冷热电气多能互补的微能源网鲁棒优化调度
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摘要
随着能源结构调整,集成风/光等可再生能源输入、冷热电气等多种能源互补输出的微能源网得到了逐步发展,如何协调调度微能源网内冷热电气源网荷成为当前研究热点。建立了冷热电气多能互补的微能源网在孤岛/并网模式下的协调调度模型,并利用供热/供冷系统的热惯性和热/冷负荷的柔性,发挥供热/供冷系统的"储能"功能,以电转气(P2G)装置实现电—气网络双向互通。模型采用鲁棒线性优化理论将随机优化模型进行确定性转化,取得经济性和鲁棒性的适当折中。算例仿真验证了温度负荷储能特性对微能源网灵活调度的优化作用和鲁棒性指标对优化结果的协调作用。
With the adjustment of energy structure,micro-energy grid integrated with renewable energy source(RES)input such as wind/photovoltaic(PV)and multi-energy complementation output of cooling heating power and natural gas has been gradually developed.How to coordinate and dispatch the various kinds of energy resources above within micro-energy grid becomes a research hotspot.In this paper,the coordinated dispatching models of micro-energy grid in islanded/grid-connected modes with multi-energy complementation of cooling heating power and natural gas are established.Meanwhile,the thermal inertia of the heating/cooling system and the flexibility of the heating and cooling are considered to develop energy storage function of the heating/cooling system.The power to gas(P2 G)device is introduced to achieve the two-way flow of energy between the electric power and natural gas network.Based on Kang's robust optimization,the stochastic optimization models are transformed into the deterministic optimization models to achieve a compromise between economics and robustness.The simulation results demonstrate the optimization effect of energy storage characteristics of temperature loads on flexible dispatch of micro-energy grid and coordination function of robust index on optimization results.
With the adjustment of energy structure,micro-energy grid integrated with renewable energy source(RES)input such as wind/photovoltaic(PV)and multi-energy complementation output of cooling heating power and natural gas has been gradually developed.How to coordinate and dispatch the various kinds of energy resources above within micro-energy grid becomes a research hotspot.In this paper,the coordinated dispatching models of micro-energy grid in islanded/grid-connected modes with multi-energy complementation of cooling heating power and natural gas are established.Meanwhile,the thermal inertia of the heating/cooling system and the flexibility of the heating and cooling are considered to develop energy storage function of the heating/cooling system.The power to gas(P2 G)device is introduced to achieve the two-way flow of energy between the electric power and natural gas network.Based on Kang's robust optimization,the stochastic optimization models are transformed into the deterministic optimization models to achieve a compromise between economics and robustness.The simulation results demonstrate the optimization effect of energy storage characteristics of temperature loads on flexible dispatch of micro-energy grid and coordination function of robust index on optimization results.
引文
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[2] 薛小代,刘彬卉,汪雨辰,等.基于压缩空气储能的社区微能源网设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(12):3306- 3314.XUE Xiaodai,LIU Binhui,WANG Yuchen,et al.Micro energy network design for community based on compressed air energy storage[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(12):3306- 3314.
[3] 马腾飞,吴俊勇,郝亮亮.含冷热电三联供的微能源网能量流计算及综合仿真[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(23):22-27.MA Tengfei,WU Junyong,HAO Liangliang.Energy flow calculation and integrated simulation of micro-energy grid with combined cooling,heating and power[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(23):22-27.
[4] 王鲁浩,李歧强,丁然,等.可再生能源微网鲁棒多目标优化调度[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(5):184-192.WANG Luhao,LI Qiqiang,DING Ran,et al.Robust multi-objective optimization scheduling of micro-grids with renewable energy[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(5):184-192.
[5] 王鲁浩.多能互补微网鲁棒多目标运行优化[D].济南:山东大学,2017.WANG Luhao.Robust multi-objective operation optimization for multi-energy complementary microgirds[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2017.
[6] 刘方泽,牟龙华,张涛,等.微能源网多能源耦合枢纽的模型搭建与优化[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(14):91-98.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171218003.LIU Fangze,MOU Longhua,ZHANG Tao,et al.Modelling and optimization of multi-energy coupling hub for micro-energy network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(14):91-98.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171218003.
[7] GOETZ M,LEFEBVRE J,MOERS F,et al.Renewable Power-to-gas:a technological and economic review[J].Renewable Energy,2016,85:1371-1390.
[8] 李杨,刘伟佳,赵俊华,等.含电转气的电-气-热系统协同调度与消纳风电效益分析[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3680-3689.LI Yang,LIU Weijia,ZHAO Junhua,et al.Optimal dispatch of combined electricity-gas-heat energy systems with power-to-gas devices and benefit analysis of wind power accommodation[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3680-3689.
[9] 张华一,文福拴,张璨,等.计及舒适度的家庭能源中心运行优化模型[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(20):32-39.ZHANG Huayi,WEN Fushuan,ZHANG Can,et al.Operation optimization model of home energy hubs considering comfort level of customers[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(20):32-39.
[10] LI Zhigang,WU Wenchuan,SHAHIDEHPOUR M,et al.Combined heat and power dispatch considering pipeline energy storage of district heating network[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2016,7(1):12-22.
[11] 邹云阳,杨莉,冯丽,等.考虑热负荷二维可控性的微网热电协调调度[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(6):13-19.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161108003.ZOU Yunyang,YANG Li,FENG Li,et al.Coordinated heat and power dispatch of microgrid considering two-dimensional controllability of heat loads[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(6):13-19.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161108003.
[12] 周磊,李扬,高赐威.聚合空调负荷的温度调节方法改进及控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(31):5579-5589.ZHOU Lei,LI Yang,GAO Ciwei.Improvement of temperature adjusting method for aggregated air-conditioning loads and its control strategy[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(31):5579-5589.
[13] ZHANG Ning,KANG Chongqing,KIRSCHEN D S,et al.Planning pumped storage capacity for wind power integration[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2013,4(2):393-401.
[14] 刘宝碇,赵瑞清.随机规划与模糊规划[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1998.LIU Baoding,ZHAO Ruiqing.Stochastic programming and fuzzy programming[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1998.
[15] 杨毅,韦钢,周冰,等.含分布式电源的配电网模糊优化规划[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(13):19-23.YANG Yi,WEI Gang,ZHOU Bing,et al.Optimized fuzzy planning of the distribution network including distributed generation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(13):19-23.
[16] BEN-TAL A,GHAOUI L E,NEMIROVSKI A.Robust optimization[M].Princeton:Princeton University Press,2009.
[17] KANG S C.Robust linear optimization using distributional information[D].Boston:Boston University,2008.
[18] LIN F,YI J A.Optimal operation of a CHP plant for space heating as a peak load regulating plant[J].Energy,2000,25(3):283-298.
[19] ZHANG Yu,LU Ning.Parameter selection for a centralized thermostatically controlled appliances load controller used for intra-hour load balancing[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2013,4(4):2100-2108.
[20] 许景峰.浅谈PMV方程的适用范围[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2005,27(3):13-18.XU Jingfeng.Discussion on the application range of the PMV equation[J].Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University,2005,27(3):13-18.
[21] FANGER P O.Thermal comfort[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Company,1970.
[22] 顾伟,吴志,王锐.考虑污染气体排放的热电联供型微电网多目标运行优化[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(14):177-185.GU Wei,WU Zhi,WANG Rui.Multi-objective optimization of combined heat and power microgrid considering pollutant emission[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(14):177-185.