边热轧角钢截面纵向残余应力分布,采用盲孔法对L110×8,L110×10,L160×12,L160×16共4种截面规格的Q235,Q345及Q420共计36个角钢试件的残余应力进行试验测量,得到了每个试件纵向残余应力的数值大小和分布范围。考虑到残余应力试验数据离散性较大,采用方差分析研究了角钢的肢边缘与肢背处残余应力分布及试件宽厚比、强度等级对残余应力系数的影响。分析结果表明:角钢各肢的残余应力分布关于肢中心对称,角钢的肢边缘与肢背处残余压应力大致相等;试件宽厚比和强度等级对残余应力系数没有显著影响,给出了描述试验结果的残余应力分布模式和建议峰值。
Residual stress is one of the inevitable initial imperfections for the compression stability of steel structure,fatigue failure,brittle failure and stress corrosion cracking. To investigate the longitudinal residual stress distribution in different strength grade equal-leg hot-rolled steel angle section,an experimental study of the residual stress of 36 specimens,including 4 types of sections: L110× 8,L110× 10,L160× 12,L160× 16 and 3 types of strength grade: Q235,Q345 and Q420,was conducted using blind hole method. And the magnitude and distribution of longitudinal residual stress were obtained. Considering the great discreteness of testing data,the residual stress distribution of steel angle back and edge and the effect of width-thickness ratio and strength grade on residual stress coefficient were studied using variance analysis.Results show that the residual stress distribution on each limb of the steel angle is symmetric with respect to the limb center.And the compressive residual stress of steel angle back is approximately equal to the stress of steel angle edge. The residual stress coefficient is hardly correlated to the width-thickness ratio and strength grade. Moreover,a distribution pattern and proposed peak to predict the residual stress were given,which well described the experimental results.
Residual stress is one of the inevitable initial imperfections for the compression stability of steel structure,fatigue failure,brittle failure and stress corrosion cracking. To investigate the longitudinal residual stress distribution in different strength grade equal-leg hot-rolled steel angle section,an experimental study of the residual stress of 36 specimens,including 4 types of sections: L110× 8,L110× 10,L160× 12,L160× 16 and 3 types of strength grade: Q235,Q345 and Q420,was conducted using blind hole method. And the magnitude and distribution of longitudinal residual stress were obtained. Considering the great discreteness of testing data,the residual stress distribution of steel angle back and edge and the effect of width-thickness ratio and strength grade on residual stress coefficient were studied using variance analysis.Results show that the residual stress distribution on each limb of the steel angle is symmetric with respect to the limb center.And the compressive residual stress of steel angle back is approximately equal to the stress of steel angle edge. The residual stress coefficient is hardly correlated to the width-thickness ratio and strength grade. Moreover,a distribution pattern and proposed peak to predict the residual stress were given,which well described the experimental results.
引文
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[3]沈祖炎,徐忠根.厚板焊接柱的曲线研究[J].同济大学学报,1993,2(2):145-154.
[4]班慧勇,施刚,石永久,等.国产Q460高强度钢材焊接工字形截面残余应力试验及分布模型研究[J].工程力学,2014,31(6):60-69.
[5]班慧勇,施刚,石永久,等.超高强度钢材焊接截面残余应力分布研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(S2):57-61.
[6]班慧勇,施刚,石永久. 960MPa高强钢焊接箱形截面残余应力试验及统一分布模型研究[J].土木工程学报,2013,46(11):63-69.
[7]班慧勇,施刚,邢海军,等. Q420等边角钢轴压杆稳定性能研究(Ⅰ)——残余应力的试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(7):14-21.
[8]童乐为,赵俊,周锋,等.高强度焊接H型钢残余应力试验研究[J].工业建筑,2012,42(1):42-55.
[9]杨俊芬,李渊,彭奕亮.盲孔法测试Q690高强钢管镀锌前后残余应力[J].工程力学,2015,32(2):114-119.
[10]王彦博.焊接截面纵向残余应力变化规律[J].建筑结构,2010,40(S1):204-208.
[11]陆才善.残余应力测试小孔释放法[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1991.
[12]刘瑞蕊.宽厚比超限的焊接箱形构件残余应力的试验研究与有限元分析[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2009.
[13]侯海量,朱锡,刘润泉.盲孔法测定921A钢焊接残余应力的应变释放系数研究[J].船舶工程,2003,25(1):57-60.
[14]王娜.中厚板焊接残余应力测试的盲孔法研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2007.
[15]残余应力测试方法钻孔应变释放法:CB/T 3395—92[S].北京:中国船舶总公司,1992.
[16]曹菊生,魏国强.概率统计与数据处理[M].苏州:苏州大学出版社,2011.
[17]张帼奋.概率论、数理统计与随机过程[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2011.
[18]张江萍.厚钢板焊接区域消除残余应力后性能分析研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2008.
[19]陈绍蕃,顾强.钢结构基础[M].北京.中国建筑工业出版社.2007.
[20]建筑结构荷载设计规范:GB 50009—2012[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.