砂砾岩储层岩石粒径定量估算新方法
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摘要
利用电成像测井图像的直观特征进行岩性识别是目前砂砾岩储层评价的一项主要内容,但是对于电成像的利用研究仅仅停留在定性阶段,缺乏定量的表征,主要成果为基于电成像的图像-岩性识别模式.特别是由于电成像测井资料有限,在缺乏定量数据的前提下,无法将电成像取得的成果推广到常规测井资料,这一难题一直制约着砂砾岩岩性识别的研究.以盐家油田沙四段砂砾岩为例,对其电成像测井图像进行灰度化、盲区充填、图像滤波、图像分割、砾石提取等操作后,电成像图像可转化为连续的岩心砾石信息,进而可以提取纵向的砾石含量、最大粒径、最小粒径、平均粒径等参数.以最大砾石粒径作为砂砾岩储层岩性指示的标志,通过粒径与常规曲线的敏感性分析,建立了砂砾岩岩石粒径与电阻率、自然伽马和密度等常规测井曲线的统计关系,并提出了该地区岩性识别的定量标准.
At present, lithology identification using the intuitionistic characteristics of electric imaging logging image is one of the main contents of sandy conglomerate reservoir evaluation, but the research on the application of electric imaging logging is only in the qualitative stage, lacking of quantitative representation. The main achievement is the pattern of lithology identification based on electric imaging logging image. Especially because of the limited data of electric imaging logging, it is impossible to extend the results of electrical imaging to conventional logging data without quantitative data. This difficult problem has been restricting the study of sandy conglomerate lithology identification. Taking sandy conglomerates of the four member of the Eocene Shahejie Formation(Es_4~U) in Yanjia Oilfield as an example, the electric imaging logging image can be transformed into continuous core gravel information after graying, blind area filling, image filtering, image segmentation and gravel extraction, etc. Furthermore, the parameters of longitudinal gravel content, maximum particle size, minimum particle size and average particle size can be extracted. Taking the maximum gravel particle size as the indicator of lithology of sandy conglomerate reservoirs, through the sensitivity analysis of grain size and conventional curve, the statistical relations of grain size and resistivity, natural gamma and density of sandy conglomerate are established, and a quantitative standard for lithology identification in this area is proposed.
At present, lithology identification using the intuitionistic characteristics of electric imaging logging image is one of the main contents of sandy conglomerate reservoir evaluation, but the research on the application of electric imaging logging is only in the qualitative stage, lacking of quantitative representation. The main achievement is the pattern of lithology identification based on electric imaging logging image. Especially because of the limited data of electric imaging logging, it is impossible to extend the results of electrical imaging to conventional logging data without quantitative data. This difficult problem has been restricting the study of sandy conglomerate lithology identification. Taking sandy conglomerates of the four member of the Eocene Shahejie Formation(Es_4~U) in Yanjia Oilfield as an example, the electric imaging logging image can be transformed into continuous core gravel information after graying, blind area filling, image filtering, image segmentation and gravel extraction, etc. Furthermore, the parameters of longitudinal gravel content, maximum particle size, minimum particle size and average particle size can be extracted. Taking the maximum gravel particle size as the indicator of lithology of sandy conglomerate reservoirs, through the sensitivity analysis of grain size and conventional curve, the statistical relations of grain size and resistivity, natural gamma and density of sandy conglomerate are established, and a quantitative standard for lithology identification in this area is proposed.
引文
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Lu G M. 2010. Logging comprehensive identification technology of deep sandy conglomerate lithology,dongying sag [J]. Well Logging Technology (in Chinese),34(2): 168-171.鲁国明. 2010. 东营凹陷深层砂砾岩岩性测井综合识别技术[J]. 测井技术,34(2): 168-171.
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Wu W S,Chen G H,Wang Z W,et al. 2000. Features recognition of sedimentary structure on formation microscanner log [J]. Well Logging Technology (in Chinese),24(1): 60- 63.吴文圣,陈钢花,王中文,等. 2000. 用地层微电阻率扫描成像测井识别沉积构造特征[J]. 测井技术,24(1): 60- 63.
Xiao M Q. 2012. Application research on mixed noise image filtering algorithm in medical image [Master’s thesis]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou Jiaotong University.肖孟强. 2012. 混合噪声图像滤波算法在医学图像中的应用研究[硕士论文]. 兰州:兰州交通大学.
Yan J P,Cai J G,Zhao M H,et al. 2011. Application of electrical image logging in the study of sedimentary characteristics of sandy conglomerates [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development (in Chinese),38(4): 444- 451.闫建平,蔡进功,赵铭海,等. 2011. 电成像测井在砂砾岩体沉积特征研究中的应用[J]. 石油勘探与开发,38(4): 444- 451.
Yan J P,Liang Q,Li Z Z,et al. 2016. A connected domain identification method and its application in quantitatively pickup information of caves using electric imaging logging [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),59(12): 4759- 4770.闫建平,梁强,李尊芝,等. 2016. 连通域标识法在FMI图像溶洞信息定量拾取中的应用[J]. 地球物理学报,59(12): 4759- 4770,doi: 10.6038/cjg20161234.
Zhang L H,Dai D J,Zhou M S,et al. 2006. Application of imaging logs in studying lake basin sedimentations [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development (in Chinese),33(1): 67-71.张龙海,代大经,周明顺,等. 2006. 成像测井资料在湖盆沉积研究中的应用[J]. 石油勘探与开发,33(1): 67-71.
Zhang Z S,Zhu L F,Chen Y,et al. 2003. An application of FMI data to glutenite sedimentary facies analysis in Dongying sag [J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas (in Chinese),17(2): 136-139.张占松,朱留方,陈莹,等. 2003. FMI测井资料在砂砾岩沉积相研究中的应用[J]. 中国海上油气,17(2): 136-139.
ZHOU L X. 2008. Application of fullbore formation microimager (FMI) to study of glutenite sedimentary structures in Jiyang depression [J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology (in Chinese),29(5): 654- 656,667.周伦先. 2008. 成像测井技术在研究砂砾岩沉积构造中的应用[J]. 新疆石油地质,29(5): 654- 656,667.
Li J L. 2008. Diagenesis evolution characteristics of deep buried glutenite reservoir bed in the dongying sag,the bohai bay basin [J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment (in Chinese),30(3): 252-255.李军亮. 2008. 渤海湾盆地东营凹陷深层砂砾岩储层成岩演化特征[J]. 石油实验地质,30(3): 252-255.
Liu R L,Xie F,Xiao C W,et al. 2017. Extracting fracture-vug plane porosity from electrical imaging logging data using dissection of wavelet-transform-based image [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),60(12): 4945- 4955,doi: 10.6038/cjg20171233.刘瑞林,谢芳,肖承文,等. 2017. 基于小波变换图像分割技术的电成像测井资料裂缝、孔洞面孔率提取方法[J]. 地球物理学报,60(12): 4945- 4955,doi: 10.6038/cjg20171233.
Lu G M. 2010. Logging comprehensive identification technology of deep sandy conglomerate lithology,dongying sag [J]. Well Logging Technology (in Chinese),34(2): 168-171.鲁国明. 2010. 东营凹陷深层砂砾岩岩性测井综合识别技术[J]. 测井技术,34(2): 168-171.
Nie D X,Li J,Chen H F. 2011. Optimization transformation method for image inpainting [J]. Computer Engineering (in Chinese),37(16): 232-234.聂笃宪,李杰,陈鹤峰. 2011. 图像修补的优化变换方法[J]. 计算机工程,37(16): 232-234.
Wu W S,Chen G H,Wang Z W,et al. 2000. Features recognition of sedimentary structure on formation microscanner log [J]. Well Logging Technology (in Chinese),24(1): 60- 63.吴文圣,陈钢花,王中文,等. 2000. 用地层微电阻率扫描成像测井识别沉积构造特征[J]. 测井技术,24(1): 60- 63.
Xiao M Q. 2012. Application research on mixed noise image filtering algorithm in medical image [Master’s thesis]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou Jiaotong University.肖孟强. 2012. 混合噪声图像滤波算法在医学图像中的应用研究[硕士论文]. 兰州:兰州交通大学.
Yan J P,Cai J G,Zhao M H,et al. 2011. Application of electrical image logging in the study of sedimentary characteristics of sandy conglomerates [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development (in Chinese),38(4): 444- 451.闫建平,蔡进功,赵铭海,等. 2011. 电成像测井在砂砾岩体沉积特征研究中的应用[J]. 石油勘探与开发,38(4): 444- 451.
Yan J P,Liang Q,Li Z Z,et al. 2016. A connected domain identification method and its application in quantitatively pickup information of caves using electric imaging logging [J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese),59(12): 4759- 4770.闫建平,梁强,李尊芝,等. 2016. 连通域标识法在FMI图像溶洞信息定量拾取中的应用[J]. 地球物理学报,59(12): 4759- 4770,doi: 10.6038/cjg20161234.
Zhang L H,Dai D J,Zhou M S,et al. 2006. Application of imaging logs in studying lake basin sedimentations [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development (in Chinese),33(1): 67-71.张龙海,代大经,周明顺,等. 2006. 成像测井资料在湖盆沉积研究中的应用[J]. 石油勘探与开发,33(1): 67-71.
Zhang Z S,Zhu L F,Chen Y,et al. 2003. An application of FMI data to glutenite sedimentary facies analysis in Dongying sag [J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas (in Chinese),17(2): 136-139.张占松,朱留方,陈莹,等. 2003. FMI测井资料在砂砾岩沉积相研究中的应用[J]. 中国海上油气,17(2): 136-139.
ZHOU L X. 2008. Application of fullbore formation microimager (FMI) to study of glutenite sedimentary structures in Jiyang depression [J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology (in Chinese),29(5): 654- 656,667.周伦先. 2008. 成像测井技术在研究砂砾岩沉积构造中的应用[J]. 新疆石油地质,29(5): 654- 656,667.
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