基于Innography平台的堆肥技术专利分析
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摘要
堆肥是解决畜禽养殖废弃物资源化问题的主要途径之一。为了全面掌握全球堆肥技术研发现状,以Innography专利分析平台为基础,分析了专利申请、布局、竞争态势、IPC分类等内容,探讨了核心专利的来源区域和技术主题等。结果表明:从全球范围来看,自2010年开始堆肥相关的技术专利数量迅速上升。来自中国发明人的专利数量最多,核心专利中64.8%来自美国。美国的杜邦公司和日本的日立公司具有较强的综合实力与技术创新能力。核心专利的热点主题为有机物、废弃物、废水、二氧化碳等。对中国专利的分析结果表明,天津师范大学、浙江大学、中国农业大学、南京农业大学和中国环境科学研究院的专利数量最多。天津师范大学同时拥有较强的综合实力和技术创新能力,在知识产权保护方面领先同行。中国的技术热点主题为有机肥、原料、重金属、复合肥料和食用菌等。本研究可为全面了解堆肥技术研发的发展状况,制定科学的产业发展政策提供重要参考。
The paper aims to understand the status of the compost-related patents globally, for it is one of the important resource utilization ways to solve the pollution caused by the livestock and poultry breeding wastes at present. Based on the Innography analysis platform, we analyzed patent application, patent layout, inventor location, organization distribution, and IPC technology category, also discussed the source areas and technical topics of core patents. The results showed that: there was a sharp increase of the total amounts of compostrelated patents since 2010; China had the most patents in this field, while the vast majority of core patents were mastered by the United States(64.8%); the DowDuPont Inc. from the United States and Hitachi Ltd. from Japan showed strong comprehensive strength and technological innovation ability; the hot topics of core patents were organic materials, waste materials, wastewater, and carbon dioxide; as to the situation in China, the top five organizations with the most patents were Tianjing Normal University, Zhejiang University, Chinese Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University and Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences; among them, Tianjin Normal University had a strong comprehensive strength and technological innovation ability and was quite ahead of other peers in intellectual property protection; the hot topics of Chinese patents included organic fertilizer, raw materials, heavy metals, compound fertilizers and edible fungi.This study could provide references for the comprehensive understanding of compost-related development and the formulation of industrial development policies.
The paper aims to understand the status of the compost-related patents globally, for it is one of the important resource utilization ways to solve the pollution caused by the livestock and poultry breeding wastes at present. Based on the Innography analysis platform, we analyzed patent application, patent layout, inventor location, organization distribution, and IPC technology category, also discussed the source areas and technical topics of core patents. The results showed that: there was a sharp increase of the total amounts of compostrelated patents since 2010; China had the most patents in this field, while the vast majority of core patents were mastered by the United States(64.8%); the DowDuPont Inc. from the United States and Hitachi Ltd. from Japan showed strong comprehensive strength and technological innovation ability; the hot topics of core patents were organic materials, waste materials, wastewater, and carbon dioxide; as to the situation in China, the top five organizations with the most patents were Tianjing Normal University, Zhejiang University, Chinese Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University and Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences; among them, Tianjin Normal University had a strong comprehensive strength and technological innovation ability and was quite ahead of other peers in intellectual property protection; the hot topics of Chinese patents included organic fertilizer, raw materials, heavy metals, compound fertilizers and edible fungi.This study could provide references for the comprehensive understanding of compost-related development and the formulation of industrial development policies.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国环境保护部,中华人民共和国环境保护部统计局,中华人民共和国环境保护部农业部.第一次全国污染源普查公报[R].Http://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2010-02/10/content_1532174.htm.
[2]马国霞,於方,曹东,等.中国农业面源污染物排放量计算及中长期预测[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(2):490-498.
[3]吴岩,杜立宇,高明和,等.农业面源污染现状及其防治措施[J].农业环境与发展,2011,28(1):64-67.
[4] Sun B, Zhang LX, Yang LZ, et al. Agricultural non-point source pollution in China:Causes and mitigation measures[J].Ambio,2012,41(4):370-379.
[5]宋家永,李英涛,宋宇,等.农业面源污染的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(11):362-365.
[6]于飞,施卫明.基于文献计量学的国内外面源污染研究进展分析[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(5):242-248.
[7]许文志,欧阳平,罗付香,等.中国畜禽粪污处理利用现状及对策探讨[J].中国农学通报,2017,23:019.
[8]潘丹,孔凡斌,张雅燕.基于环境要素禀赋的畜禽养殖总量控制研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(29):1-7.
[9] Schaller M, Barth E, Blies D, et al. Climate Smart Agriculture(CSA):Farmyard Compost[R].2017, SLE, Berlin.
[10] Jindo K, Chocano C, Melgares de Aguilar J., et al. Impact of compost application during 5 years on crop Pproduction, soil microbial activity, carbon fraction, and humification process[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2016,47(16):1907-1919.
[11] Logsdon SD, Sauer P, Shipitalo MJ. Compost improved urban soil and water quality[J].Journal of Water Resource Protection,2017,9:345-357.
[12]杨志滨,王栋,程瑾,等.基于Innography数据库的抗抑郁药专利挖掘与分析[J].中华医学图书情报杂志,2015(3):18-22.
[13]陈蔚丽.基于Innography的固体废弃物综合利用技术的专利情报分析[J].现代情报,2014,34(8):100-104.
[14]刘小平,李向阳.基于Innography平台的青蒿素类药物专利情报分析[J].现代情报,2016,36(2):157-166.
[15]赵慧清,王杏利,鞠建伟,等.基于Innography的节水农业专利可视化分析及热点研究[J].节水灌溉,2016,11:104-110.
[16]张群,张柏秋.燃料电池车专利情报研究--基于Innography专利分析平台[J].情报杂志,2014,33(7):38-43.
[17] Yamamoto K, Hashimoto Y. Chemical species of phosphorus and zinc in water-dispersible colloids from swine manure compost[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2017,46(2):461-465.
[18]于宁宁.日本农业转型:原因,特征与启示[J].世界农业,2014,1:27-30.
[19] Innography[EB/OL].Http://app. innography.com/,2013-11-10.
[20] Lanjouw JO, Schankerman M. Patent quality and research productivity:measuring innovation with multiple indicators[J].The Economic Journal,2004,114(495):441-465.
[2]马国霞,於方,曹东,等.中国农业面源污染物排放量计算及中长期预测[J].环境科学学报,2012,32(2):490-498.
[3]吴岩,杜立宇,高明和,等.农业面源污染现状及其防治措施[J].农业环境与发展,2011,28(1):64-67.
[4] Sun B, Zhang LX, Yang LZ, et al. Agricultural non-point source pollution in China:Causes and mitigation measures[J].Ambio,2012,41(4):370-379.
[5]宋家永,李英涛,宋宇,等.农业面源污染的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(11):362-365.
[6]于飞,施卫明.基于文献计量学的国内外面源污染研究进展分析[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(5):242-248.
[7]许文志,欧阳平,罗付香,等.中国畜禽粪污处理利用现状及对策探讨[J].中国农学通报,2017,23:019.
[8]潘丹,孔凡斌,张雅燕.基于环境要素禀赋的畜禽养殖总量控制研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(29):1-7.
[9] Schaller M, Barth E, Blies D, et al. Climate Smart Agriculture(CSA):Farmyard Compost[R].2017, SLE, Berlin.
[10] Jindo K, Chocano C, Melgares de Aguilar J., et al. Impact of compost application during 5 years on crop Pproduction, soil microbial activity, carbon fraction, and humification process[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2016,47(16):1907-1919.
[11] Logsdon SD, Sauer P, Shipitalo MJ. Compost improved urban soil and water quality[J].Journal of Water Resource Protection,2017,9:345-357.
[12]杨志滨,王栋,程瑾,等.基于Innography数据库的抗抑郁药专利挖掘与分析[J].中华医学图书情报杂志,2015(3):18-22.
[13]陈蔚丽.基于Innography的固体废弃物综合利用技术的专利情报分析[J].现代情报,2014,34(8):100-104.
[14]刘小平,李向阳.基于Innography平台的青蒿素类药物专利情报分析[J].现代情报,2016,36(2):157-166.
[15]赵慧清,王杏利,鞠建伟,等.基于Innography的节水农业专利可视化分析及热点研究[J].节水灌溉,2016,11:104-110.
[16]张群,张柏秋.燃料电池车专利情报研究--基于Innography专利分析平台[J].情报杂志,2014,33(7):38-43.
[17] Yamamoto K, Hashimoto Y. Chemical species of phosphorus and zinc in water-dispersible colloids from swine manure compost[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2017,46(2):461-465.
[18]于宁宁.日本农业转型:原因,特征与启示[J].世界农业,2014,1:27-30.
[19] Innography[EB/OL].Http://app. innography.com/,2013-11-10.
[20] Lanjouw JO, Schankerman M. Patent quality and research productivity:measuring innovation with multiple indicators[J].The Economic Journal,2004,114(495):441-465.