高速铁路膨胀泥岩路基渗流及膨胀特性试验研究
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摘要
以兰新高铁某典型膨胀泥岩路基段为研究对象,进行现场水平及竖向渗流试验,研究不同渗流方向下泥岩的膨胀及渗透特性。结果表明:水平及竖向渗流试验中,不同位置土样的体积含水率均经历前期快速增长、中期外凸弧线型缓慢增长和后期基本稳定这3个阶段。当泥岩发生水平渗流时,泥岩既发生膨胀,又发生软化,离注水管越近的土样膨胀量越大;离注水管远的土样朝已软化的泥岩方向释放膨胀能,导致其竖向膨胀量变小。影响水分在土样中渗透的因素主要有上部土样对下部土样的压密作用、基质吸力作用和重力作用。当泥岩发生自上而下竖向渗流时,土样最终体积含水率从上到下依次递减;泥岩膨胀会导致其渗透性减小;泥岩膨胀经历快速膨胀阶段、膨胀减缓阶段和膨胀稳定阶段。
Taking the base section of the typical expansive mudstone of Lanzhou-Wulumuqi High-Speed Railway as a research object, the horizontal and vertical seepage tests of the mudstone on the subgrade are carried out to study the swelling and permeability characteristics of the mudstone under different seepage directions. The research results show that during the horizontal seepage tests and the vertical seepage tests, the volume water content of the swelling soil samples at different locations all have three stages: rapid growth stage in the early period, medium-term convex arc type slow growth stage in the middle period, and basic stable stage in the later period. When horizontal seepage occurs in the mudstone, the mudstone both expands and softens, and the closer the mudstone is to the water injection pipe, the larger the swelling of the soil sample is. The soil sample farther away from the water injection pipe releases the expansion energy in the direction of the softened mudstone, and as a result, the amount of expansion becomes smaller in its vertical direction. The factors affecting the penetration of water into the soil sample mainly include the compaction effect of the upper soil sample on the lower soil sample, the effect of the matrix suction and the effect of gravity. When the vertical seepage occurs in the mudstone from top to down, the final volumetric water content of the soil sample decreases from top to down. The expansion of mudstone will lead to the decrease of permeability, and the expansion of mudstone will undergo the stages of rapid expansion, slow expansion and stable expansion. The research results can provide a reference basis for the construction of high-speed railway subgrade in the expansive mudstone area, and can provide technical reference for the construction of similar areas.
Taking the base section of the typical expansive mudstone of Lanzhou-Wulumuqi High-Speed Railway as a research object, the horizontal and vertical seepage tests of the mudstone on the subgrade are carried out to study the swelling and permeability characteristics of the mudstone under different seepage directions. The research results show that during the horizontal seepage tests and the vertical seepage tests, the volume water content of the swelling soil samples at different locations all have three stages: rapid growth stage in the early period, medium-term convex arc type slow growth stage in the middle period, and basic stable stage in the later period. When horizontal seepage occurs in the mudstone, the mudstone both expands and softens, and the closer the mudstone is to the water injection pipe, the larger the swelling of the soil sample is. The soil sample farther away from the water injection pipe releases the expansion energy in the direction of the softened mudstone, and as a result, the amount of expansion becomes smaller in its vertical direction. The factors affecting the penetration of water into the soil sample mainly include the compaction effect of the upper soil sample on the lower soil sample, the effect of the matrix suction and the effect of gravity. When the vertical seepage occurs in the mudstone from top to down, the final volumetric water content of the soil sample decreases from top to down. The expansion of mudstone will lead to the decrease of permeability, and the expansion of mudstone will undergo the stages of rapid expansion, slow expansion and stable expansion. The research results can provide a reference basis for the construction of high-speed railway subgrade in the expansive mudstone area, and can provide technical reference for the construction of similar areas.
引文
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[14] 项伟,董晓娟.南水北调潞王坟段弱膨胀土膨胀性研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(4):986- 992.(XIANG Wei,DONG Xiaojuan.Study of swelling characteristic of the weak expansive soil in Luwangfen for South-to-North Water Diversion Project[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(4):986- 992.(in Chinese))
[15] 杨明,马晓英.皖西压实膨胀土膨胀特性试验研究[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,31(10):1688- 1691.(YANG Ming,MA Xiaoying.Study on the swelling behavior of compacted expansive soil in west Anhui Province[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Natural Sciences),2012,31(10):1688- 1691.(in Chinese))
[16] ALLAM M,SRIDHARAM S.Effect of wetting and drying on shear strength[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1981,107(4):421- 438.
[17] AL-HOMOND A S,BASMA A,HUEIN MALKAWI A I,et al.Cyclic swelling behavior of clays[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1995,121(7):562-565.
[18] ROBERT W D.Swell-shrink behavior of compacted clay[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,120(3):618- 623.
[19] 刘方成,陈巨龙,王海东,等.一种大型循环单剪试验装置研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(11):3336-3346.(LIU Fangcheng,CHEN Julong,WANG Haidong,et al.Development of a large-scale cyclic simple shear test apparatus[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(11):3336-3346.(in Chinese))
[2] 马丽娜,严松宏,王起才,等.客运专线无碴轨道泥岩地基原位浸水膨胀变形试验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(8):1684- 1691.(MA Lina,YAN Songhong,WANG Qicai,et al.In-situ tests on swelling deformation of mudstone foundation upon soaking under ballastless track of passenger railway line[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(8):1684- 1691.(in Chinese))
[3] TB 10621—2014 高速铁路设计规范[S].(TB 10621—2014 Code for design of high speed railway[S].(in Chinese))
[4] 马丽娜,严松宏,张戎令,等.低黏土矿物含量泥岩浸水膨胀变形的试验研究[J].工业建筑,2015,45(11):111- 115,196.(MA Lina,YAN Songhong,ZHANG Rongling,et al.Experimental research on soaking swelling deformation of mudstone with low content of clay minerals[J].Industrial Construction,2015,45(11):111- 115,196.(in Chinese))
[5] 马丽娜,严松宏,王起才,等.哈密地区膨胀性泥岩膨胀特性研究[J].兰州交通大学学报,2015,34(1):17- 22.(MA Lina,YAN Songhong,WANG Qicai,et al.Research on the characteristics of expansive mudstone in Hami Area[J].Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2015,34(1):17- 22.(in Chinese))
[6] 薛彦瑾,王起才,张戎令,等.高速铁路地基膨胀土膨胀变形试验研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2017,14(4):690- 696.(XUE Yanjin,WANG Qicai,ZHANG Rongling,et al.Experimental study on expansive deformation of expansive soil in high speed railway[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2017,14(4):690- 696.(in Chinese))
[7] 李进前,王起才,张戎令,等.粒径对膨胀土无荷膨胀率的影响研究[J].水利水电技术,2017,48(12):168- 173.(LI Jinqian,WANG Qicai,ZHANG Rongling,et al.Study on effect from particle size on load-free swelling rate of expansive soil[J].Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,2017,48(12):168- 173.(in Chinese))
[8] 陈善雄.膨胀土工程特性与处治技术研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2006.(CHEN Shanxiong.Study on engineering behaviors of expansive soils and its treatment measures[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2006.(in Chinese))
[9] 戴张俊,陈善雄,罗红明,等.非饱和膨胀土/岩持水与渗透特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(增刊1):134- 141.(DAI Zhangjun,CHEN Shanxiong,LUO Hongming,et al.Experimental study of water-holding and permeability characteristics of unsaturated expansive soils and rocks[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(Suppl1):134- 141.(in Chinese))
[10] 李志清,余文龙,付乐,等.膨胀土胀缩变形规律与灾害机制研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(增刊2):270- 275.(LI Zhiqing,YU Wenlong,FU Le,et al.Research on expansion and contraction rules and disaster mechanism of expansive soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(Suppl2):270- 275.(in Chinese))
[11] 饶锡保,黄斌,吴云刚,等.膨胀土击实样膨胀特性试验研究[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2011,44(2):211- 215.(RAO Xibao,HUANG Bin,WU Yungang,et al.Experimental study of expansion characteristics of compacted expansive soil[J].Engineering Journal of Wuhan University,2011,44(2):211- 215.(in Chinese))
[12] 黄斌,饶锡保,王章琼,等.考虑状态含水率和密度的膨胀土膨胀模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(增刊1):397- 402.(HUANG Bin,RAO Xibao,WANG Zhangqiong,et al.Experimental study of expansion model of expansive soil considering state water content and density[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(Suppl1):397- 402.(in Chinese))
[13] 何山,朱珍德,王思敬.红山窑风化红砂岩膨胀特性试验研究[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(5):557-560.(HE Shan,ZHU Zhende,WANG Sijing.Experimental study on expansive properties of weathered red sandstone at Hongshanyao[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2006,34(5):557-560.(in Chinese))
[14] 项伟,董晓娟.南水北调潞王坟段弱膨胀土膨胀性研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(4):986- 992.(XIANG Wei,DONG Xiaojuan.Study of swelling characteristic of the weak expansive soil in Luwangfen for South-to-North Water Diversion Project[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(4):986- 992.(in Chinese))
[15] 杨明,马晓英.皖西压实膨胀土膨胀特性试验研究[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,31(10):1688- 1691.(YANG Ming,MA Xiaoying.Study on the swelling behavior of compacted expansive soil in west Anhui Province[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Natural Sciences),2012,31(10):1688- 1691.(in Chinese))
[16] ALLAM M,SRIDHARAM S.Effect of wetting and drying on shear strength[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1981,107(4):421- 438.
[17] AL-HOMOND A S,BASMA A,HUEIN MALKAWI A I,et al.Cyclic swelling behavior of clays[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1995,121(7):562-565.
[18] ROBERT W D.Swell-shrink behavior of compacted clay[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1994,120(3):618- 623.
[19] 刘方成,陈巨龙,王海东,等.一种大型循环单剪试验装置研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(11):3336-3346.(LIU Fangcheng,CHEN Julong,WANG Haidong,et al.Development of a large-scale cyclic simple shear test apparatus[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(11):3336-3346.(in Chinese))