投球式全通径压裂滑套研制
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摘要
常用的水平井多级分段压裂技术在不下入内管、不进行磨铣作业情况下,难以实现管柱内大通径,不利于后期生产管理,为此,研制了投球式全通径压裂滑套。该滑套采用投球打开方式,无内封隔器、液控管线及专门的开关工具,只需向压裂管柱内投置多个同一尺寸的压裂球即可开启全部滑套,施工工艺简单,效率较高,压裂完后管柱通径大。基于显式动力学分析了压裂球推动内滑套运动过程中,内滑套受力变化以及压裂球坐封过程中可复位球座受力变化。结果表明,内滑套和可复位球座的强度均满足现场压裂施工要求。室内实验表明,内滑套启动压力为7. 6 MPa,压裂滑套打开压力为12. 6 MPa;开关、内滑套、弹簧及可复位球座动作可靠,能完成预定动作。
For stage fracturing in horizontal wells,the bore size of fracturing completion string is normally small if no inner tube or milling operation,which is not conducive to later production management. Therefore,the ball-activated full-bore fracturing sleeve was developed. The fracturing sleeve is opened by balls injected,no inner packers,hydraulic pipelines and special switching tools. All the fracturing sleeves can be opened by many balls of the same size. And the fracturing completion string is kept full bore after fracturing. It is easy to operate and has a higher efficiency. Based on explicit dynamics,the variation in the stress on the sleeve when pushed by the ball and the variation in stress on the reset ball seat during the ball setting process were analyzed respectively. The simulation results show that the strengths of the inner sliding sleeve and the reset ball seat can meet fracturing requirement. The laboratory experiments show that the start-up pressure of the inner sliding sleeve is 7. 6 MPa,the opening pressure of the fracturing sleeve is 12. 6 MPa,and the switch,inner sliding sleeve,spring and reset ball seat operate reliably and can complete the scheduled actions.
For stage fracturing in horizontal wells,the bore size of fracturing completion string is normally small if no inner tube or milling operation,which is not conducive to later production management. Therefore,the ball-activated full-bore fracturing sleeve was developed. The fracturing sleeve is opened by balls injected,no inner packers,hydraulic pipelines and special switching tools. All the fracturing sleeves can be opened by many balls of the same size. And the fracturing completion string is kept full bore after fracturing. It is easy to operate and has a higher efficiency. Based on explicit dynamics,the variation in the stress on the sleeve when pushed by the ball and the variation in stress on the reset ball seat during the ball setting process were analyzed respectively. The simulation results show that the strengths of the inner sliding sleeve and the reset ball seat can meet fracturing requirement. The laboratory experiments show that the start-up pressure of the inner sliding sleeve is 7. 6 MPa,the opening pressure of the fracturing sleeve is 12. 6 MPa,and the switch,inner sliding sleeve,spring and reset ball seat operate reliably and can complete the scheduled actions.
引文
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[11]戴文潮,秦金立,薛占峰,等.一球多簇分段压裂滑套工具技术研究[J].石油机械,2014,42(8):103-106.
[12]李敢,伊西峰,姜广彬,等.国外全通径分段压裂完井技术进展及趋势[J].钻采工艺,2015(4):41-44.
[13]谷长春,石明全.基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA的高速碰撞过程的数值模拟[J].系统仿真学报,2009,21(15):4621-4624.
[14]Rust W,Schweizerhof K.Finite element limit load analysis of thin-walled structures by ANSYS(implicit),LS-DYNA(explicit)and in combination[J].Steel Construction,2003,41(2-3):227-244.
[2]范明涛,李军,柳贡慧,等.页岩气水平井体积压裂过程中套损机理研究[J].石油机械,2018,46(4):82-87.
[3]张树立,李心成.适合中国大型页岩气压裂成套装备的解决方案[J].石油机械,2018,46(12):60-67.
[4]Zhao J,Chen X,Li Y,et al.Numerical simulation of multi-stage fracturing and optimization of perforation in a horizontal well[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(1):119-126.
[5]李扬,邓金根,刘伟,等.水平井分段多簇限流压裂数值模拟[J].断块油气田,2017,24(1):69-73.
[6]Yuan F,Palmer C,Blanton E,et al.Improved efficiency of multi-stage fracturing operations:An innovative pressure activated toe sleeve[C]//SPE172971-MS presented at the SPE Middle East Unconventional Resources Conference and Exhibition,26-28 January,2015,Muscat,Oman.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/172971-MS.
[7]秦金立,吴姬昊,崔晓杰,等.裸眼分段压裂投球式滑套球座关键技术研究[J].石油钻探技术,2014(5):52-56.
[8]刘祖林,杨保军,曾雨辰.页岩气水平井泵送桥塞射孔联作常见问题及对策[J].石油钻采工艺,2014(3):75-78.
[9]李立政,卢秀德,孙兆岩.连续油管分段压裂技术在低渗透油气藏中的应用实践[J].钻采工艺,2015(2):78-81.
[10]Abrams M E,Churcher P L,Piland J,et al.From the Laboratory to the Field:Successful Multistage Horizontal Fracturing Design and Implementation in Tight Sandstones in the Anadarko Basin[C]//SPE 173379-MS presented at the SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference,3-5 February,2015,The Woodlands,Texas,USA.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/173379-MS
[11]戴文潮,秦金立,薛占峰,等.一球多簇分段压裂滑套工具技术研究[J].石油机械,2014,42(8):103-106.
[12]李敢,伊西峰,姜广彬,等.国外全通径分段压裂完井技术进展及趋势[J].钻采工艺,2015(4):41-44.
[13]谷长春,石明全.基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA的高速碰撞过程的数值模拟[J].系统仿真学报,2009,21(15):4621-4624.
[14]Rust W,Schweizerhof K.Finite element limit load analysis of thin-walled structures by ANSYS(implicit),LS-DYNA(explicit)and in combination[J].Steel Construction,2003,41(2-3):227-244.