环洞庭湖区稻田土壤中硅分布特征及其影响因素
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摘要
[目的]研究环洞庭湖区稻田土壤中有效硅的空间分布特征及其变化规律,以期为环洞庭湖区精准农业的发展、农田的保养提供科学依据和实践指导。[方法]运用地统计学与GIS技术相结合的方法开展研究。[结果]环洞庭湖区土壤中有效硅的含量与水稻产量呈显著的正相关,硅是水稻生长所需的重要营养元素。环洞庭稻田土壤有效硅平均含量为155.1mg/kg,多集中于100~200mg/kg。有效硅含量变幅大,最低与最高含量相差27倍,在研究区域空间上呈中间高四周低,西北最低的分布格局。土壤有效硅具有较强的空间相关性,其空间变异主要受土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、成土母质等因素影响。[结论]硅在水稻生长发育中起着重要的作用。不同的土壤类型所处的自然地理环境不一样,土壤有效硅含量各异,土壤有效硅的丰缺程度受土壤成土母质的影响并与土壤pH值成显著的正相关。
[Objective]The aim of this study was to explore the spatial distribution characteristics and the regularity of available silicon in the soil of Dongting Lake,and to provide scientific basis and practical guidance for the development of precision agriculture in the Dongting Lake area and the maintenance of farmland.[Methods]The geo-statistics and GIS technology were both used.[Results]There was a significantly positive correlation between the content of available silicon in the Dongting Lake area and the yield of rice.Silicon is an important nutrient element for rice growth.The average available silicon content in the paddy field around Dongting Lake was 155.1 mg/kg.Though in most cases,it varied from 100 to 200 mg/kg,the margin difference was so great as to the highest content was 27 times of the lowest.Spatially,the content of the part was found higher than the values of periphery,and in the northwest part it had the lowest silicon.Soil available silicon has a strong spatial correlation,and its spatial variation is mainly affected by soil type,soil pH value,soil parent material and other factors.[Conclusion]Silicon plays an important role in rice growth and development.Because soil types in natural geographical environment is not the same,so soil available silicon content normally varies.The abundance of soil available silicon is affected mainly by soil parent material and has significant positive correlation with soil pH value.
[Objective]The aim of this study was to explore the spatial distribution characteristics and the regularity of available silicon in the soil of Dongting Lake,and to provide scientific basis and practical guidance for the development of precision agriculture in the Dongting Lake area and the maintenance of farmland.[Methods]The geo-statistics and GIS technology were both used.[Results]There was a significantly positive correlation between the content of available silicon in the Dongting Lake area and the yield of rice.Silicon is an important nutrient element for rice growth.The average available silicon content in the paddy field around Dongting Lake was 155.1 mg/kg.Though in most cases,it varied from 100 to 200 mg/kg,the margin difference was so great as to the highest content was 27 times of the lowest.Spatially,the content of the part was found higher than the values of periphery,and in the northwest part it had the lowest silicon.Soil available silicon has a strong spatial correlation,and its spatial variation is mainly affected by soil type,soil pH value,soil parent material and other factors.[Conclusion]Silicon plays an important role in rice growth and development.Because soil types in natural geographical environment is not the same,so soil available silicon content normally varies.The abundance of soil available silicon is affected mainly by soil parent material and has significant positive correlation with soil pH value.
引文
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[13]郭鑫.罗江县农田土壤全氮协同克里格插值和采样数量优化研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(5):2576-2760.
[14]刘庆,夏江宝,谢文军.半方差函数与Moran’s I在土壤微量元素空间分布研究中的应用:以寿光市为例[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2011,36(9):1129-1133.
[15]刘伟.洞庭湖区耕地土壤养分评价与空间变异性研究[D].湖南长沙:中南林业科技大学,2013.
[16]杜薇,王昌全,李冰,等.基于GIS和地统计学的攀枝花烟区土壤pH空间变异特征研究[J].核农学报,2012,26(6):924-929.
[17]王政权.地统计学及在生态学中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[2]Matichenkov V V,Bocharnikova E A,Pahnenko E P,et al.Reduction of Cd,Cu,Ni,and Pb mobility by active Si in a laboratory study[J].Mine Water and the Environment,2016,51(3):1-8.
[3]弗拉基米尔·马基琴科夫,魏晓,刘代平,等.硅肥的理论、实践与展望[J].农业科学与技术:英文版,2013,14(3):498-502,506.
[4]张效朴,臧惠林.土壤有效硅测定方法的研究[J].土壤,1982(5):188-192.
[5]马新.石河子垦区土壤有效硅的空间分布与硅肥肥效[D].新疆石河子:石河子大学,2015.
[6]宋刚.剑河县土壤有效硅含量分析[J].耕作与栽培,2014(1):22-23.
[7]刘占军.我国南方低产水稻土养分特征与质量评价[D].北京:中国农业大学,2014.
[8]段文静,石林.硅钼蓝分光光度法测定硅肥中有效硅[J].分析科学学报,2015,31(3):389-392.
[9]向万胜,苏以荣,何电源,等.湖南省主要成土母质(母岩)发育的水稻土有效硅的含量状况[J].土壤肥料,1993(2):38-40.
[10]赵业婷.基于GIS的陕西省关中地区耕地土壤养分空间特征及其变化研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[11]赵业婷,常庆瑞,李志鹏,等.渭北台塬区耕地土壤有机质与全氮空间特征[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(8):140-148.
[12]丁亨虎,吴家琼,刘克芝,等.潜江市水稻土有效硅分布特征[J].现代农业科技,2015(22):204-205.
[13]郭鑫.罗江县农田土壤全氮协同克里格插值和采样数量优化研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(5):2576-2760.
[14]刘庆,夏江宝,谢文军.半方差函数与Moran’s I在土壤微量元素空间分布研究中的应用:以寿光市为例[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2011,36(9):1129-1133.
[15]刘伟.洞庭湖区耕地土壤养分评价与空间变异性研究[D].湖南长沙:中南林业科技大学,2013.
[16]杜薇,王昌全,李冰,等.基于GIS和地统计学的攀枝花烟区土壤pH空间变异特征研究[J].核农学报,2012,26(6):924-929.
[17]王政权.地统计学及在生态学中的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
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