国际环境流量发展研究
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摘要
2007年,在澳大利亚布里斯班召开的世界环境流量大会上各国对环境流量形成了统一认识。经过10年发展,世界范围内的环境流量研究、管理与实践成果显著,在概念上从水生生态保护目标要求向水资源规划和管理多目标、多尺度的生态、社会可持续性和适应性转变,并在2017年布里斯班宣言发布10周年时,将人类文化用水需求纳入到环境流量的定义。通过回顾梳理环境流量实施10年的发展与成果,分析实施环境流量与实现联合国可持续发展目标的关系,主要讨论了环境流量与可持续发展、水资源综合管理和气候变化的关系等,提出未来亟须进一步加强多部门的水资源综合管理和利益相关方的合作,以应对气候变化的影响,实现可持续发展目标。
The definition of environmental flow was formed at the international environmental flow conference in Brisbane,Australia in2007. After 10 years of development,there were remarkable achievements in the research,management and practice of environmental flow. The concept of environmental flow has changed from aquatic ecological protection requirements to the multi-objective and multi-scale sustainability and adaptability of ecology and society of water resources regulation and management. In 2017,at the 10 th anniversary of Brisbane Declaration,the volumes,timing,and quality of surface and ground water necessary to sustain human culture was incorporated in the definition. Therefore,this study reviewed the development and achievements of environmental flow implementation in last decades,and analyzed the relationship between environmental flow implementation and the sustainable development goals. The relationships among environmental flow and sustainable development,integrated water resources management and climate change were mainly discussed.Finally,we recommended multisectoral collaboration related to integrated water resource management should be strengthened so as to mitigate the impacts of climate change and achieve the sustainable development goals.
The definition of environmental flow was formed at the international environmental flow conference in Brisbane,Australia in2007. After 10 years of development,there were remarkable achievements in the research,management and practice of environmental flow. The concept of environmental flow has changed from aquatic ecological protection requirements to the multi-objective and multi-scale sustainability and adaptability of ecology and society of water resources regulation and management. In 2017,at the 10 th anniversary of Brisbane Declaration,the volumes,timing,and quality of surface and ground water necessary to sustain human culture was incorporated in the definition. Therefore,this study reviewed the development and achievements of environmental flow implementation in last decades,and analyzed the relationship between environmental flow implementation and the sustainable development goals. The relationships among environmental flow and sustainable development,integrated water resources management and climate change were mainly discussed.Finally,we recommended multisectoral collaboration related to integrated water resource management should be strengthened so as to mitigate the impacts of climate change and achieve the sustainable development goals.
引文
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[12]陈昂,王东胜,隋欣,等.小浪底水库水温影响研究回顾[J].人民黄河,2017(8):63-66.
[13]陈昂,隋欣,王东胜,等.黄河下游河道沿岸景观格局时空动态变化研究[J].水电能源科学,2014(11):26.
[14] Reidy Liermann C A, Olden J D, Beechie T J, et al.Hydrogeomorphic classification of washington state rivers to support emerging environmental flow management strategies[J]. River Research and Applications,2012,28(9):1340-1358.
[2]陈昂,隋欣,王东胜,等.基于水库生态系统演替的环境影响后评价技术体系研究[J].环境影响评价,2015,37(6):41-44.
[3]陈昂,王鹏远,吴淼,等.国外生态流量政策法规及启示[J].华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版),2017(5):49-53.
[4] Chen A,Sui X,Wang D,et al. Landscape and avifauna changes as an indicator of yellow river delta wetland restoration[J].Ecological Engineering,2016,86:162-173.
[5]陈昂,隋欣,廖文根,等.我国河流生态基流理论研究回顾[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2016(6):401-411.
[6]陈昂,沈忱,吴淼,等.中国河道内生态需水管理政策建议[J].科技导报,2016(22):11.
[7]国家环境保护总局环境影响评价管理司.水利水电开发项目生态环境保护研究与实践[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2006.
[8] Chen A,Wu M,Chen K,et al. Main issues in environmental protection research and practice of water conservancy and hydropower projects in China[J]. Water Science and Engineering,2017,4(9):312-323.
[9]陈昂,吴淼,沈忱,等.河道生态基流计算方法回顾与评估框架研究[J].水利水电技术,2017(2):97-105.
[10] Wu M, Chen A. Practice on ecological flow and adaptive management of hydropower engineering projects in China from 2001to 2015[J]. Water Policy,2017,20(2):336-354.
[11]陈昂,温静雅,王鹏远,等.构建河流生态流量监测系统的思考[J].中国水利,2018(1):7-10.
[12]陈昂,王东胜,隋欣,等.小浪底水库水温影响研究回顾[J].人民黄河,2017(8):63-66.
[13]陈昂,隋欣,王东胜,等.黄河下游河道沿岸景观格局时空动态变化研究[J].水电能源科学,2014(11):26.
[14] Reidy Liermann C A, Olden J D, Beechie T J, et al.Hydrogeomorphic classification of washington state rivers to support emerging environmental flow management strategies[J]. River Research and Applications,2012,28(9):1340-1358.