动环补偿型液膜密封三自由度动力学响应特性分析
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摘要
密封环角偏差及转轴轴向振动直接影响液膜密封的动态追随性,以工程中常见的动环补偿型螺旋槽液膜密封为例,分析补偿环的动力学响应特性。建立液膜密封三自由度动力学分析模型,采用有限差分法离散计入挤压效应项雷诺方程,与膜厚方程、轴向及角向动力学方程组联立,求解补偿环中心位移及X向、Y向角偏差的响应特性。结果表明:轴向激励造成补偿环发生轴向正弦波动,但波动幅度仅为激励振幅的3. 16%;轴向激励对补偿环角向响应无影响;随偏差值的增大,静环固定角偏差及动环初始角偏差对补偿环轴向响应的影响越发凸显;动环能够对静环保持良好的角向追随性,动环初始角偏差将造成动环自身发生角振动。
The dynamic tracking property of liquid film seal is directly influenced by angle misalignment of seal rings and axial vibration of a shaft. The commonly used spiral groove liquid film seal with a flexibly mounted rotor was selected as an object to analyze the dynamic response characteristics of the compensated ring. A 3-DOF dynamic analysis model for the liquid film seal was built. Reynolds equation with a squeeze effect term discretized numerically using the finite difference method combined with a film thickness equation and dynamic equations in axial and angular directions were solved simultaneously to calculate the response features of the compensated ring 's central displacement and angle misalignments. The results showed that the excitation in axial direction makes the compensated ring have a sine oscillation,but the oscillation amplitude fluctuation is only 3. 16% of the excitation amplitude; the axial excitation has no effect on the compensated ring's responses in angular directions; with increase in offsets,the effects of stator fixed angle misalignment and rotor initial angle misalignment become more obvious; the rotor can maintain a good angular tracking property to the stator,and the rotor initial angle misalignment can cause itself to have angular vibration.
The dynamic tracking property of liquid film seal is directly influenced by angle misalignment of seal rings and axial vibration of a shaft. The commonly used spiral groove liquid film seal with a flexibly mounted rotor was selected as an object to analyze the dynamic response characteristics of the compensated ring. A 3-DOF dynamic analysis model for the liquid film seal was built. Reynolds equation with a squeeze effect term discretized numerically using the finite difference method combined with a film thickness equation and dynamic equations in axial and angular directions were solved simultaneously to calculate the response features of the compensated ring 's central displacement and angle misalignments. The results showed that the excitation in axial direction makes the compensated ring have a sine oscillation,but the oscillation amplitude fluctuation is only 3. 16% of the excitation amplitude; the axial excitation has no effect on the compensated ring's responses in angular directions; with increase in offsets,the effects of stator fixed angle misalignment and rotor initial angle misalignment become more obvious; the rotor can maintain a good angular tracking property to the stator,and the rotor initial angle misalignment can cause itself to have angular vibration.
引文
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[7]GREEN I.Gyroscopic and support effects on the steady-state response of a non-contacting flexibly mounted rotor mechanical face seal[J].Journal of Tribology,1989,111(2):200-208.
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[10]WILEMAN J,GREEN I.Parametric investigation of the steady-state response of a mechanical seal with two flexibly mounted rotors[J].Journal of Tribology,1999,121(1):69-76.
[11]WILEMAN J.Dynamic response of eccentric face seals to synchronous shaft whirl[J].Journal of Tribology,2004,126(2):1604-1621.
[12]王之栎,刘国西,郭艳丽.反转轴间气膜密封振动过程分析[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(2):181-185.WANG Zhiyue,LIU Guoxi,GUO Yanli.Vibration process analysis of a gas film seal in counter-rotating shafts[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(2):181-185.
[13]LIU W,LIU Y,HUANG W,et al.Effect of disturbances on the dynamic performance of a wavy-tilt-dam mechanical seal[J].Tribology International,2013,64(3):63-68.
[14]BLASIAK S,ZAHORULKO A V.A parametric and dynamic analysis of non-contacting gas face seals with modified surfaces[J].Tribology International,2016,94:126-137.
[15]杨文静,郝木明,李振涛,等.考虑锥度及波度的螺旋槽液膜密封动态特性分析[J].化工学报,2016,67(12):5199-5207.YANG Wenjing,HAO Muming,LI Zhentao,et al.Analysis of dynamic characteristics of spiral groove liquid film seal considering taper and waviness[J].CIESC Journal,2016,67(12):5199-5207.
[16]GREEN I,ETSION I.Stability threshold and steady-state response of non-contacting coned-face seals[J].Tribology Transactions,1985,28(4):449-460.
[17]马纲,何军,孙晓军,等.非线性数值模拟柱面气膜密封动态特性[J].航空动力学报,2014,29(1):1-8.MA Gang,HE Jun,SUN Xiaojun,et al.Nonlinear numerical simulation for dynamic characteristic of gas cylinder film seal[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2014,29(1):1-8.
[2]李振涛,郝木明,杨文静,等.螺旋槽液膜密封端面空化发生机理[J].化工学报,2016,67(11):4750-4761.LI Zhentao,HAO Muming,YANG Wenjing,et al.Cavitation mechanism of spiral groove liquid film seals[J].CIESC Journal,2016,67(11):4750-4761.
[3]顾永泉.流体动密封[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1990:154.
[4]张敏芳.低速气膜密封动态特性数值分析[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2009:7-8.
[5]陈源,彭旭东,江锦波,等.密封环挠性安装形式对干气密封动态追随性的影响[J].摩擦学学报,2017,37(2):139-147.CHEN Yuan,PENG Xudong,JIANG Jinbo,et al.The influence of flexibly mounted ways of seal rings on dynamic tracking of dry gas seal[J].Tribology,2017,37(2):139-147.
[6]GREEN I.The rotor dynamic coefficients of coned-face mechanical seals with inward or outward flow[J].Journal of Tribology,1987,109(1):129-135.
[7]GREEN I.Gyroscopic and support effects on the steady-state response of a non-contacting flexibly mounted rotor mechanical face seal[J].Journal of Tribology,1989,111(2):200-208.
[8]AN S L,GREEN I.Physical modeling and data analysis of the dynamic response of a flexibly mounted rotor mechanical seal[J].Journal of Tribology,1995,117(1):130-135.
[9]WILEMAN J,GREEN I.The rotor dynamic coefficients of eccentric mechanical face seals[J].Journal of Tribology,1996,118(1):215-224.
[10]WILEMAN J,GREEN I.Parametric investigation of the steady-state response of a mechanical seal with two flexibly mounted rotors[J].Journal of Tribology,1999,121(1):69-76.
[11]WILEMAN J.Dynamic response of eccentric face seals to synchronous shaft whirl[J].Journal of Tribology,2004,126(2):1604-1621.
[12]王之栎,刘国西,郭艳丽.反转轴间气膜密封振动过程分析[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(2):181-185.WANG Zhiyue,LIU Guoxi,GUO Yanli.Vibration process analysis of a gas film seal in counter-rotating shafts[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(2):181-185.
[13]LIU W,LIU Y,HUANG W,et al.Effect of disturbances on the dynamic performance of a wavy-tilt-dam mechanical seal[J].Tribology International,2013,64(3):63-68.
[14]BLASIAK S,ZAHORULKO A V.A parametric and dynamic analysis of non-contacting gas face seals with modified surfaces[J].Tribology International,2016,94:126-137.
[15]杨文静,郝木明,李振涛,等.考虑锥度及波度的螺旋槽液膜密封动态特性分析[J].化工学报,2016,67(12):5199-5207.YANG Wenjing,HAO Muming,LI Zhentao,et al.Analysis of dynamic characteristics of spiral groove liquid film seal considering taper and waviness[J].CIESC Journal,2016,67(12):5199-5207.
[16]GREEN I,ETSION I.Stability threshold and steady-state response of non-contacting coned-face seals[J].Tribology Transactions,1985,28(4):449-460.
[17]马纲,何军,孙晓军,等.非线性数值模拟柱面气膜密封动态特性[J].航空动力学报,2014,29(1):1-8.MA Gang,HE Jun,SUN Xiaojun,et al.Nonlinear numerical simulation for dynamic characteristic of gas cylinder film seal[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2014,29(1):1-8.
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